Trade Liberlisation as an Instrument for Regional Cooperation

Trade Liberlisation, Regional Co-operation

Using Dedicated and Opportunistic Networks in Synergy for a Cost-effective Distributed Stream Processing Platform

This paper presents a case for exploiting the synergy of dedicated and opportunistic network resources in a distributed hosting platform for data stream processing applications. Our previous studies have demonstrated the benefits of combining dedicated reliable resources with opportunistic resources in case of high-throughput computing applications, where timely allocation of the processing units is the primary concern. Since distributed stream processing applications demand large volume of data transmission between the processing sites at a consistent rate, adequate control over the network resources is important here to assure a steady flow of processing. In this paper, we propose a system model for the hybrid hosting platform where stream processing servers installed at distributed sites are interconnected with a combination of dedicated links and public Internet. Decentralized algorithms have been developed for allocation of the two classes of network resources among the competing tasks with an objective towards higher task throughput and better utilization of expensive dedicated resources. Results from extensive simulation study show that with proper management, systems exploiting the synergy of dedicated and opportunistic resources yield considerably higher task throughput and thus, higher return on investment over the systems solely using expensive dedicated resources.Comment: 9 page

Factors Influencing the Extent of Practice of Organic Farming Technologies: A Case Study of Tangail District in Bangladesh

The study was attempted to explore the major factors influencing the extent of practice of organic farming technologies (called OFTs from here) by the Bangladeshi farmers. The empirical data for the study were collected from the organic farmers of the selected villages of Tangail district in Bangladesh. The results of the study identified four factors like development of knowledge and awareness regarding environmental issues, creation of health awareness, and simplicity of the OFTs and availability of basic production factors as the major influential factors which can increase the extent of practice of OFTs by the farmers. Taking these factors into account the policy makers can formulate a strategy to increase the extent of practice of various OFTs by the farmers for the successful expansion of organic farming in Bangladesh

CliqueStream: an efficient and fault-resilient live streaming network on a clustered peer-to-peer overlay

Several overlay-based live multimedia streaming platforms have been proposed in the recent peer-to-peer streaming literature. In most of the cases, the overlay neighbors are chosen randomly for robustness of the overlay. However, this causes nodes that are distant in terms of proximity in the underlying physical network to become neighbors, and thus data travels unnecessary distances before reaching the destination. For efficiency of bulk data transmission like multimedia streaming, the overlay neighborhood should resemble the proximity in the underlying network. In this paper, we exploit the proximity and redundancy properties of a recently proposed clique-based clustered overlay network, named eQuus, to build efficient as well as robust overlays for multimedia stream dissemination. To combine the efficiency of content pushing over tree structured overlays and the robustness of data-driven mesh overlays, higher capacity stable nodes are organized in tree structure to carry the long haul traffic and less stable nodes with intermittent presence are organized in localized meshes. The overlay construction and fault-recovery procedures are explained in details. Simulation study demonstrates the good locality properties of the platform. The outage time and control overhead induced by the failure recovery mechanism are minimal as demonstrated by the analysis.Comment: 10 page

Practical Use of Soybean Meal and its Supplementation With Amino Acids in Diet of Mystus Nemurvs (Cuvier and Valenciennes) Fingerlings

Two experiments using different formulation of diets to determine the suitability of soybean meal in diet for Mystus nemurus fingerlings were carried out. In the first experiment, seven types of formulated diets were used to evaluate the effect of partial or complete replacement of fishmeal (FM) with solvent-extracted soybean meal (SSBM) and full-fat soybean meal (FFSBM) for the river catfish, Mystus nemurus fingerlings. Six isonitrogenous diets (42% crude protein) containing different content of FM:SSBM were D1(61.29:0.0%), D2(39.78:30%), D3(32 .6:40%), D4(25 .44:5 0%), Ds(18.37:60%), and D6(O.O:85.84%) were randomly fed to catfish in triplicate tanks. The seventh diet (30% crude protein) containing 0% FM and 85.42% FFSBM was also used in the same manner. Average individual weight gain, feed conversion ratio, specific growth rate, protein efficiency ratio, and yield were not differ significantly (p>0.05) among the two comparable diets CDI and D4) where the FM and SSBM percentage were 6 1 .29, 2 5 .44 and 0, 50%, respectively. But apparent net protein utilization (between DJ and D4) was d iffering significantly (p<0.05). Survivability of the fish fed diet DJ and diet D4 with the value of 8 1 .90 and 80.95%, respectively. Th is study indicate that 5 8.49% FM can be replaced by S SBM i n the diets for better growth for intensive culture. In the second experiment, seven types of isonitrogenous (42% protein) diets having fish meal with soybean meal (Control diet) and different proportion of soybean meal supplemented with three selected ind ispensable crystalline amino acids were used to determ ine their suitability as feed for Mystus nemurus fingerlings under close water recirculating system . Casein was added to make up 42% protein. The study showed that M nemurus fed the control diet CD) with 25.44% FM and 50% S SB M (same as in experiment 1) had highest growth performances. The species fed the diet with 57% SSBM (D3) with the selected amino acids had the second highest growth performances. But between the two treatments CD) and D3) had no significant differences (P>0.05) on the basi s of weight gain (%), FeR, SGR, PER, yield and surv ival. Amino acid profiles of whole-body M nemurus fingerlings at different feed ing trials were determined to provide baseline information on the amino acid requirements of the fresh water catfish. The essential am ino acid (AlE) ratio were calculated and found to be a possi ble method for evaluating the M nemurus diet, as a superior ratio i ndicates superior production

Structural and electronic properties of Si/Ge nanoparticles

Results of a theoretical study of the electronic properties of (Si)Ge and (Ge)Si core/shell nanoparticles, homogeneous SiGe clusters, and Ge$|$Si clusters with an interphase separating the Si and Ge atoms are presented. In general, (Si)Ge particles are more stable than (Ge)Si ones, and SiGe systems are more stable than Ge$|$Si ones. It is found that the frontier orbitals, that dictate the optical properties, are localized to the surface, meaning that saturating dangling bonds on the surface with ligands may influence the optical properties significantly. In the central parts we identify a weak tendency for the Si atoms to accept electrons, whereas Ge atoms donate electrons.Comment: To appear in Phys. Rev.

Benefit-Cost Assessment of Different Homestead Vegetable Gardening on Improving Household Food and Nutrition Security in Rural Bangladesh

Homestead vegetable gardening can play a significant role in improving food security for the resource poor rural households in developing country like Bangladesh. The present study quantifies costs/benefits of traditional and developed homestead vegetable production systems, and analyzes the underlying factors contributing to food security. The result suggests that developed gardening has better performances in terms of calorie intake and economic performances over traditional but the optimal calorie intake with least-cost technology could be a feasible livelihood strategy for resource poor people. The result also suggests that education, sex, and garden area have significant effect on food security. The occupation and family size are also positively associated with food security.Community/Rural/Urban Development, Food Security and Poverty,