2 research outputs found
Investigation of the Thermophysical Properties of AMPS-Based Aprotic Ionic Liquids for Potential Application in CO<sub>2</sub> Sorption Processes
The
thermophysical properties such as density, refractive index,
and viscosity of five aprotic ILs bearing imidazolium (1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium
[emim], 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium [bmim], 1-benzyl-3-methylimidazolium
[bnmim]), pyrrolidinium (1-butyl-1methylpyrrolidinium [bmpyr]), and
pyridinium (<i>N</i>-butylpyridinium [bpyn]) cations with
2-acryloamido-2-methylpropanesulfonate [AMPS] anion were studied,
and their effect on CO<sub>2</sub> solubility was explored. The density
and viscosity were determined within the temperature range of (293.15
to 363.15) K at atmospheric pressure, while refractive indices were
measured within the temperature range of (288.15 to 333.15) K. Among
imidazolium cations, increasing the side chain length resulted in
increased refractive index and viscosity with a corresponding decrease
in density. In the presented ILs, [emim]Â[AMPS] showed the highest
density and least viscosity over the entire temperature range and
an enhanced CO<sub>2</sub> dissolution of 0.40 mole fraction at 1
MPa was observed at 298.15 K. Moreover, the Henry’s constant
of [emim]Â[AMPS] was determined to be 1.957 MPa which was 49.5, 65.5,
21, and 53% less than [bmim]Â[AMPS], [bnmim]Â[AMPS], [bmpyr]Â[AMPS],
and [bpyn]Â[AMPS], respectively. The present study provides a better
understanding of the structure–activity relationship between
CO<sub>2</sub> sorption and physicochemical properties of studied
ILs
Core–Shell Vanadium Modified Titania@β-In<sub>2</sub>S<sub>3</sub> Hybrid Nanorod Arrays for Superior Interface Stability and Photochemical Activity
Core–shell rutile TiO<sub>2</sub>@β-In<sub>2</sub>S<sub>3</sub> and modified V-TiO<sub>2</sub>@β-In<sub>2</sub>S<sub>3</sub> were synthesized to develop
bilayer systems to uphold charge transport via an effective and stable
interface. Morphological studies revealed that β-In<sub>2</sub>S<sub>3</sub> was deposited homogeneously on V-TiO<sub>2</sub> as
compared to unmodified TiO<sub>2</sub> nanorod arrays. X-ray photoelectron
spectroscopy (XPS) and electron energy loss spectrometry studies verified
the presence of various oxidation states of vanadium in rutile TiO<sub>2</sub> and the vanadium surface was utilized for broadening the
charge collection centers in host substrate layer and hole quencher
window. Subsequently, X-ray diffraction, high-resolution transmission
electron microscopy, and Raman spectra confirmed the rutile phases
of TiO<sub>2</sub> and modified V-TiO<sub>2</sub> along with the phases
of crystalline β-In<sub>2</sub>S<sub>3</sub>. XPS valence band
study explored the interaction of valence band quazi Fermi levels
of β-In<sub>2</sub>S<sub>3</sub> with the conduction band quazi
Fermi levels of modified V-TiO<sub>2</sub> for enhanced charge collection
at the interface. Photoelectrochemical studies show that the photocurrent
density of V-TiO<sub>2</sub>@β-In<sub>2</sub>S<sub>3</sub> is
1.42 mA/cm<sup>2</sup> (1.5AM illumination). Also, the frequency window
for TiO<sub>2</sub> was broadened by the vanadium modification in
rutile TiO<sub>2</sub> nanorod arrays, and the lifetime of the charge
carrier and stability of the interface in V-TiO<sub>2</sub>@β-In<sub>2</sub>S<sub>3</sub> were enhanced compared to the unmodified TiO<sub>2</sub>@β-In<sub>2</sub>S<sub>3</sub>. These findings highlight
the significance of modifications in host substrates and interfaces,
which have profound implications on interphase stability, photocatalysis
and solar-fuel-based devices