EFFECTIVENESS OF NEW CHEMISTRY INSECTICIDES AGAINST BACTROCERA ZONATA (DIPTERA: TEPHRITIDAE)

Fruit fly is quarantine pest so infested fruit and vegetables restricted to export. Citrus fruit is important fruit crop in Pakistan which exports to other countries. Large numbers of insect pest are attacked to Citrus fruit in which fruit fly is one of most major pests now days in Pakistan. Fruit fly has short life cycle, high fecundity, and wide host ranges that why difficult to control. The present study was carried to check the efficacy of new chemistry insecticides against Bactrocera zonata and their behavior in Citrus fruits. Fruit fly was collected from different fruit orchards and brought them into the laboratory. Fruit fly colony was maintained in the plastic jars to developed large population which need in the bioassay study. To check the efficacy of new chemistry insecticides, bottle and leaf dip method was used. Result demonstrated that maximum percentage mortality (50.00±2.88, 53.33±4.40 and 60.00±2.88) was recorded in trichlorfon treated bottle with 16 ppm concentration n after 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h exposure of insecticides, respectively. Trichlorfon was the most effective insecticide to control fruit fly in both bottle and leaf dip method at 16 ppm dose while Emmamectin benzoate and spinosad were also effective as compared to others. Feedings behavior was more affected by trichlorfon treated plants as compared to remaining. Hence, it can be concluded that trichlorfon was efficient insecticides to control fruit fly in Citrus

A situational analysis of HIV and AIDS in Pakistan

HIV (Human immunodeficiency virus) transmission has been reduced by protected sex and screening of blood products and other body fluids in the developed countries. It has been reported that Pakistan is at high risk of HIV/AIDS infection but presently the prevalence rate is considerably low. The number of reported cases of HIV/AIDS in Pakistan has been continuously increasing since 1987. By 2010 the total number of registered cases has reached to 6000 and this figure is on the rise with the passage of time. Some serious strategies must be implemented to control this deadly disease

Significance of Hematological Parameters in Patients with Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus and Its Relationship with Disease Complications

Objective: To determine the association of haematological parameters with disease complications in patients with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Study Design: Cross-sectional analytical study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Hematology, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Rawalpindi Pakistan from Feb to Aug 2019. Methodology: In this study, 200 Patients were selected and divided into four groups, 1) Anaemia without Diabetes 2) Diabetes with Anaemia 3) Diabetes without Anaemia 4) Healthy Control Group. All the patients were assessed because of their clinical history and laboratory evidence. The patients' clinical details, type of anaemia, laboratory investigations and complications related to diabetes were recorded on a specially designed proforma. Results: Diabetes-related complications were highest in diabetes with anaemia Group. It was recorded that diabetes with anaemia Group, 36 patients (50.0%) had microvascular complications and 32 patients (47.8%) had macrovascular complications. In the healthy control group, 8 patients (11.1%) had microvascular complications, and nine patients (13.4 %) had macrovascular complications. Conclusion: Patients with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus should be evaluated and treated for anaemia routinely to prevent complication

Enterprise Resource Planning Systems: Digitization of Healthcare Service Quality

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the perception of healthcare professionals in improving the quality of services in healthcare centers by deploying the platform of Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP). Individual attributes, organizational impression, information, and the system quality of ERP have been used to evaluate the overall influence of integrated planning systems on health care service quality. A mixed methods approach is used to collect and examine data through triangulation. Data for the empirical study was collected from 279 medical professionals of five healthcare organizations operating in the city of Lahore, Pakistan, through a self-administered questionnaire. Descriptive statistics squared multiple correlations and reliability coefficients were used as data analysis tools. Moreover, the goodness of fit test of the structural model was conducted through AMOS 20. All given dimensions of ERP are postulated to have a positive effect on healthcare service quality. The results reveal that the use of an enterprise planning system has a positive impact on individuals, organizational information quality, and system quality in healthcare services. The study further concludes that a well implemented ‘Enterprise Resource Planning System’ results in better system output and enables healthcare professionals to provide better healthcare service quality

Individual and Organizational Impact of Enterprises Resources Planning System in Healthcare Sector

Use of ERPS (Enterprise Resource Planning System) in healthcare sector has positive impacts. The purpose of this research is to find out the individual and organizational impact in healthcare sector. Hypotheses were postulated that the use of ERPS has positive individual and organizational impacts. A research questionnaire was used to test these hypotheses which have twelve dimensions for both impacts. This instrument was adopted from literature and self-administrated to 504 individuals with response rate of 60% and only 56% of questionnaires were used. The results of this study revealed that the use of ERPS has positive individual and organizational impacts. This study will help the healthcare organizations to find out impacts of ERPS in healthcare sector and also to better understand the individual and organizational impact

Formal Modeling and Analysis of Air Traffic Control System Using Petri Nets

Air traffic control (ATC) system in airports is one of the most complex systems due to the huge number of requirements in the framework of air traffic management. The incessant increase in air traffic over the past few decades, so it is more challenging for ATC System to manage flow of the aircraft using one runway. To organize and expedite the flow ofair traffic, we proposed a formal model of ATC using two runways by Hierarchical timed Color Petri Net. HTCPN is appropriate to present complex reactive system. ATC assign landing and taking over runways according to the first-come-first-served (FCFS) approach. CPN tool is used for simulation and analysis of proposed model. Space state analysis isperformed to check the behavior of model like boundedness, liveness and dead lock properties etc. Performance analysis is conducted to check accuracy of model