Expérience 2008 de collaboration internationale en Haïti

Affiche présentée lors de : Canadian Health Libraries Association (CHLA) /Association des bibliothèques de la santé du Canada (ABSC) Conference 2009 in Winnipeg, May 30 - June 3, 2009.À l’automne 2008, les bibliothèques des sciences de la santé collaborent pour une deuxième année au Projet d’appui au renforcement des capacités en gestion de la santé (PARC) en Haïti. L’objectif était de préparer et offrir des activités de formation visant à développer les habiletés de recherche documentaire des étudiants des cycles supérieurs en administration de la santé offert en Haïti avec la collaboration de l’UdeM

Muscle co-contraction and co-activation in cerebral palsy during gait : a scoping review

Background Cerebral palsy (CP) results from an injury to a developing brain. Muscle activation patterns during walking are disrupted in individuals with CP. Indeed, excessive muscle co-contraction or co-activation (MCo/MCa) is one of the characteristics of pathological gait. Although some researchers have studied MCo/MCa in individuals with CP during gait, inconsistent results limit our understanding of this literature. Increased knowledge of MCo/MCa patterns in individuals with CP may help the development of improved gait management approaches. Research question This review aims to summarize MCo/MCa patterns while walking in individuals with CP across the existing literature and compare them with their healthy peers. Methods This study follows the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) guidelines and the recommendations presented in PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). The recommendations of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for scoping Reviews statement were respected. The following databases were searched: MEDLINE (Ovid), EMBASE (Ovid), CINAHL Plus with Full Text (Ebsco), SPORTDiscus with Full Text (Ebsco), and Web of Science. Results Among 2545 identified studies, 21 studies remained after screening. In total, 337 participants with CP and 249 healthy participants were included. Both MCo and MCa terminologies are used for describing simultaneous muscle activation; however, when it is measured by electromyography (EMG), MCa terminology should be preferred to facilitate interpretation. A wide range of MCo/MCa patterns has been found across studies using different methodologies (e.g., gait protocol, computation methods). Finally, most of the included studies confirm that MCo/MCa is increased in individuals with CP during walking compared to controls. Significance This review identified missing concepts and common limitations in the literature which could be addressed in future research such as the association between MCo/MCa and gait deviations, and the most appropriate MCo/MCa computation method

Gait adaptations of individuals with cerebral palsy on irregular surfaces : a scoping review

Background Individuals with cerebral palsy (CP) have a reduced ability to perform motor tasks such as walking. During daily walking, they are confronted with environmental constraints such as irregular surfaces (e.g., relief and uneven surfaces) which may require adaptations to maintain stability and avoid falls. Laboratory gait assessments are conventionally conducted under ideal conditions (e.g., regular and even surfaces) and may overlook subtle problems which may only present in challenging walking environments. Increased knowledge of adaptations to successfully navigate irregular surfaces may contribute to a better understanding of everyday walking barriers. Research question This scoping review aims to describe gait adaptations to irregular surfaces in individuals with CP and contrast adaptations with those of healthy individuals. Methods This review followed the 6-stage Joanna Briggs Institute methodology and respected the recommendations of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews statement. The MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science databases were searched on March 2021. Results The research strategy identified 1616 studies published between 2014-2020, of which 10 were included after abstract and full-text screening. This review reported on 152 individuals with CP (diplegia: n=117, hemiplegia: n=35) and 159 healthy individuals. The included studies focused on spatial-temporal, kinematic, kinetic, and muscle activity parameters over relief, inclined, and staircase surfaces. 7/10 studies were conducted in laboratories, often using surfaces that are not representative of the real-world. The results suggest that for individuals with CP, adaptations on irregular surfaces differ from flat surface walking and across CP subtype. Moreover, individuals with CP present with typical and pathology-specific adaptations to irregular surfaces compared to healthy individuals. Significance This review highlights the clinical and research interest of focusing future studies on more ecologically valid data collection approaches and provides important recommendations to overcome research gaps in the existing literature

Pain Perception in Contact Sport Athletes: A Scoping Review

Contact sports athletes are regularly facing acute physical pain in part of their sport; however, the literature investigating pain perception in these athletes remains scarce. This scoping review aimed to explore the literature surrounding pain perception in contact sport athletes and to compile and understand how it is studied. The search strategy consisted of using index terms and keywords in the MEDLINE, EMBASE, SPORTDiscus, Web of Science, PsycINFO, CINAHL and ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global search engines. Results from 11 studies revealed that a mix of team contact sports and combat sports are studied and are included under the umbrella of contact sports. These athletes are being compared with non-athletes as well as athletes from non-contact sports. The cold pressor test and the pain pressure test are the two predominant methods used to investigate physical pain. This review highlights the need to clearly define sports based on contact levels expected in play to better define the types of pain athletes are facing in their practice. Athletes' level of play as well as years of experience should also be more rigorously reported. While contact sport athletes seem to have a higher level of pain tolerance than both active controls and non-contact athletes, the methods of pain testing are not always justified and appropriate in relation to the pain induced during contact sports. Future experimental studies should use pain testing methods relevant to the pain experienced during contact sports and to better justify the rationale for the choice of these methods