Communautés, gouvernement intime et sujets de l’environnement au Kumaon, Inde

Le présent article examine la formation des subjectivités environnementales au Kumaon, dans l’État d’Uttar Pradesh, en Inde. Il s’attarde sur l’exemple d’une gestion communautaire de la forêt qui a débuté il y a 70 ans et montre comment des stratégies de réglementation associées à une prise de décisions collective transforment également les convictions et les positions des sujets qui prennent part à ces activités de régulation. L’expérience de la rareté, les responsabilités associées au gouvernement des forêts et la participation à l’élaboration de règles ont une influence déterminante sur les personnes qui en viennent, à la longue, à se considérer comme des sujets de l’environnement. L’étude se fonde sur des données d’archives et sur les résultats d’une recherche ethnographique effectuée à deux périodes distinctes.This paper examines the formation of environmental subjectivities in Kumaon in the state of Uttaranchal Pradesh in India. It focuses on a 70-year old example of community-based forest management and shows how regulatory strategies associated with community decision-making also transform the beliefs and subject positions of those who participate in regulatory activities. Experiences of scarcity, responsibility for governing forests, and participation in regulation are key influences on those who come to see themselves over time as environmental subjects. The paper is based upon evidence drawn from the archival record and ethnographic research conducted over two different time periods.El presente artículo examina la formación de las subjetividades del medio ambiente en Kumaon, en el estado de Uttar Pradesh, en India. Se concentra sobre el ejemplo de la gestión comunitaria del bosque que comenzó hace 70 años y muestra cómo las estrategias de reglamentación asociadas a la toma de decisiones colectivas transforman igualmente las convicciones y las posiciones de los sujetos que participan en las actividades de regulación. La experiencia de la escasez, las responsabilidades asociadas al gobierno de los bosques y la participación en la elaboración de reglamentos, influyen de manera determinante sobre las personas quienes, a la larga, se consideran como los sujetos del medio ambiente. El estudio se basa en datos de archivo y en los resultados de una investigación etnográfica realizada en dos periodos distintos

A study of the anodic oxidation of 1, 3-butadiene on platinum and gold electrodes

The anodic oxidation of 1,3-butadiene on Pt and Au electrodes was studied at 70°C in solutions of H₂SO₄, K₂SO₄, K₂CO₃, and KOH with pH\u27s ranging from 0.35 to 12.5. Reaction rates (current) were measured as a function of potential, pH, temperature, and butadiene partial pressure. A transition region (apparently a shift in the rate determining step) in case of Pt was observed in the Tafel plots. The coulombic efficiencies of oxidation to CO₂ were 85 percent in 1 N H₂SO₄ on Pt, 93 percent in 1 N KOH on Pt, and 72 percent in 1 N KOH on Au --Abstract, Page ii

Study of deformation of non-oscillating droplets in liquid media

The object of this investigation was to find a method for predicting the deformation of non-oscillating liquid droplets which are moving in liquid media, from a knowledge of droplet size and the physical properties of the continuous and dispersed phase systems. The deformation of thirteen liquid-liquid systems was experimentally studied in this investigation --Abstract, page i

Perfect Teleportation and Superdense Coding With W-States

True tripartite entanglement of the state of a system of three qubits can be classified on the basis of stochastic local operations and classical communications (SLOCC). Such states can be classified in two categories: GHZ states and W-states. It is known that GHZ states can be used for teleportation and superdense coding, but the prototype W-state cannot be. However, we show that there is a class of W-states that can be used for perfect teleportation and superdense coding.Comment: 9 pages, no figur

Local, nonlocal quantumness and information theoretic measures

It has been suggested that there may exist quantum correlations that go beyond entanglement. The existence of such correlations can be revealed by quantum discord, but not by the conventional measure of entanglement. We argue that a state displays quantumness that can be of local and nonlocal origin. The physical quantity such as the quantum discord probes not only the nonlocal quantumness but also the local quantumness, such as the "local superposition". This can be a reason why such measures are non-zero when there is no entanglement. We consider a generalized version of the Werner state to demonstrate the interplay of local quantumness, nonlocal quantumness, and classical mixedness of a state.Comment: 7 pages, 8 figures. Title changed. Accepted for publication in IJQ

Decentralization and environmental conservation: gender effects from participation in joint forest management

"This paper analyzes how women's participation affects institutional outcomes related to the decentralized governance of community forests in Madhya Pradesh, India. The analysis is based on data from a representative sample of 641 cases of joint forest management, India's flagship program to involve communities in forest governance. We focus on two outcomes relevant for local livelihoods: control of illicit grazing and control of illicit felling in the forest. The paper statistically estimates the effects of women's participation on outcomes, and also the source of this effect in terms of women's representation in committees and action in protecting forests. We find that women's participation has substantial positive effects on regulating illicit grazing and felling, even after controlling for the effects of a range of independent variables. We also find that the “action effect” is more important than the “representation effect,” confirming some major arguments advanced by feminist environmentalists. Our statistical results are robust to different specifications and provide considerable empirical support for promoting women's participation in community-based protection of natural resources." Author's AbstractForestry resources, Gender equity, Decentralization, Community forestry, Forest management, Natural resources., Environmental protection, Gender, Collective action, Environmental management,