КАРДИООНКОЛОГИЯ: СОВРЕМЕННЫЙ ВЗГЛЯД НА ПРОБЛЕМУ ВЫБОРА ОПТИМАЛЬНОЙ СТРАТЕГИИ ЛЕЧЕНИЯ ИШЕМИЧЕСКОЙ БОЛЕЗНИ СЕРДЦА В СОЧЕТАНИИ С ОНКОЛОГИЧЕСКИМ ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЕМ

HighlightsThe article presents an overview of the main studies on the treatment of patients with coronary artery disease and cancer. Abstract Cardiovascular and oncological diseases remain the leading causes of death globally. The combination of coronary artery disease and cancer is becoming more common in clinical practice. Despite the achievements in the treatment of both of these diseases separately, their combination is a considerable issue for specialists. This review article discusses the main issues of managing patients with cancer and coronary artery disease. Moreover, the article presents various treatment strategies, including simultaneous and step-by-step interventions, and shows the current trends of endovascular approach to the treatment of these patients.Основные положенияПредставлен обзор основных исследований по лечению пациентов с ишемической болезнью сердца и онкопатологией. Резюме:Сердечно-сосудистые и онкологические заболевания занимают лидирующие позиции в структуре смертности во всем мире. Сочетание ишемической болезни сердца и онкологического заболевания встречается в клинической практике все чаще. Несмотря на достижения в лечении обеих нозологий по отдельности, их сочетание представляет большую проблему для врачей. В данной обзорной статье обсуждены основные вопросы ведения пациентов с онкологическим заболеванием и ишемической болезнью сердца. В статье описаны разные стратегии лечения, включающие симультанные и этапные вмешательства, показаны современные тенденции эндоваскулярного подхода в лечении данной группы больных

Blockade of a Laminin-411–Notch Axis with CRISPR/Cas9 or a Nanobioconjugate Inhibits Glioblastoma Growth through Tumor-Microenvironment Cross-talk

There is an unmet need for the treatment of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). The extracellular matrix, including laminins, in the tumor microenvironment is important for tumor invasion and progression. In a panel of 226 patient brain glioma samples, we found a clinical correlation between the expression of tumor vascular laminin-411 (alpha 4 beta 1 gamma 1) with higher tumor grade and with expression of cancer stem cell (CSC) markers, including Notch pathway members, CD133, Nestin, and c-Myc. Laminin-411 overexpression also correlated with higher recurrence rate and shorter survival of GBM patients. We also showed that depletion of laminin-411 alpha 4 and beta 1 chains with CRISPR/Cas9 in human GBM cells led to reduced growth of resultant intracranial tumors in mice and significantly increased survival of host animals compared with mice with untreated cells. Inhibition of laminin-411 sup-pressed Notch pathway in normal and malignant human-brain cell types. A nanobioconjugate potentially suitable for clinical use and capable of crossing blood-brain barrier was designed to block laminin-411 expression. Nanobioconjugate treatment of mice carrying intracranial GBMsignificantly increased animal survival and inhibited multiple CSC markers, including the Notch axis. This study describes an efficient strategy for GBMtreatment via targeting a critical component of the tumor microenvironment largely independent of heterogeneous genetic mutations in glioblastoma. Significance: Laminin-411 expression in the glioma microenvironment correlates with Notch and other cancer stem cell markers and can be targeted by a novel, clinically translatable nanobioconjugate to inhibit glioma growth

Network evolution based on minority game with herding behavior

The minority game (MG) is used as a source of information to design complex networks where the nodes represent the playing agents. Differently from classical MG consisting of independent agents, the current model rules that connections between nodes are dynamically inserted or removed from the network according to the most recent game outputs. This way, preferential attachment based on the concept of social distance is controlled by the agents wealth. The time evolution of the network topology, quantitatively measured by usual parameters, is characterized by a transient phase followed by a steady state, where the network properties remain constant. Changes in the local landscapes around individual nodes depend on the parameters used to control network links. If agents are allowed to access the strategies of their network neighbors, a feedback effect on the network structure and game outputs is observed. Such effect, known as herding behavior, considerably changes the dependence of volatility σ on memory size: it is shown that the absolute value of σ as well as the corresponding value of memory size depend both on the network topology and on the way along which the agents make their playing decisions in each game round