20 research outputs found
Shot noise and Coulomb blockade of Andreev reflection
We derive low energy effective action for a short coherent conductor between
normal (N) and superconducting (S) reservoirs. We evaluate interaction
correction to Andreev conductance and demonstrate a close relation
between Coulomb effects and shot noise in NS systems. In the diffusive limit
doubling of both shot noise power and charge of the carriers yields four times bigger than in the normal case. Our predictions can be directly
tested in future experiments.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figure
Current fluctuations in composite conductors: Beyond the second cumulant
Employing the non-linear -model we analyze current fluctuations in
coherent composite conductors which contain a diffusive element in-between two
tunnel barriers. For such systems we explicitly evaluate the
frequency-dependent third current cumulant which also determines the leading
Coulomb interaction correction to shot noise. Our predictions can be directly
tested in future experiments.Comment: 6 pages, 1 figur
Andreev interferometer with three superconducting electrodes
We develop a quasiclassical theory of Andreev interferometers with three
superconducting electrodes. Provided tunneling interface resistance between one
superconducting electrode and the normal metal strongly exceeds two others,
significant current sensitivity to the external magnetic flux is observed only
at subgap voltages. If all barrier conductances are comparable, multiple
Andreev reflection comes into play and substantial current modulation can be
achieved in both subgap and overgap voltage regimes. Our analysis reveals a
large variety of interesting features which can be used for performance
optimization of Andreev interferometers.Comment: 9 pages, 13 figure
Electron transport and current fluctuations in short coherent conductors
Employing a real time effective action formalism we analyze electron
transport and current fluctuations in comparatively short coherent conductors
in the presence of electron-electron interactions. We demonstrate that, while
Coulomb interaction tends to suppress electron transport, it may {\it strongly
enhance} shot noise in scatterers with highly transparent conducting channels.
This effect of excess noise is governed by the Coulomb gap observed in the
current-voltage characteristics of such scatterers. We also analyze the
frequency dispersion of higher current cumulants and emphasize a direct
relation between electron-electron interaction effects and current fluctuations
in disordered mesoscopic conductors.Comment: 16 pages, 4 figure
Fluctuations of the Josephson current and electron-electron interactions in superconducting weak links
We derive a microscopic effective action for superconducting contacts with
arbitrary transmission distribution of conducting channels. Provided
fluctuations of the Josephson phase remain sufficiently small our formalism
allows to fully describe fluctuation and interaction effects in such systems.
As compared to the well studied tunneling limit our analysis yields a number of
qualitatively new features which occur due to the presence of subgap Andreev
bound states in the system. We investigate the equilibrium supercurrent noise
and evaluate the electron-electron interaction correction to the Josephson
current across superconducting contacts. At T=0 this correction is found to
vanish for fully transparent contacts indicating the absence of Coulomb effects
in this limit.Comment: 12 pages, 4 figure
Josephson current in ballistic heterostructures with spin-active interfaces
We develop a general microscopic theory of dc Josephson effect in hybrid SNS
structures with ballistic electrodes and spin-active NS interfaces. We
establish a direct relation between the spectrum of Andreev levels and the
Josephson current which contains complete information about non-trivial
interplay between Andreev reflection and spin-dependent interface scattering.
The system exhibits a rich structure of properties sensitive to spin-dependent
barrier transmissions, spin-mixing angles, relative magnetization orientation
of interfaces and the kinematic phase of scattered electrons. We analyze the
current-phase relations and identify the conditions for the presence of a
pi-junction state in the systems under consideration. We also analyze resonant
enhancement of the supercurrent in gate-voltage-driven nanojunctions. As
compared to the non-magnetic case, this effect can be strongly modified by
spin-dependent scattering at NS interfaces.Comment: 11 pages, 9 figures; version published in Phys. Rev.