192 research outputs found
Absence of an intrinsic value for the surface recombination velocity in doped semiconductors
A self-consistent expression for the surface recombination velocity and
the surface Fermi level unpinning energy as a function of light excitation
power () is presented for n- and p-type semiconductors doped above the
10 cm range. Measurements of on p-type GaAs films using a
novel polarized microluminescence technique are used to illustrate two limiting
cases of the model. For a naturally oxidized surface is described by a
power law in whereas for a passivated surface varies
logarithmically with . Furthermore, the variation in with surface state
density and bulk doping level is found to be the result of Fermi level
unpinning rather than a change in the intrinsic surface recombination velocity.
It is concluded that depends on throughout the experimentally
accessible range of excitation powers and therefore that no instrinsic value
can be determined. Previously reported values of on a range of
semiconducting materials are thus only valid for a specific excitation power.Comment: 10 pages, 7 figure
Ince's limits for confluent and double-confluent Heun equations
We find pairs of solutions to a differential equation which is obtained as a
special limit of a generalized spheroidal wave equation (this is also known as
confluent Heun equation). One solution in each pair is given by a series of
hypergeometric functions and converges for any finite value of the independent
variable , while the other is given by a series of modified Bessel functions
and converges for , where denotes a regular singularity.
For short, the preceding limit is called Ince's limit after Ince who have used
the same procedure to get the Mathieu equations from the Whittaker-Hill ones.
We find as well that, when tends to zero, the Ince limit of the
generalized spheroidal wave equation turns out to be the Ince limit of a
double-confluent Heun equation, for which solutions are provided. Finally, we
show that the Schr\"odinger equation for inverse fourth and sixth-power
potentials reduces to peculiar cases of the double-confluent Heun equation and
its Ince's limit, respectively.Comment: Submitted to Journal of Mathmatical Physic
A Note on Tachyons in the System
The periodic bounce of Born-Infeld theory of -branes is derived, and the
BPS limit of infinite period is discussed as an example of tachyon
condensation. The explicit bounce solution to the Born--Infeld action is
interpreted as an unstable fundamental string stretched between the brane and
its antibrane.Comment: 10 pages, 2 figures. v2: minor changes, acknowledgement added; v3:
explanations and references added. Final version to appear in Mod. Phys.
Lett.
Discrete spectra for confined and unconfined -a/r + b r^2 potentials in d dimensions
Exact solutions to the d-dimensional Schroedinger equation, d\geq 2, for
Coulomb plus harmonic oscillator potentials V(r)=-a/r+br^2, b>0 and a\ne 0 are
obtained. The potential V(r) is considered both in all space, and under the
condition of spherical confinement inside an impenetrable spherical box of
radius R. With the aid of the asymptotic iteration method, the exact analytic
solutions under certain constraints, and general approximate solutions, are
obtained. These exhibit the parametric dependence of the eigenenergies on a, b,
and R. The wave functions have the simple form of a product of a power
function, an exponential function, and a polynomial. In order to achieve our
results the question of determining the polynomial solutions of the
second-order differential equation
(\sum_{i=0}^{k+2}a_{k+2,i}r^{k+2-i})y"+(\sum_{i=0}^{k+1}a_{k+1,i}r^{k+1-i})y'-(\sum_{i=0}^{k}\tau_{k,i}r^{k-i})y=0
for k=0,1,2 is solved.Comment: 16 pages, 1 figur
Quasi-Exact Solvability and the direct approach to invariant subspaces
We propose a more direct approach to constructing differential operators that
preserve polynomial subspaces than the one based on considering elements of the
enveloping algebra of sl(2). This approach is used here to construct new
exactly solvable and quasi-exactly solvable quantum Hamiltonians on the line
which are not Lie-algebraic. It is also applied to generate potentials with
multiple algebraic sectors. We discuss two illustrative examples of these two
applications: an interesting generalization of the Lam\'e potential which
posses four algebraic sectors, and a quasi-exactly solvable deformation of the
Morse potential which is not Lie-algebraic.Comment: 17 pages, 3 figure
Spiked oscillators: exact solution
A procedure to obtain the eigenenergies and eigenfunctions of a quantum
spiked oscillator is presented. The originality of the method lies in an
adequate use of asymptotic expansions of Wronskians of algebraic solutions of
the Schroedinger equation. The procedure is applied to three familiar examples
of spiked oscillators
Fifth-year medical students’ perspectives on rural training in Botswana: A qualitative approach
Background. The curriculum of the Faculty of Medicine at the University of Botswana includes rural community exposure for students throughout their 5 years of training. In addition to community exposure during the first 2 years, students complete 16 weeks of family medicine and 8 weeks of public health medicine. However, as a new faculty, students’ experiences and perceptions regarding rural clinical training are not yet known.Objective. To describe the experiences and perceptions of the 5th-year medical students during their rural training and solicit their recommendations for improvement.Methods. This qualitative study used face-to-face interviews with 5th-year undergraduate medical students (N=36) at the end of their family medicine rotation in Mahalapye and Maun villages. We used a phenomenological paradigm to underpin the study. Voice-recorded interviews were transcribed and analysed using Atlas TI version 7 software (USA).Results. Three main themes were identified: (i) experiences and perceptions of the rural training environment; (ii) perceptions of the staff at rural sites; and (iii) perceptions of clinical benefits and relevance during rural training. While the majority of students perceived rural training as beneficial and valuable, a few felt that learning was compromised by limited resources and processes, such as medical equipment, internet connectivity and inadequate supervision.Conclusion. While the majority of students perceived rural training as beneficial, students identified limitations in both resources and supervision that need to be improved. Understanding students’ rural training experiences and perceptions can help the Faculty of Medicine, stakeholders and site facilitators to guide future rural training implementation
Tachyon condensation on brane sphalerons
We consider a sphaleron solution in field theory that provides a toy model
for unstable D-branes of string theory. We investigate the tachyon condensation
on a Dp-brane. The localized modes, including a tachyon, arise in the spectrum
of a sphaleron solution of a \phi^4 field theory on M^{p+1}\times S^1. We use
these modes to find a multiscalar tachyon potential living on the sphaleron
world-volume. A complete cancelation between brane tension and the minimum of
the tachyon potential is found as the size of the circle becomes small.Comment: To appear in JHEP, 13 pages, 2 eps figures, minor changes and
references adde
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