Kemiskinan dan Ketahanan Pangan di Kalangan Petani

The poverty problem is related to various variables. Generally, the cause of the poverty problem is divided into two, which are exogenous cause and endogenous cause. Based on the endogenous cause, poverty is divided into three. First, structural poverty, which is poverty that caused by the existence of policy, regulation, and the institutional that obstruct the productivity and mobility of the society. Second, cultural poverty, a poverty which is caused by behaviors and values which are applied by the society so they productivity is low. These are the reaction and adaptation upon their marginal position in social stratification. Third, natural poverty caused by the inadequate natural condition, such as the lack natural resources or the disadvantage of geographical condition. Meanwhile, for the endogenous cause, the poverty is caused by the weakness and physical flaws (physical defect or old age), the low the human resources quality (the low of education quality, health, skill, and competence), and the weak of individual character (fatalistic, apathetic, depending, helplessness, low self-esteem, easily discouraged, uncreative and not innovative, etc.). Although it can be differentiate, both the three of them are related and influential

The Involvement of Women in the Production of Emping Melinjo (Melinjo Chips) to Improve the Economy of Rural Farmer Household

Women's involvement in the production of melinjo chips were related to the low educational level and less skill. They only had skill in producing melinjo chips that they inherited from their parents. Women who worked to produce melinjo chips were only to help their husband to improve their household economy. In addition, collector companies only recognized man as workers; therefore, only man who got the salary. Qualitative research was used as the research method with 10 informants consisted of men and women. Research result indicated that the involvement of women in the production of melinjo chips was marginalized where salary was not calculated despite their involvement in the whole production process. Moreover, there was no recognition for women's work and they had no health insurance and social protection from the collector companies

Partisipasi Masyarakat Dalam Pengelolaan Dan Pemanfaatan Dana Desa Di Desa Keji Kabupaten Semarang

IntisariArtikel ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan partisipasi masyarakat dalam pengelolaan dan pemanfaatan Dana Desa. Penelitian ini berlokasi di Desa Keji Kecamatan Ungaran Barat Kabupaten Semarang dengan subyek penelitiannya adalah masyarakat Desa Keji dan informan utamanya tokoh masyarakat, BPD dan perangkat desa. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif yang mendasarkan penelitiannya pada deskripsi dari data lapangan. Data diperoleh melalui observasi, wawancara, FGD, dan studi dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, pengetahuan masyarakat terhadap dana desa masih terbatas. Informasi tentang pengelolaan dana desa mereka dapatkan dari aparat desa dan warga masyarakat lain melalui gethok tular. Dana desa di Desa Keji yang berjumlah Rp 608.057.000 diorientasikan pada pembangunan infrastruktur, seperti jalan paving, talud, dan jembatan sederhana. Dalam pemanfaatan dana desa ini, masyarakat dilibatkan dalam seluruh prosesnya mulai dari perencanaan, pelaksanaan, hingga monitoring dan evaluasi kegiatan. Penelitian ini juga menyoroti tentang partispasi masyarakat di Desa Keji dalam pengelolaan dana desa masih sebatas aktifitas berperan serta yang yang formal, berpusat dari aparat desa, dan tertib administrasi

Peranan Perempuan dalam Masyarakat Pertanian di Kabupaten Temanggung (Studi Kasus Perempuan Petani Tembakau di Desa Tlahap Kecamatan Kledung)

This is a qualitative research in the context of role, time allocation, income contribution, and women tobacco farmer contribution on decision making. The data source are collected through observation and in-depth interview with 5 families, including women tobacco farmer, their husbands, and their children, to fnd the description about women role in public and domestic activities. The research questions are: (1) what are the roles of women tobacco farmer in Tlahap Village Kledung Subdistrict Temanggung Regency? (2) how they allocate their time between domestic and public activities? and (3) how is their contribution in increasing family income? The result of this research shows that the women tobacco farmers have high contribution in their family income, around Rp. 2.000.000,00 – Rp. 3.000.000,00 every harvest, twice a year. Besides their work as farmer, they have side job that increase their family social economics condition. Women tobacco farmer work in farm about 9 hours a day and 5 hours in home, compare with their husband that only work 9 hours in farm. This fact shows that women tobacco farmer activities are longer than their husband