23 research outputs found

    Individual values of muscle sympathetic nerve activity (burst frequency in bursts/min) measured after clean air and ozone exposure at rest (top), at the end of maximum inspiratory apnea (middle) and during late phase II of the Valsalva maneuver (bottom) for subjects exposed first to clean air (empty circles, n = 4) and for subjects exposed first to ozone (filled circles, n = 7).

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    <p>Individual values of muscle sympathetic nerve activity (burst frequency in bursts/min) measured after clean air and ozone exposure at rest (top), at the end of maximum inspiratory apnea (middle) and during late phase II of the Valsalva maneuver (bottom) for subjects exposed first to clean air (empty circles, n = 4) and for subjects exposed first to ozone (filled circles, n = 7).</p

    Differential cell count in induced sputum at baseline and the exposure effect adjusted for period 6 hours after the start of exposure to ozone compared to clean air.

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    <p>Mean ± SEM, n = 14, CI confidence limits, g = gram, perc  =  per cent, cells/g  =  cells/gram, neutros  =  neutrophil granulocytes, macros  =  macrophages, eos  =  eosinophil granulocytes, lymphos  =  lymphocytes, epis  =  epithelial cells.</p

    Heart rate variability (HRV), blood pressure variability (BPV) and baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) data measured on both study days at rest and during deep breathing.

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    <p>mean values ± SEM, TP =  total power, LF  =  low frequency, HF  =  high frequency, LF/HF  =  LF to HF ratio, LF-SBP  =  Low frequency power of systolic blood pressure variability, BRSup  =  baroreflex sensitivity calculated by the sequence technique for increasing blood pressure, BRSdown  =  baroreflex sensitivity calculated by the sequence technique for decreasing blood pressure, BRSLF =  baroreflex sensitivity calculated by cross spectral analysis in the low frequency band, BRSHF =  baroreflex sensitivity calculated by cross spectral analysis in the high frequency band.</p

    Port025-2017-0814-BancaPDM

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    aGerman unit costs according to Bock et al. [19]. bIndirect costs only for subjects of employable age < 65 years. cWork absence only for full-time and regular part-time employees. (DOC 40 kb

    Additional file 1: Table S1. of Assessing health-related quality of life in COPD: comparing generic and disease-specific instruments with focus on comorbidities

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    Correlations between HRQL instruments and with GOLD grade and BODE as clinical measures: Spearman Correlation Coefficients. Table S2. Adjusted mean EQ-5D utilities, EQ-5D VAS, CAT score, SGRQ total scores for COPD grade 1–4 stratified for group with low (≤3) or high (>3) number of comorbidities. Table S3. Results of regression models considering interactions between COPD grades and low/high number of comorbidity. Figure S1. Lifetime prevalence of self-reported comorbidities (%) in the study population. Figure S2. HRQL scores by FEV1 % pred.: non-parametric quantile regression: quantile fit plots for FEV1 % pred. (DOC 258 kb
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