Proteases in parasite organisms

Las proteasas tienen gran importancia en la biología y Fisiología de los seres vivos, por lo que no resulta extraño que estas enzimas hayan sido encontradas en diferentes organismos parásitos implicadas en una gran variedad de procesos propios del parásito, con las procesos de nutrición o de muda y desarrollo así como en las interacciones con el hospedador al invadir sus tejidos digerir sus proteínas o evadir su respuesta inmune (Mc Kerrow 1989) los últimos trabajos apuntan a la posibilidad de utilizar estas enzimas en el control de las parasitosis tanto como fuente de antígenos útiles para la realización de técnicas inmunodiagnósticas como material inmunógeno aplicable en inmunoprofilaxis como blancos de acción de nuevos fármacos antiparasitarios (Song y Chapeil 1993 Williams y Cooms 1995 Armas et al 1995a). Por todo ellos ya que posiblemente el mayor conocimiento de estas enzimas contribuirá a un mejor control de las parasitosis a continuación pasaremos a realizar una revisión bibliográfica de lo realizado al respecto en las últimos años siguiendo una ordenación en cuanto a su estructura química.Proteases have been implicated in the most important biological and physiological processes of the living organisms although is not rare thing to find them implicated in a variety of activities of the parasite (nutrition or exchysement and growth) as interactions with the host (invading their tissues degrading their proteins or avoiding its immune response) (Mc Kerrow 1989). Recent works propose the possibility of using these enzymes in the control of the parasites, as antigens for making immunodiagnosis or immunoprophylaxis as well as new targets from alternative antiparasitic treatment (Song and Chapeil 1993 Williams and Cooms 1995 Armas et al 1995a). The present revision was made according to the chemical structure of the enzymes.Facultad de Ciencias Veterinaria

Proteases in parasite organisms

Las proteasas tienen gran importancia en la biología y Fisiología de los seres vivos, por lo que no resulta extraño que estas enzimas hayan sido encontradas en diferentes organismos parásitos implicadas en una gran variedad de procesos propios del parásito, con las procesos de nutrición o de muda y desarrollo así como en las interacciones con el hospedador al invadir sus tejidos digerir sus proteínas o evadir su respuesta inmune (Mc Kerrow 1989) los últimos trabajos apuntan a la posibilidad de utilizar estas enzimas en el control de las parasitosis tanto como fuente de antígenos útiles para la realización de técnicas inmunodiagnósticas como material inmunógeno aplicable en inmunoprofilaxis como blancos de acción de nuevos fármacos antiparasitarios (Song y Chapeil 1993 Williams y Cooms 1995 Armas et al 1995a). Por todo ellos ya que posiblemente el mayor conocimiento de estas enzimas contribuirá a un mejor control de las parasitosis a continuación pasaremos a realizar una revisión bibliográfica de lo realizado al respecto en las últimos años siguiendo una ordenación en cuanto a su estructura química.Proteases have been implicated in the most important biological and physiological processes of the living organisms although is not rare thing to find them implicated in a variety of activities of the parasite (nutrition or exchysement and growth) as interactions with the host (invading their tissues degrading their proteins or avoiding its immune response) (Mc Kerrow 1989). Recent works propose the possibility of using these enzymes in the control of the parasites, as antigens for making immunodiagnosis or immunoprophylaxis as well as new targets from alternative antiparasitic treatment (Song and Chapeil 1993 Williams and Cooms 1995 Armas et al 1995a). The present revision was made according to the chemical structure of the enzymes.Facultad de Ciencias Veterinaria

<i>Gymnorhynchus gigas</i>: taxonomy, morphology, biology and sanitary aspects

En el presente trabajo se realiza una revisión exhaustiva de distintos aspectos que se conocen hasta el momento del cestodo Gymnorhynchus gigas, parásito de la palometa o japuta (Brama raii), uno de los peces de mayor consumo humano. La presente revisión recoge y analiza, todo lo que se sabe hasta el momento acerca de su taxonomía, morfología, biología e interés sanitario; haciendo especial hincapié en este último aspecto, ya que, en la actualidad, cada vez se cuestiona con mayor asiduidad la patogenicidad de este parásito que, en un principio, y dado que no es parásito humano, pudiera ser considerado inocuo, pero los resultados obtenidos en estudios posteriores, así como la aparición de gran número de individuos intolerantes al pescado nos hacen sospechar de su posible implicancia en el desarrollo de reacciones adversas.In the present paper we realized an extensive revision of the cestode Gymnorhynchus gigas, parasite of the Ray's Bream (Black sea bream), one of the fish with the most number of consumers. This work is about all unknown until this moment in reference a its taxonomy, morphology, biology and sanitary interest. We are specially attention in the last aspect, because in the actually is very studied the pathogenicity of this parasite which in the beginning was considerate innocuous, at not be human parasite, but posterior studies has determined its possible implication in adversus reactions.Facultad de Ciencias Veterinaria

Comparison of cholinesterase activities in the excretion-secretion products of

The presence of cholinesterases (ChE) is reported in T. pseudospiralis excretion-secretion products (ESP) by spectrophotometry method, using acetylthiocholine (ATCI) and butyrilthiocholine (BTCI) as substrates. By inhibition assays, we found that T. pseudospiralis release both acetyl- and butiryl-cholinesterases (AchE and BchE, respectively). The sedimentation coefficientes of these enzymes were determined by sucrose density gradient. We studied the in vivo ChE secretion by immunoblot assays using AchE from Electrophorus (electric eel) and sera from normal or infected mice with T. pseudospiralis or T. spiralis. The presence of anti-AchE antibodies was only demonstrated in the sera from T. pseudospiralis infected mice. Moreover the in vivo secretion was corroborated by the high difference determinate between the ChE activity of the immuno complexes from T. pseudospiralis infected sera and the immunocomplexes from T. spiralis infected sera as well as normal sera. Finally, we analyzed the effect of the organophosphate NeguvónR (metrifonate) on the ChE activity from the J. pseudospiralis ESP. The drug inhibits in part this activity. Moreover NeguvónR (metrifonate) showed a high activity against the T. pseudospiralis viability

Comparison of cholinesterase activities in the excretion-secretion products of Trichinella pseudospiralis and Trichinella spiralis muscle larvae

The presence of cholinesterases (ChE) is reported in T. pseudospiralis excretion-secretion products (ESP) by spectrophotometry method, using acetylthiocholine (ATCI) and butyrilthiocholine (BTCI) as substrates. By inhibition assays, we found that T. pseudospiralis release both acetyl- and butiryl-cholinesterases (AchE and BchE, respectively). The sedimentation coefficientes of these enzymes were determined by sucrose density gradient. We studied the in vivo ChE secretion by immunoblot assays using AchE from Electrophorus (electric eel) and sera from normal or infected mice with T. pseudospiralis or T. spiralis. The presence of anti-AchE antibodies was only demonstrated in the sera from T. pseudospiralis infected mice. Moreover the in vivo secretion was corroborated by the high difference determinate between the ChE activity of the immuno complexes from T. pseudospiralis infected sera and the immunocomplexes from T. spiralis infected sera as well as normal sera. Finally, we analyzed the effect of the organophosphate NeguvónR (metrifonate) on the ChE activity from the J. pseudospiralis ESP. The drug inhibits in part this activity. Moreover NeguvónR (metrifonate) showed a high activity against the T. pseudospiralis viability

Presence of cholinesterases in Echinococcus granulosus protoscolices

Cholinesterases were detected in protoscolices of Echinococcus granulosus spectrophotometrically and electrophoretically. To characterize these activities as acetylcholinesterases or pseudocholinesterases, BW284C51 and the organophosphate anthelmintic Neguvón® were assayed as specific inhibitors of acetylcholinesterases, while Iso-OMPA was employed as specific inhibitor of pseudocholinesterases. We concluded that these Cholinesterase (ChE) activities would be considered as possible targets in chemotherapy

Presence of cholinesterases in

Cholinesterases were detected in protoscolices of Echinococcus granulosus spectrophotometrically and electrophoretically. To characterize these activities as acetylcholinesterases or pseudocholinesterases, BW284C51 and the organophosphate anthelmintic Neguvón® were assayed as specific inhibitors of acetylcholinesterases, while Iso-OMPA was employed as specific inhibitor of pseudocholinesterases. We concluded that these Cholinesterase (ChE) activities would be considered as possible targets in chemotherapy