Комплексное лечение пателлофеморального болевого синдрома у спортсменов после реконструкции передней крестообразной связки коленного сустава

Patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS, patellar chondromalacia) after knee surgery is an important problem in sports medicine, solutions to which have not been developed enough.Objective: to determine the effect of complex treatment using an injectable chondroprotector and special exercise therapy on the functional state, statokinetic stability and severity of PFPS in athletes after reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) of the knee joint.Patients and methods. An observational randomized controlled trial included 40 athletes after ACL reconstruction. The patients were divided into two groups. In the control group (n=20), a special rehabilitation technique was used after ACL reconstruction. In the main group (n=20), along with a similar method of rehabilitation, patients received a course of intramuscular injections of Alflutop (1 ml, No. 20). The duration of rehabilitation treatment was 1 month.Pain was assessed using a numerical rating scale and knee joint function using the Kujala questionnaire, statokinetic stability was assessed before and after complex rehabilitation treatment.Results and discussion. One month after the start of rehabilitation measures, both groups showed a significant decrease in pain intensity and an improvement in the functional state of the knee joint according to the Kujala questionnaire. The study of statokinetic stability indicators showed that after the course of rehabilitation in both groups, when standing with open eyes, there was a decrease in the area of the common center of pressure — CCOP (p<0.05) and an improvement in statokinetic stability, and when standing with eyes closed, a decrease in the CCOP area (p<0.05). At the same time, the difference in the results before and after the course of rehabilitation in the main group was significantly greater than in the control (p<0.05). The speed of the CCOP movement with open eyes in both groups did not change significantly: when standing with eyes closed, its positive dynamics was revealed after the course of rehabilitation (p<0.05).Conclusion. Intramuscular SYSADOA injection therapy, which was used as part of a rehabilitation program, reduced pain and improved the function of the knee joint and had a positive effect on statokinetic stability in athletes after ACL reconstruction.Пателлофеморальный болевой синдром (ПФБС, хондромаляция надколенника) после операций на коленном суставе — важная проблема спортивной медицины, методы решения которой недостаточно разработаны.Цель исследования — определение влияния комплексного лечения с использованием инъекционного хондропротектора и специальной лечебной физкультуры на функциональное состояние, статокинетическую устойчивость и степень выраженности ПФБС у спортсменов после реконструкции передней крестообразной связки (ПКС) коленного сустава.Пациенты и методы. В наблюдательное рандомизированное контролируемое исследование включено 40 спортсменов, перенесших реконструкцию ПКС. Пациенты были разделены на две группы. В контрольной группе (n=20) использовалась специальная методика реабилитации после реконструкции ПКС. В основной группе (n=20) наряду с аналогичной методикой реабилитации пациенты получали курс внутримышечных инъекций (по 1 мл, № 20) препарата Алфлутоп. Длительность восстановительных мероприятий — 1 мес.Проводили оценку боли по числовой рейтинговой шкале и функции коленного сустава по опроснику Kujala, а также исследование статокинетической устойчивости до и после комплексного восстановительного лечения.Результаты и обсуждение. Через 1 мес после начала восстановительных мероприятий в обеих группах отмечены значимое уменьшение интенсивности боли и улучшение функционального состояния коленного сустава по опроснику Kujala.Исследование показателей статокинетической устойчивости, показало, что после курса реабилитации в обеих группах при стоянии с открытыми глазами отмечались уменьшение площади общего центра давления — ОЦД(р<0,05) и улучшение статокинетической устойчивости, а при стоянии с закрытыми глазами — уменьшение площади ОЦД (р<0,05). При этом разница результатов до и после курса реабилитации в основной группе была значимо большей по сравнению с таковой в контроле (р<0,05). Скорость смещения ОЦД с открытыми глазами в обеих группах существенно не менялась: при стоянии с закрытыми глазами выявлена ее положительная динамика после курса реабилитации (р<0,05).Заключение. Внутримышечная терапия препаратом SYSADOA, применявшаяся в рамках реабилитационной программы, позволила уменьшить боль и улучшить функциональные возможности коленного сустава, положительно повлияла на показатели статокинетической устойчивости у спортсменов, перенесших реконструкцию ПКС

A tudor domain protein SPINDLIN1 interacts with the mRNA-binding protein SERBP1 and is involved in mouse oocyte meiotic resumption

Mammalian oocytes are arrested at prophase I of meiosis, and resume meiosis prior to ovulation. Coordination of meiotic arrest and resumption is partly dependent on the post-transcriptional regulation of maternal transcripts. Here, we report that, SPINDLIN1 (SPIN1), a maternal protein containing Tudor-like domains, interacts with a known mRNA-binding protein SERBP1, and is involved in regulating maternal transcripts to control meiotic resumption. Mouse oocytes deficient for Spin1 undergo normal folliculogenesis, but are defective in resuming meiosis. SPIN1, via its Tudor-like domain, forms a ribonucleoprotein complex with SERBP1, and regulating mRNA stability and/or translation. The mRNA for the cAMP-degrading enzyme, PDE3A, is reduced in Spin1 mutant oocytes, possibly contributing to meiotic arrest. Our study demonstrates that Spin1 regulates maternal transcripts post-transcriptionally and is involved in meiotic resumption.Ting Gang Chew, Anne Peaston, Ai Khim Lim, Chanchao Lorthongpanich, Barbara B. Knowles, Davor Solte

Совет экспертов: хроническая боль в области плечевого сустава как мультидисциплинарная проблема

Chronic shoulder pain (CSP) is a clinical syndrome associated with inflammatory and degenerative musculoskeletal changes, characterized by pain in the shoulder that persists for at least 3 months, arising or aggravated by functional activity in this area. The frequency of CSP in the modern population reaches 20–33%, it is one of the leading causes of severe suffering, disability and seeking for medical attention. The main causes of CSP are shoulder rotator impingement syndrome (subacromial impingement syndrome), calcific tendinitis, adhesive capsulitis, shoulder and acromioclavicular joint osteoarthritis. Accurate diagnosis of these diseases is necessary for the correct choice of treatment. Differential diagnosis is carried out using tests that evaluate the function of the shoulder joint and the rotator cuff muscles (Neer, Speed, Hawkins tests, etc.), as well as using instrumental methods (ultrasound, magnetic resonance tomography, X-ray). In CSP, it is necessary to exclude septic, oncological, visceral, systemic rheumatic and other diseases, as well as musculoskeletal pathology of the cervical spine, upper chest and back, which can cause pain in the shoulder region.Therapy for diseases that cause CSP should be personalized and complex, aimed at maximum pain control and restoration of function. For this purpose, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, local injection therapy with glucocorticoids, hyaluronic acid, and platelet-rich plasma are used. In some cases, muscle relaxants, antidepressants, anticonvulsants, local injections of botulinum toxin type A are indicated. Physiotherapy and medical rehabilitation methods play a fundamental role in the treatment of CSP.Хроническая боль в области плечевого сустава (ХБОП) – клинический синдром, связанный с воспалительным и дегенеративным поражением структур скелетно-мышечной системы, характеризующийся персистирующей в течение не менее 3 мес болью в области плечевого сустава (ПС), возникающей или усиливающейся при функциональной активности в данной области. Частота ХБОП в современной популяции достигает 20–33%, это одна из ведущих причин серьезных страданий, утраты трудоспособности и обращений за медицинской помощью.Основными причинами ХБОП являются синдром сдавления ротаторов плеча (субакромиальный импинджмент-синдром), кальцифицирующий тендинит, адгезивный капсулит, остеоартрит ПС и акромиально-ключичного сустава. Точная диагностика этих заболеваний необходима для правильного выбора тактики лечения. Дифференциальная диагностика осуществляется с использованием тестов, оценивающих функцию ПС и мышц вращающей манжеты плеча (тесты Нира, Спида, Хокинса и др.), а также инструментальных методов исследования (ультразвуковое, магнитно-резонансное, рентгенологическое). При ХБОП необходимо исключить септические, онкологические, висцеральные, системные ревматические и другие заболевания, а также скелетно-мышечную патологию шейного отдела позвоночника, верхней части груди и спины, которая может быть причиной боли в области ПС.Терапия заболеваний, вызывающих ХБОП, должна быть персонифицированной и комплексной, направленной на максимально полный контроль боли и восстановление функции. С этой целью используются нестероидные противовоспалительные препараты, локальная инъекционная терапия глюкокортикоидами, гиалуроновой кислотой, обогащенной тромбоцитами плазмой. В ряде случаев показаны миорелаксанты, антидепрессанты, антиконвульсанты, локальные инъекции ботулотоксина типа А. Принципиальную роль в лечении ХБОП играют методы физиотерапии и медицинской реабилитации

The Phylogenetic Origin of oskar Coincided with the Origin of Maternally Provisioned Germ Plasm and Pole Cells at the Base of the Holometabola

The establishment of the germline is a critical, yet surprisingly evolutionarily labile, event in the development of sexually reproducing animals. In the fly Drosophila, germ cells acquire their fate early during development through the inheritance of the germ plasm, a specialized maternal cytoplasm localized at the posterior pole of the oocyte. The gene oskar (osk) is both necessary and sufficient for assembling this substance. Both maternal germ plasm and oskar are evolutionary novelties within the insects, as the germline is specified by zygotic induction in basally branching insects, and osk has until now only been detected in dipterans. In order to understand the origin of these evolutionary novelties, we used comparative genomics, parental RNAi, and gene expression analyses in multiple insect species. We have found that the origin of osk and its role in specifying the germline coincided with the innovation of maternal germ plasm and pole cells at the base of the holometabolous insects and that losses of osk are correlated with changes in germline determination strategies within the Holometabola. Our results indicate that the invention of the novel gene osk was a key innovation that allowed the transition from the ancestral late zygotic mode of germline induction to a maternally controlled establishment of the germline found in many holometabolous insect species. We propose that the ancestral role of osk was to connect an upstream network ancestrally involved in mRNA localization and translational control to a downstream regulatory network ancestrally involved in executing the germ cell program

Termination of translation in bacteria may be modulated via specific interaction between peptide chain release factor 2 and the last peptidyl-tRNA(Ser/Phe).

The 5' context of 671 Escherichia coli stop codons UGA and UAA has been compared with the context of stop-like codons (UAC, UAU and CAA for UAA; UGG, UGC, UGU and CGA for UGA). We have observed highly significant deviations from the expected nucleotide distribution: adenine is over-represented whereas pyrimidines are under-represented in position -2 upstream from UAA. Uridine is over-represented in position -3 upstream from UGA. Lysine codons are preferable immediately prior to UAA. A complete set of codons for serine and the phenylalanine UUC codon are preferable immediately 5' to UGA. This non-random codon distribution before stop codons could be considered as a molecular device for modulation of translation termination. We have found that certain fragment of E. coli release factor 2 (RF2) (amino acids 93-114) is similar to the amino acid sequences of seryl-tRNA synthetase (positions 10-19 and 80-93) and of beta (small) subunit (positions 72-94) of phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase from E. coli. Three-dimensional structure of E. coli seryl-tRNA synthetase is known [1]: Its N-terminus represents an antiparallel alpha-helical coiled-coil domain and contains a region homologous to RF2. On the basis of the above-mentioned results we assume that a specific interaction between RF2 and the last peptidyl-tRNA(Ser/Phe) occurs during polypeptide chain termination in prokaryotic ribosomes

Mutations in RNAs of both ribosomal subunits cause defects in translation termination.

Mutations in RNAs of both subunits of the Escherichia coli ribosome caused defects in catalysis of peptidyl-tRNA hydrolysis in a realistic in vitro termination system. Assaying the two codon-dependent cytoplasmic proteins that drive termination, RF1 and RF2, we observed large defects with RF2 but not with RF1, a result consistent with the in vivo properties of the mutants. Our study presents the first direct in vitro evidence demonstrating the involvement of RNAs from both the large and the small ribosomal subunits in catalysis of peptidyl-tRNA hydrolysis during termination of protein biosynthesis. The results and conclusions are of general significance since the rRNA nucleotides studied have been virtually universally conserved throughout evolution. Our findings suggest a novel role for rRNAs of both subunits as molecular transmitters of a signal for termination

Efficiency and safety of magnetotherapy in the treatment of osteoarthritis. Expert council (3 june 2020, Moscow)

The modern concept for the treatment of osteoarthritis is based on the complex use of drugs, non-drug methods, medical and social rehabilitation. At the same time, non-pharmacological methods play an important role, given the natural combination of osteoarthritis and serious comorbid diseases, which significantly increase the risk of developing dangerous drug complications. One of the most common non-drug methods that is widely used in inpatient and outpatient treatment of osteoarthritis is magnetic therapy. During the Council of Experts, with the participation of therapists, rheumatologists, rehabilitologists and physiotherapists, the issues of the scientific substantiation of the use of magnetic therapy in clinical practice, the methodology of this method of treatment, the existence of an evidence base for its effectiveness and safety, as well as the advisability of including magnetic therapy in the national recommendations for the treatment of osteoarthritis were discussed