UANG KEPENG DALAM PERSPEKTIF MASYARAKAT HINDU BALI DI ERA GLOBALISASI

The use of kepeng (chinese coin) in Bali is the result of the mixture of cultures among Chinese ethnic with Balinese ethnic which still survive to this day. This research aims to know the perspectives of Hindu society in Bali regarding the existence of kepeng and to know the preservation of kepeng in the middle of globalization era. This research uses qualitative method. Data were collected through observation, interview, and documents tracking. Data analysis uses qualitative analysis through data reduction, presentation, and conclusion. The result of this research shows that the Hindu society in Bali has various perspectives regarding the existence of kepeng. Kepeng has religious meaning because it closely associated with religious ideology. It also has economic and mythical meaning for the society. High need of kepeng causes reproduction and innovation to maintain its sustainability. Penggunaan uang kepeng di Bali merupakan hasil percampuran budaya antara etnis Tionghoa dengan etnis Bali yang masih bertahan hingga saat ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perspektif masyarakat Hindu di Bali terhadap keberadaan uang kepeng dan untuk mengetahui pelestarian uang kepeng di tengah era globalisasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan observasi, wawancara, dan penelusuran dokumen. Analisis data menggunakan analisis kualitatif melalui tahap reduksi data, penyajian data, dan pengambilan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa masyarakat Hindu di Bali memiliki berbagai perspektif mengenai keberadaan uang kepeng. Uang kepeng memiliki makna religius karena berkaitan erat dengan ideologi agama. Uang kepeng juga memiliki makna ekonomi dan mistis bagi masyarakat. Tingginya kebutuhan terhadap uang kepeng menimbulkan upaya reproduksi dan inovasi untuk menjaga kelestarian uang kepeng

EKSISTENSI KAMPUNG ADAT DI SUMBA TENGAH

This study aims to see how traditional villages become a marker of the cultural identity of the people of Central Sumba, and also to determine the ideology that exists within traditional villages, and other factors that also lies behind that. The theory used to examine this research problem are semiotic theory, ideological theory, and theory practices. Data collection techniques were carried out by interviews, observations, documentation, and surveys. Data analysis techniques used contextual analysis and comparative analysis. The cultural identity of the peoples of Central Sumba are characterized by traditional houses, rituals of marapu, and megalithic traditions. The existence of traditional villages in Central Sumba is motivated by the ideology of marapu. Besides that, the Regional Government of Central Sumba Regency also gives efforts to preserve traditional villages. The way the indigenous community overcomes resistance and adaptation are the main points in maintaining the existence of traditional villages. Tradisi megalitik di Sumba tidak terlepas dari komunitas adat yang melangsungkan tradisi marapu. Komunitas adat di Sumba Tengah hidup dalam suatu kawasan yang disebut kampung adat. Perkembangan globalisasi telah menyebabkan agama-agama modern masuk ke dalam tatanan masyarakat Sumba. Meskipun demikian, komunitas adat tetap eksis ditengah pergulatan modernitas yang cenderung mengikis kebudayan-kebudayaan lokal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat bagaimana kampung adat menjadi penanda identitas budaya masyarakat Sumba. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga bertujuan untuk mengetahui ideologi dibalik tetap eksisnya kampung adat dan faktor-faktor lain yang melatar belakangi eksistensi kampung adat di Sumba Tengah. Teori yang digunakan untuk mengkaji masalah penelitian ini adalah teori semiotika, teori ideologi, dan teori praktik yang digunakan secara eklektik. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode wawancara, observasi, dokumentasi, dan survei untuk membandingkan tradisi dan tinggalan budaya antar kampung adat. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan analisis kontekstual dan analisis komparatif. Identitas budaya masyarakat Sumba Tengah ditandai dengan rumah adat, ritual marapu, dan tradisi megalitik. Eksistensi kampung adat di Sumba Tengah didukung oleh ideologi marapu. Selain itu, perkembangan industri pariwisata Sumba Tengah telah menjadikan kampung adat sebagai objek wisata handalan, yang berperan dalam menjaga eksistensi komunitas di kampung adat. Pemerintah Daerah Kabupaten Sumba Tengah, juga turut berperan dalam upaya pelestarian kampung adat dengan melakukan langkah-langkah pelestarian budaya. Cara komunitas adat mengatasi resistensi dan adaptasi terhadap perkembangan agama-agama modern menjadi kunci utama dalam menjaga eksistensi kampung adat di Sumba Tengah

Study of Environmental Isotopes and Hydrochemical Characteristics of Groundwater from Springs at Archaeological Sites in Dompu Regency, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia

The existence of groundwater sources in several springs at archaeological sites in Dompu Regency, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia, has been widely used by the surrounding community for various needs. However, from a number of the springs, there are springs whose water discharge has decreased. Meanwhile, from a number of existing springs, there is one spring whose groundwater is used every day even though it tastes a bit brackish. For this reason, it is important to conduct a groundwater study in the area with the aim of knowing the characteristics, preliminary identification of recharge areas and quality of groundwater in the study area through an environmental isotope and hydrochemical. The study was conducted by taking a number of groundwater samples from several archaeological sites in Dompu Regency. The results of environmental isotope and hydrochemical analysis show that there are 2 springs (2 archaeological sites), namely the Riwo and Ncona springs, because these two areas are part of the recharge area, which must be preserved by not clearing forest land. Meanwhile, for the quality of groundwater, of the 5 springs located at the archaeological sites, only the Hodo spring is of “poor quality” with the Na–Cl water type; it is unfit for drinking water

Song Gede: Situs Gua Hunian Sejak Masa Pleistosen Akhir di Pulau Nusa Penida, Bali: Song Gede Site: Cave Dwelling Site Since Late Pleistocene Period in the Nusa Penida Island, Bali

Prehistoric archaeological research in Indonesia recently showed the existence of dwelling caves from the late Pleistocene, starting from Sumatra, Java, Sulawesi to East Nusa Tenggara. The Song Gede site is one of the dwelling caves from the late Pleistocene which was very interesting to be discused, especially when tracing the distribution of early modern humans in Southeast Asia. The location of the Song Gede site is considered to have a very strategic position because it was located at the eastern end of the Sunda Shelf towards Wallacea. The purpose of this paper is to study the chronology of the Song Gede Site and review the results of research at the Song Gede Site as an ocupation site that is on the migration route in the southern part of the Sunda Shelf to the Wallacea region or vice versa. The research method used was stratigraphic analysis, contextual and carbon dating methods. The results showed that the Song Gede Site has been inhabited since the late Pleistocene to the Holocene. The human living in the cave uses various natural resources to meet their daily needs, such as the use of rock materials, and the rest of the animal remains for tools and the use of animal and plants to fulfill their daily consumption