Peran Wanita dalam Rumah Tangga Penganut Hindu Dharma Desa Pepuro Barat Kecamatan Wotu Kabupaten Luwu Timur

Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa gambaran kehidupan rumah tangga Penganut Hindu Dharma di Desa Pepuro Barat Kecamatan Wotu Kabupaten Luwu Timur ialah wanita di desa ini memiliki perbedaan dengan wanita yang ada di sekitarannya yaitu wanita bugis, dalam kehidupan sehariharinya wanita penganut Hindu Dharma lebih kuat dalam hal mencari nafkah. Kemudian dalam hal keagamaannya mereka mempercaya Kitab Weda sebagai pedoman dalam kehidupannya, dan berasaskan pada empat jalan yakni, Karma marga, Bakti Marga, Raja Marga, dan Jenana Marga. Yakni dipercayakan bahwa empat jalan itu menuju surga. Wanita Hindu Dharma berperan aktif dalam memenuhi kebutuhan rumah tangganya dikarenakan itu sudah merupakan budaya mereka yang turun temurun dari Nenek Moyang, dan memang harus dilakukan karena mayoritas wanita di sana seperti itu. Serta sebagai bentuk baktinya kepada suami

On the articulation and the synthesis of space in architectural and urban design

Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, 1986.MICROFICHE COPY AVAILABLE IN ARCHIVES AND ROTCHIncludes bibliographical references (leaves 182-189).The problem of observer in contemporary physics, or Heisenberg's principle of uncertainty and Einstein's theory of relativity had considerable strong impact on our notion of time and space. We are in the irreversible arrow of time and space continuum, and we call them lived space and lived time, which are completely different from abstract time and space in mathematics and physics. At the same time we came to know that we can only understand the world within the limit of our cognitive process. In cognitive process acquisition of language is essential to our having the capacity to convert sensory information into digital form. So our knowledge and belief are selective and exclusive. Epi-genetic process in biology and linguistics placed an impact on the understanding of the repetitive productions of architectural spaces in the city. What we did and are doing in the architectural and urban design process is regarded as something epi-genetic. To succeed to the precedents means one of the evolutional processes of the urban space from the genetic point of view, and Contextualism is regarded as one pattern of symbiosis from the ecological point of view. Design of architectural and urban space cannot do away with models. In decision making process, typological alternative studies are useful for selecting the most favorable ideas. This operation is truly regarded as a simulating process in our model of thought, which is similar to the mathematical or physical point of view. In this process decision is ultimately dependent on the characteristics of our cognitive process. Every selection is done thorough the mesh of our experiences and knowledge. This cognitive process transforms pattern of our sensation from the highly informationized urban space reacently. Various media have gradually influenced our visual experiences in the city.by Takashi Arioka.M.S

Bulk cavitation in model gasoline injectors and their correlation with the instantaneous liquid flow field

It is well established that spray characteristics from automotive injectors depend on, among other factors, whether cavitation arises in the injector nozzle. Bulk cavitation, which refers to the cavitation development distant from walls and thus far from the streamline curvature associated with salient points on a wall, has not been thoroughly investigated experimentally in injector nozzles. Consequently, it is not clear what is causing this phenomenon. The research objective of this study was to visualize cavitation in three different injector models (designated as Type A, Type B, and Type C) and quantify the liquid flow field in relation to the bulk cavitation phenomenon. In all models, bulk cavitation was present. We expected this bulk cavitation to be associated with a swirling flow with its axis parallel to that of the nozzle. However, liquid velocity measurements obtained through particle image velocimetry (PIV) demonstrated the absence of a swirling flow structure in the mean flow field just upstream of the nozzle exit, at a plane normal to the hypothetical axis of the injector. Consequently, we applied proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) to analyze the instantaneous liquid velocity data records in order to capture the dominant coherent structures potentially related to cavitation. It was found that the most energetic mode of the liquid flow field corresponded to the expected instantaneous swirling flow structure when bulk cavitation was present in the flow

Swallowing rehabilitation with nutrition therapy improves clinical outcome in patients with dysphagia at an acute care hospital

Dysphagia is associated with nutritional deficits and increased risk of aspiration pneumonia. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the impact of nutrition therapy for the patients with dysphagia at an acute care hospital. We also tried to clarify the factors which improve swallowing function in these patients. Seventy patients with dysphagia were included in the present study. Multidisciplinary nutrition support team evaluated swallowing function and nutrition status. Most patients were fed by parenteral or enteral nutrition at the time of the first round. Of these 70 patients, 36 became able to eat orally. The improvement of swallowing function was associated with higher BMI in both genders and higher AMC in men. Mortality was high in the patients with lower BMI and %AMC, suggesting importance of maintaining muscle mass. Thirteen (38.2%) of 34 patients who did not show any improvement in swallowing function died, but no patients who showed improvement died (p22 kcal/kg/day. These results suggest that it is important to maintain nutritional status to promote rehabilitation in patients with dysphagia even in an acute care hospital