5,222 research outputs found
Bayesian analysis of multiple direct detection experiments
Bayesian methods offer a coherent and efficient framework for implementing
uncertainties into induction problems. In this article, we review how this
approach applies to the analysis of dark matter direct detection experiments.
In particular we discuss the exclusion limit of XENON100 and the debated hints
of detection under the hypothesis of a WIMP signal. Within parameter inference,
marginalizing consistently over uncertainties to extract robust posterior
probability distributions, we find that the claimed tension between XENON100
and the other experiments can be partially alleviated in isospin violating
scenario, while elastic scattering model appears to be compatible with the
frequentist statistical approach. We then move to model comparison, for which
Bayesian methods are particularly well suited. Firstly, we investigate the
annual modulation seen in CoGeNT data, finding that there is weak evidence for
a modulation. Modulation models due to other physics compare unfavorably with
the WIMP models, paying the price for their excessive complexity. Secondly, we
confront several coherent scattering models to determine the current best
physical scenario compatible with the experimental hints. We find that
exothermic and inelastic dark matter are moderatly disfavored against the
elastic scenario, while the isospin violating model has a similar evidence.
Lastly the Bayes' factor gives inconclusive evidence for an incompatibility
between the data sets of XENON100 and the hints of detection. The same question
assessed with goodness of fit would indicate a 2 sigma discrepancy. This
suggests that more data are therefore needed to settle this question.Comment: 29 pages, 8 figures; invited review for the special issue of the
journal Physics of the Dark Universe; matches the published versio
Chasing a consistent picture for dark matter direct searches
In this paper we assess the present status of dark matter direct searches by
means of Bayesian statistics. We consider three particle physics models for
spin-independent dark matter interaction with nuclei: elastic, inelastic and
isospin violating scattering. We shortly present the state of the art for the
three models, marginalising over experimental systematics and astrophysical
uncertainties. Whatever the scenario is, XENON100 appears to challenge the
detection region of DAMA, CoGeNT and CRESST. The first aim of this study is to
rigorously quantify the significance of the inconsistency between XENON100 data
and the combined set of detection (DAMA, CoGeNT and CRESST together),
performing two statistical tests based on the Bayesian evidence. We show that
XENON100 and the combined set are inconsistent at least at 2 sigma level in all
scenarios but inelastic scattering, for which the disagreement drops to 1 sigma
level. Secondly we consider only the combined set and hunt the best particle
physics model that accounts for the events, using Bayesian model comparison.
The outcome between elastic and isospin violating scattering is inconclusive,
with the odds 2:1, while inelastic scattering is disfavoured with the odds of
1:32 because of CoGeNT data. Our results are robust under reasonable prior
assumptions. We conclude that the simple elastic scattering remains the best
model to explain the detection regions, since the data do not support extra
free parameters. Present direct searches therefore are not able to constrain
the particle physics interaction of the dark matter. The outcome of consistency
tests implies that either a better understanding of astrophysical and
experimental uncertainties is needed, either the dark matter theoretical model
is at odds with the data.Comment: 18 pages, 8 figures and 7 tables; minor revisions following referee
report. Accepted for publication in Phys.Rev.
Triplet seesaw model: from inflation to asymmetric dark matter and leptogenesis
The nature of dark matter (DM) particles and the mechanism that provides
their measured relic abundance are currently unknown. Likewise, the nature of
the inflaton is unknown as well. We investigate the triplet seesaw model in an
unified picture. At high energy scale, we consider Higgs inflation driven by an
admixture of standard model and triplet Higgs fields, both coupled
non-minimally to gravity. At intermediate and low energies we investigate
vector like fermion doublet DM candidates with a charge asymmetry in the dark
sector, which is generated by the same mechanism that provides the baryon
asymmetry, namely baryogenesis-via-leptogenesis induced by the decay of scalar
triplets. At the same time the model gives rise to neutrino masses in the
ballpark of oscillation experiments via type-II seesaw. We then apply Bayesian
statistics to infer the model parameters giving rise to the observed baryon
asymmetry and DM density, compatibly with inflationary and DM direct detection
constraints, updated with the CRESST-II excess, the new XENON100 data release
and KIMS exclusion limit.Comment: Contribution to the Proceedings of PASCOS2012 conference; 6 pages and
5 figure
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Forecasting Using Time Varying Meta-Elliptical Distributions with a Study of Commodity Futures Prices
We propose a methodological approach to the forecast and evaluation of multivariate distributions with time varying parameters. For reasons related to feasible inference attention is restricted to meta-elliptical distributions. We use our approach for the study of a large data set of 16 commodity prices. Our approach leads to a theory for model validation avoiding common problems caused by discontinuities, time variation of parameters and nuisance parameters
Forecasting and prequential validation for time varying meta-elliptical distributions
We consider forecasting and prequential (predictive sequential) validation of meta-elliptical distributions with time varying parameters. Using the weak prequential principle of Dawid, we conduct model validation avoiding nuisance parameter problems. Results rely on the structure of meta-elliptical distributions and we allow for discontinuities in the marginals and time varying parameters. We illustrate the ideas of the paper using a large data set of 16 commodity prices
Multi-lepton signatures at LHC from sneutrino dark matter
We investigate multi-lepton LHC signals arising from an extension at the
grand unification scale of the standard minimal supersymmetric model (MSSM)
involving right-handed neutrino superfields. In this framework neutrinos have
Dirac masses and the mixed sneutrinos are the lightest supersymmetric particles
and hence the dark matter candidates. We analyze the model parameter space in
which the sneutrino is a good dark matter particle and has a direct detection
cross-section compatible with the LUX bound. Studying the supersymmetric mass
spectrum of this region, we find several signatures relevant for LHC, which are
distinct from the predictions of the MSSM with neutralino dark matter. For
instance two opposite sign and different flavor leptons, three uncorrelated
leptons and long-lived staus are the most representative. Simulating both the
signal and expected background, we find that the multi-lepton signatures and
the long-lived stau are in the reach of the future run of LHC with a luminosity
of 100/fb. We point out that if one of these signatures is detected, it might
be an indication of sneutrino dark matter.Comment: 34 pages, 14 figures and 6 tables; this version matches the published
on
Constraints on Light WIMP candidates from the Isotropic Diffuse Gamma-Ray Emission
Motivated by the measurements reported by direct detection experiments, most
notably DAMA, CDMS-II, CoGeNT and Xenon10/100, we study further the constraints
that might be set on some light dark matter candidates, M_DM ~ few GeV, using
the Fermi-LAT data on the isotropic gamma-ray diffuse emission. In particular,
we consider a Dirac fermion singlet interacting through a new Z' gauge boson,
and a scalar singlet S interacting through the Higgs portal. Both candidates
are WIMP (Weakly Interacting Massive Particles), i.e. they have an annihilation
cross-section in the pbarn range. Also they may both have a spin-independent
elastic cross section on nucleons in the range required by direct detection
experiments. Although being generic WIMP candidates, because they have
different interactions with Standard Model particles, their phenomenology
regarding the isotropic diffuse gamma-ray emission is quite distinct. In the
case of the scalar singlet, the one-to-one correspondence between its
annihilation cross-section and its spin-independent elastic scattering
cross-section permits to express the constraints from the Fermi-LAT data in the
direct detection exclusion plot, sigma_n^0--M_DM. Depending on the
astrophysics, we argue that it is possible to exclude the singlet scalar dark
matter candidate at 95 % CL. The constraints on the Dirac singlet interacting
through a Z' are comparatively weaker.Comment: 18 pages, 13 figures, replaced to match with the published versio
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