23 research outputs found
Experimental and Computational Investigation of Microbubble Formation in a Single Capillary Embedded T‑junction Microfluidic Device
In recent years, there has been a notable increase in
the interest
toward microfluidic devices for microbubble synthesis. The upsurge
can be primarily attributed to the exceptional control these devices
offer in terms of both the size and the size distribution of microbubbles.
Among various microfluidic devices available, capillary-embedded T-junction
microfluidic (CETM) devices have been extensively used for the synthesis
of microbubbles. One distinguishing feature of CETM devices from conventional
T-junction devices is the existence of a wall at the right-most end,
which causes a backflow of the continuous phase at the mixing zone
during microbubble formation. The back flow at the mixing zone can
have several implications during microbubble formation. It can possibly
affect the local velocity and shearing force at the mixing zone, which
in turn can affect the size and production rate of the microbubbles.
Therefore, in this work, we experimentally and computationally understand
the process of microbubble formation in CETM devices. The process
is modeled using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) with the volume-of-fluid
approach, which solves the Navier–Stokes equations for both
the gas and liquid phases. Three scenarios with a constant liquid
velocity of 0.053 m/s with varying gas velocity and three with a constant
gas velocity of 0.049 m/s at different liquid velocities were explored.
Increase in the liquid and gas velocity during microbubble formation
was found to enhance production rates in both experiments and simulations.
Additionally, the change in microbubble size with the change in liquid
velocity was found to agree closely with the findings of the simulation
with a coefficient of variation of 10%. When plotted against the time
required for microbubble generation, the fluctuations in the pressure
showed recurrent crests and troughs throughout the microbubble formation
process. The understanding of microbubble formation in CETM devices
in the presence of backflow will allow improvement in size reduction
of microbubbles
Experimental and Computational Investigation of Microbubble Formation in a Single Capillary Embedded T‑junction Microfluidic Device
In recent years, there has been a notable increase in
the interest
toward microfluidic devices for microbubble synthesis. The upsurge
can be primarily attributed to the exceptional control these devices
offer in terms of both the size and the size distribution of microbubbles.
Among various microfluidic devices available, capillary-embedded T-junction
microfluidic (CETM) devices have been extensively used for the synthesis
of microbubbles. One distinguishing feature of CETM devices from conventional
T-junction devices is the existence of a wall at the right-most end,
which causes a backflow of the continuous phase at the mixing zone
during microbubble formation. The back flow at the mixing zone can
have several implications during microbubble formation. It can possibly
affect the local velocity and shearing force at the mixing zone, which
in turn can affect the size and production rate of the microbubbles.
Therefore, in this work, we experimentally and computationally understand
the process of microbubble formation in CETM devices. The process
is modeled using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) with the volume-of-fluid
approach, which solves the Navier–Stokes equations for both
the gas and liquid phases. Three scenarios with a constant liquid
velocity of 0.053 m/s with varying gas velocity and three with a constant
gas velocity of 0.049 m/s at different liquid velocities were explored.
Increase in the liquid and gas velocity during microbubble formation
was found to enhance production rates in both experiments and simulations.
Additionally, the change in microbubble size with the change in liquid
velocity was found to agree closely with the findings of the simulation
with a coefficient of variation of 10%. When plotted against the time
required for microbubble generation, the fluctuations in the pressure
showed recurrent crests and troughs throughout the microbubble formation
process. The understanding of microbubble formation in CETM devices
in the presence of backflow will allow improvement in size reduction
of microbubbles
Experimental and Computational Investigation of Microbubble Formation in a Single Capillary Embedded T‑junction Microfluidic Device
In recent years, there has been a notable increase in
the interest
toward microfluidic devices for microbubble synthesis. The upsurge
can be primarily attributed to the exceptional control these devices
offer in terms of both the size and the size distribution of microbubbles.
Among various microfluidic devices available, capillary-embedded T-junction
microfluidic (CETM) devices have been extensively used for the synthesis
of microbubbles. One distinguishing feature of CETM devices from conventional
T-junction devices is the existence of a wall at the right-most end,
which causes a backflow of the continuous phase at the mixing zone
during microbubble formation. The back flow at the mixing zone can
have several implications during microbubble formation. It can possibly
affect the local velocity and shearing force at the mixing zone, which
in turn can affect the size and production rate of the microbubbles.
Therefore, in this work, we experimentally and computationally understand
the process of microbubble formation in CETM devices. The process
is modeled using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) with the volume-of-fluid
approach, which solves the Navier–Stokes equations for both
the gas and liquid phases. Three scenarios with a constant liquid
velocity of 0.053 m/s with varying gas velocity and three with a constant
gas velocity of 0.049 m/s at different liquid velocities were explored.
Increase in the liquid and gas velocity during microbubble formation
was found to enhance production rates in both experiments and simulations.
Additionally, the change in microbubble size with the change in liquid
velocity was found to agree closely with the findings of the simulation
with a coefficient of variation of 10%. When plotted against the time
required for microbubble generation, the fluctuations in the pressure
showed recurrent crests and troughs throughout the microbubble formation
process. The understanding of microbubble formation in CETM devices
in the presence of backflow will allow improvement in size reduction
of microbubbles
Experimental and Computational Investigation of Microbubble Formation in a Single Capillary Embedded T‑junction Microfluidic Device
In recent years, there has been a notable increase in
the interest
toward microfluidic devices for microbubble synthesis. The upsurge
can be primarily attributed to the exceptional control these devices
offer in terms of both the size and the size distribution of microbubbles.
Among various microfluidic devices available, capillary-embedded T-junction
microfluidic (CETM) devices have been extensively used for the synthesis
of microbubbles. One distinguishing feature of CETM devices from conventional
T-junction devices is the existence of a wall at the right-most end,
which causes a backflow of the continuous phase at the mixing zone
during microbubble formation. The back flow at the mixing zone can
have several implications during microbubble formation. It can possibly
affect the local velocity and shearing force at the mixing zone, which
in turn can affect the size and production rate of the microbubbles.
Therefore, in this work, we experimentally and computationally understand
the process of microbubble formation in CETM devices. The process
is modeled using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) with the volume-of-fluid
approach, which solves the Navier–Stokes equations for both
the gas and liquid phases. Three scenarios with a constant liquid
velocity of 0.053 m/s with varying gas velocity and three with a constant
gas velocity of 0.049 m/s at different liquid velocities were explored.
Increase in the liquid and gas velocity during microbubble formation
was found to enhance production rates in both experiments and simulations.
Additionally, the change in microbubble size with the change in liquid
velocity was found to agree closely with the findings of the simulation
with a coefficient of variation of 10%. When plotted against the time
required for microbubble generation, the fluctuations in the pressure
showed recurrent crests and troughs throughout the microbubble formation
process. The understanding of microbubble formation in CETM devices
in the presence of backflow will allow improvement in size reduction
of microbubbles
Disparities in care by insurance status for individuals with rheumatoid arthritis: analysis of the medical expenditure panel survey, 2006–2009
<p><b>Objective:</b> Treatment guidelines for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) recommend early, aggressive treatment with nonbiologic and biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) to minimize long-term disability. We aimed to assess differences in medical resource utilization, drug therapy, and health outcomes among RA patients by insurance type in the United States.</p> <p><b>Methods:</b> Individuals with a self-reported diagnosis of RA were identified in the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS) database, 2006–2009. Data regarding sociodemographic characteristics, insurance type and status, and outcomes (including health care resource utilization, prescription medication use, health status, and patient-reported barriers to health care) were extracted. Multivariable regression analyses were used to examine the impact of insurance type (private, Medicare, Medicaid, or uninsured) on outcome measures while controlling for age group, sex, and race/ethnicity.</p> <p><b>Results:</b> A total of 693 individuals with a self-reported diagnosis of RA during the study period were identified; 423 were aged 18–64 years and 270 were aged ≥65 years. Among patients aged 18–64, those with Medicaid or who were uninsured were less likely than those with private insurance to visit a rheumatologist (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0.13 and 0.17, respectively; <i>p</i> < .001) and to receive biologic DMARDS (aOR 0.09 [<i>p</i> < .001] and 0.16 [<i>p</i> < .01], respectively); those with Medicaid were also less likely to receive nonbiologic DMARDS (aOR 0.26 [<i>p</i> < .01]). Those with Medicaid were more likely than those with private insurance to be unable/delayed in getting prescription drugs (aOR 2.9 [<i>p</i> < .05]), to experience cognitive, social, and physical limitations (aOR 8.7 [<i>p</i> < .001], 4.7 [<i>p</i> < .001], and 2.5 [<i>p</i> < .05], respectively); they also reported significantly lower general health and health-related quality of life. Patients aged ≥65 experienced greater equity in care and outcomes.</p> <p><b>Conclusions:</b> Younger RA patients with Medicaid (including those who receive coverage under the Medicaid expansion component of the Affordable Care Act) may be at risk for inadequate treatment.</p
Experimental and Computational Investigation of Microbubble Formation in a Single Capillary Embedded T‑junction Microfluidic Device
In recent years, there has been a notable increase in
the interest
toward microfluidic devices for microbubble synthesis. The upsurge
can be primarily attributed to the exceptional control these devices
offer in terms of both the size and the size distribution of microbubbles.
Among various microfluidic devices available, capillary-embedded T-junction
microfluidic (CETM) devices have been extensively used for the synthesis
of microbubbles. One distinguishing feature of CETM devices from conventional
T-junction devices is the existence of a wall at the right-most end,
which causes a backflow of the continuous phase at the mixing zone
during microbubble formation. The back flow at the mixing zone can
have several implications during microbubble formation. It can possibly
affect the local velocity and shearing force at the mixing zone, which
in turn can affect the size and production rate of the microbubbles.
Therefore, in this work, we experimentally and computationally understand
the process of microbubble formation in CETM devices. The process
is modeled using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) with the volume-of-fluid
approach, which solves the Navier–Stokes equations for both
the gas and liquid phases. Three scenarios with a constant liquid
velocity of 0.053 m/s with varying gas velocity and three with a constant
gas velocity of 0.049 m/s at different liquid velocities were explored.
Increase in the liquid and gas velocity during microbubble formation
was found to enhance production rates in both experiments and simulations.
Additionally, the change in microbubble size with the change in liquid
velocity was found to agree closely with the findings of the simulation
with a coefficient of variation of 10%. When plotted against the time
required for microbubble generation, the fluctuations in the pressure
showed recurrent crests and troughs throughout the microbubble formation
process. The understanding of microbubble formation in CETM devices
in the presence of backflow will allow improvement in size reduction
of microbubbles
Experimental and Computational Investigation of Microbubble Formation in a Single Capillary Embedded T‑junction Microfluidic Device
In recent years, there has been a notable increase in
the interest
toward microfluidic devices for microbubble synthesis. The upsurge
can be primarily attributed to the exceptional control these devices
offer in terms of both the size and the size distribution of microbubbles.
Among various microfluidic devices available, capillary-embedded T-junction
microfluidic (CETM) devices have been extensively used for the synthesis
of microbubbles. One distinguishing feature of CETM devices from conventional
T-junction devices is the existence of a wall at the right-most end,
which causes a backflow of the continuous phase at the mixing zone
during microbubble formation. The back flow at the mixing zone can
have several implications during microbubble formation. It can possibly
affect the local velocity and shearing force at the mixing zone, which
in turn can affect the size and production rate of the microbubbles.
Therefore, in this work, we experimentally and computationally understand
the process of microbubble formation in CETM devices. The process
is modeled using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) with the volume-of-fluid
approach, which solves the Navier–Stokes equations for both
the gas and liquid phases. Three scenarios with a constant liquid
velocity of 0.053 m/s with varying gas velocity and three with a constant
gas velocity of 0.049 m/s at different liquid velocities were explored.
Increase in the liquid and gas velocity during microbubble formation
was found to enhance production rates in both experiments and simulations.
Additionally, the change in microbubble size with the change in liquid
velocity was found to agree closely with the findings of the simulation
with a coefficient of variation of 10%. When plotted against the time
required for microbubble generation, the fluctuations in the pressure
showed recurrent crests and troughs throughout the microbubble formation
process. The understanding of microbubble formation in CETM devices
in the presence of backflow will allow improvement in size reduction
of microbubbles
Experimental and Computational Investigation of Microbubble Formation in a Single Capillary Embedded T‑junction Microfluidic Device
In recent years, there has been a notable increase in
the interest
toward microfluidic devices for microbubble synthesis. The upsurge
can be primarily attributed to the exceptional control these devices
offer in terms of both the size and the size distribution of microbubbles.
Among various microfluidic devices available, capillary-embedded T-junction
microfluidic (CETM) devices have been extensively used for the synthesis
of microbubbles. One distinguishing feature of CETM devices from conventional
T-junction devices is the existence of a wall at the right-most end,
which causes a backflow of the continuous phase at the mixing zone
during microbubble formation. The back flow at the mixing zone can
have several implications during microbubble formation. It can possibly
affect the local velocity and shearing force at the mixing zone, which
in turn can affect the size and production rate of the microbubbles.
Therefore, in this work, we experimentally and computationally understand
the process of microbubble formation in CETM devices. The process
is modeled using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) with the volume-of-fluid
approach, which solves the Navier–Stokes equations for both
the gas and liquid phases. Three scenarios with a constant liquid
velocity of 0.053 m/s with varying gas velocity and three with a constant
gas velocity of 0.049 m/s at different liquid velocities were explored.
Increase in the liquid and gas velocity during microbubble formation
was found to enhance production rates in both experiments and simulations.
Additionally, the change in microbubble size with the change in liquid
velocity was found to agree closely with the findings of the simulation
with a coefficient of variation of 10%. When plotted against the time
required for microbubble generation, the fluctuations in the pressure
showed recurrent crests and troughs throughout the microbubble formation
process. The understanding of microbubble formation in CETM devices
in the presence of backflow will allow improvement in size reduction
of microbubbles
A Retrospective Analysis of Corticosteroid Utilization Before Initiation of Biologic DMARDs Among Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis in the United States
<p><b>Article full text</b></p>
<p><br></p>
<p>The full text of this article can
be found here<b>. </b><a href="https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40744-017-0089-8">https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40744-017-0089-8</a></p><p></p>
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article then please contact <a href="http://www.medengine.com/Redeem/âmailto:[email protected]â"><b>[email protected]</b></a>.</p>
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features will be thoroughly peer reviewed to ensure the content is of the
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ensure readers are aware that the content has been reviewed to the same level
as the articles they are being presented alongside. Moreover, all sponsorship
and disclosure information is included to provide complete transparency and
adherence to good publication practices. This ensures that however the content
is reached the reader has a full understanding of its origin. No fees are
charged for hosting additional open access content.</p>
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Economic Evaluation of Timely Versus Delayed Use of Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitors for Treatment of Psoriatic Arthritis in the US
<p><b>Article full text</b></p>
<p><br></p>
<p>The full text of this article can
be found here<b>. </b><a href="https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40744-016-0042-2">https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40744-016-0042-2</a></p><p></p>
<p><br></p>
<p><b>Provide enhanced content for this
article</b></p>
<p><br></p>
<p>If you are an author of this
publication and would like to provide additional enhanced content for your
article then please contact <a href="http://www.medengine.com/Redeem/âmailto:[email protected]â"><b>[email protected]</b></a>.</p>
<p><br></p>
<p>The journal offers a range of
additional features designed to increase visibility and readership. All
features will be thoroughly peer reviewed to ensure the content is of the
highest scientific standard and all features are marked as ‘peer reviewed’ to
ensure readers are aware that the content has been reviewed to the same level
as the articles they are being presented alongside. Moreover, all sponsorship
and disclosure information is included to provide complete transparency and
adherence to good publication practices. This ensures that however the content
is reached the reader has a full understanding of its origin. No fees are
charged for hosting additional open access content.</p>
<p><br></p>
<p>Other enhanced features include,
but are not limited to:</p>
<p><br></p>
<p>• Slide decks</p>
<p>• Videos and animations</p>
<p>• Audio abstracts</p>
<p>• Audio slides</p