The Impact of the Guide Vane on the BIWT System for the Distributed Wind Generation in the Urban Area

This paper reports a study on the impact of the guide vane on the Building Integrated Wind Turbine (BIWT) system for the distributed wind generation in the urban area. The guide vane is combined with the rotor to concentrate and accelerate the incoming wind to drive the turbine for power generation. The improved BIWT system has several advantages over the conventional BIWT system; it does not require the structural reinforcement of the building because it generates electricity based on the wind pressure acting on the building’s wall. Furthermore, the guide vane conceals the rotor from the view of pedestrians to maintain the aesthetic value of the building. The analysis focuses on the installation of the BIWT design at a high-rise building. The study evaluates the wind dynamics characteristic on the building’s wall using the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software. Consequently, the producible power output is estimated based on the wind dynamics characteristic. The effectiveness of the BIWT with the guide vane is evaluated on the actual wind data measured at Kota Kinabalu, Sandakan and Kudat. The result shows that the guide vane increases the producible power output by 129.09%

Optimal control strategy for low speed and high speed four-wheel-active steering vehicle

In this work, based on the optimal control theory approach, a four-wheel-active steering (4WAS) system is proposed for low speed and high speed applications. A model following the control structure is adopted consisting of a feed-forward and feedback compensation strategy that serves as correction inputs to enhance the vehicle’s dynamic behavior. The velocity dependent feed-forward control inputs are based on the driver’s steering intention while the feedback control inputs are based on the vehicle’s state feedback errors, being the sideslip and yaw rate of the vehicle. Numerical simulations are conducted using the Matlab/Simulink platform to evaluate the control system’s performance. The performance of the 4WAS controller is tested in two designated open loop tests, being the constant steer and the lane change maneuver, to evaluate its effectiveness. A comparison with conventional passive front-wheel-steering (FWS) and conventional four-wheel-steering (4WS) systems shows the preeminent result performance of the proposed control strategy in terms of the response tracking capability and versatility of the controller to adapt to the system’s speed environment. In high speed maneuvers, the improvement in terms of yaw rate tracking error in rms is evaluated and the proposed active steering system considerably beat the other two structures with 0.2% normalized error compared to the desired yaw rate response. Meanwhile, in low speed, turning radius reductions of 25% and 50% with respect to the capability of normal or typical FWS vehicles are successfully achieve

Severity impact of a vapour cloud explosion (VCE) – Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) road tanker accident

An explosion accident from a road tanker while carrying hazardous materials can have a dangerous effect on road users and the surrounding area through which the road tanker passes. Based on the evidence of the accident case involving the road tanker reported, it shows that this accident case can cause death and destruction to the surrounding property. In Malaysia, several cases of accidents involving road tankers have also occurred. Among the methods used to determine the impact of a road tanker explosion is the use of the consequences analysis method. Currently, there is limited number of software that can be used to determine the impact of a road tanker explosion accident that carries explosive chemicals such as butadiene, Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG), etc. However, there are weaknesses in the display of the impact results plotted on the map. Where the impact of the explosion is only shown to the 3 main zones, namely building damage, serious injury, and glass breakage. In this paper, the enhanced contour profile method on the impact of an LPG road tanker explosion on human and structural damage is shown

Power system dynamic state and parameter estimation-transition to power electronics-dominated clean energy systems: IEEE task force on power system dynamic state and parameter estimation

This report of TF on dynamic state and parameter estimation aims to 1) clearly review its motivations and definitions, demonstrate its values for enhanced power system modeling, monitoring, operation, control and protection as well as power engineering education; 2) provide recommendations to vendors, national labs, utilities and ISOs on the use of dynamic state estimator for enhancement of the reliability, security, and resiliency of electric power systems