Peranan Penghulu Pada Masa Keresidenan Palembang Tahun (1299-1361 H/ 1831-1942 M)

Palembang in the 16th century until the early 19th century was the territory of the Sultanate of Palembang, in the period before the empire, precisely at the time of Prince Sido Ing Kenayan, there were already religious positions, and it was arranged in the book Simbur Cahaya created by Ratu Sinuhun. During the transitional period of Palembang residency in 1823 AD, the task of the headman was made broadly by the Government of the Dutch East Indies. The method in this study uses qualitative descriptive methods to explain the problem-solving in this study. Data collection uses library research, namely by conducting laboratories in libraries and Google websites including Google Scholar. Data analysis is the process of systematically searching and compiling data obtained from library studies and Google website sources. The role of the headman during the Palembang Residency was not only to take care of religion but to take care of the people including in the management of occupation records, religious education, and advisors in the state court (Vandread). The position of chief in the Dutch colonial period was restricted to the natives by limiting the authority of Prince Pengulu Nata Agama to deal with problems in the capital and for the interior of Hooffdenghulu in charge. In conclusion, during the Dutch colonial period, the task of the headman was more general and more helpful to the Dutch East Indies government in dealing with the problems of the MuslimsPalembang pada abad ke-16 hingga abad ke 19 awal merupakan wilayah kekuasaan Kesultanan Palembang, pada masa  sebelum kesultanan tepatnya pada masa Pangeran Sido Ing Kenayan jabatan agama sudah ada, dan sudah diatur dalam kitab Simbur Cahaya yang dibuat oleh Ratu Sinuhun. Pada masa peralihan keresidenan Palembang pada tahun 1823 M, tugas penghulu dibuat secara luas oleh Pemerintahan Hindia Belanda. Metode dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif untuk menjelaskan mengenai pemecahan masalah dalam penelitian ini. Pengumpulan data menggunakan studi pustaka, yaitu dengan melakukan laboratorium di perpustakaan dan website google termasuk google scholar. Analisis data merupakan proses mencari dan menyusun secara sistematis data yang diperoleh dari studi pustaka dan sumber website google. Peranan penghulu pada masa Keresidenan Palembang penghulu bukan hanya mengurusi agama, tetapi mengurusi umat termasuk dalam pengurusan catatan kependudukan, pendidikan agama dan penasehat di pangadilan negeri (landraad). Jabatan penghulu pada masa kolonial Belanda dibatasi wewenangnya kepada pribumi dengan dibatasi wewenang Pangeran Penghulu Nata Agama untuk mengurusi permasalahan di ibu kota dan untuk pedalaman Hoofd Penghulu yang bertugas. Kesimpulannya pada masa kolonial Belanda tugas penghulu lebih general dan lebih membantu pemerintahan Hindia Belanda dalam mengurusi permasalahan umat Isla

KEBERADAAN KEBIASAAN NGINANG PADA MASYARAKAT MELAYU DI KECAMATAN SEBERANG ULU I KOTA PALEMBANG

The progress of the times and the ease with which foreign cultures enter the life of the current generation have made a lot of local wisdom begin to experience degradation to the point of extinction. As is the case, the younger generation of Palembang Malay descent, at this time has left a tradition that has been passed down from generation to generation, namely the nginang tradition. Nginang is a habit that has become a hereditary tradition carried out by the Malay community in Sumatra and Palembang. This study aims to reveal the phenomenon of the habit of nginang which is still carried out by some Malay people in Palembang. This research uses descriptive-qualitative research using ethnographic method which is an approach to anthropology disciplines. Sources of data used are primary data sources and secondary sources. Primary sources that come from people who nginang and cultural. Secondary sources come from research reports, books, archives, and so on. The data collection technique used direct observation to the location, namely in Seberang Ulu I District, Palembang City. As for using participant interviews, namely key informants as the main data and using relevant literature studies to support this research as well as collecting audio-visual materials in the form of photos, images and sounds that come from the betel nut and cultural observers. Data analysis will be directly in conjunction with other parts of the development of this research, namely data collection and writing of findings. In this study, it was found that this habit is still used by some of the Palembang Malay community who are female, this is due to the emergence of public stigma against men against the habit of nginang which is only identified with cigarettes. The habit of nutmeg is starting to disappear due to family factors, the progress of the times, the environment and community institutions.Kemajuan zaman serta mudahnya budaya asing masuk dalam kehidupan generasi sekarang membuat banyak kearifan lokal mulai mengalami degradasi hingga dapat mengalami kepunahan. Seperti halnya, generasi muda yang keturunan Melayu Palembang, pada saat ini sudah meninggalkan tradisi yang sudah diwariskan turun temurun yaitu tradisi nginang. Nginang merupakan kebiasaan yang sudah menjadi tradisi temurun yang dilakukan masyarakat Melayu di Sumatera serta di Palembang. Dalam penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap fenomena kebiasaan nginang yang masih dilakukan oleh sebagian masyarakat Melayu di Palembang. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian deskriptif-kualitatif dengan menggunakan metode etnografi yang merupakan pendekatan disiplin ilmu antropologi. Sumber data yang digunakan adalah sumber data primer dan sumber sekunder. Sumber primer yang berasal dari orang yang nginang dan budayawan. Sumber sekunder berasal dari laporan penelitian, buku, arsip, dan sebagainya. Teknik Pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi secara langsung ke lokasi yaitu di Kecamatan Seberang Ulu I Kota Palembang. Adapun menggunakan wawancara partisipan yaitu informan kunci sebagai data utama dan menggunakan studi pustaka yang relevan dalam mendukung penelitian ini serta mengumpulkan materi audio visual berupa foto, gambar dan suara yang berasal dari orang yang menginang dan budayawan.  Analisis data akan secara langsung bersamaan dengan bagian-bagian lain dari pengembangan penelitian ini, yaitu pengumpulan data dan penulisan temuan. Dalam penelitian ini ditemukan jika kebiasaan ini masih digunakan oleh sebagian masyarakat Melayu Palembang yang bergender perempuan hal ini dikarenakan munculnya stigma masyarakat terhadap kaum laki-laki terhadap kebiasaan nginang yang hanya diidentikan dengan rokok. Kebiasaan nginang mulai menghilang karena adanya faktor keluarga, kemajuan zaman, lingkungan dan lembaga masyarakat

Assessment of Air pollution trend in Medan city

Medan, as the capital city of the North Sumatra province as well as one of largest metropolitan areas in Indonesia, has suffered from increasing air pollution in the city. The tremendous population growth has created a wide range of urban problems such as the increase of industrial areas and the number of transportation means that lead to the diminished air quality in the area. This study divided Medan into two distinctive areas, namely urban area and suburban area. Air pollution data used for this analysis was taken from Suspended Particulate Matter (SPM) collected by BMKG observation stations in Medan from year 1983 to 2014. According to the trend Analysis of SPM, the area showed an increasing trend of 6.3% in urban area, and of 66% in suburban area. Generally, the increase of SPM that passed the threshold happened in the dry season, which occurs from January until June. The result has displayed there are decreasing of air quality in Medan city, in hope for the policy makers to react accordingly and to plan ways to prevent negative effects of air pollution

Harmonisasi Beragama Melalui Tradisi “Makan Sirih-Pinang” Masyarakat Desa Bipolo Nusa Tenggara Timur

This study aims to understand the meaning of harmony in diversity in the village of Bipolo, East Nusa Tenggara. It uses qualitative research using descriptive methods, by explaining the results of the study. Collecting data by interview, observation and literature study. Eating Sirih-pinang is a habit carried out by the people of NTT in daily activities, traditional ceremonies, and medicine. According to an interview with Deputy Chairman of the BPD, Mr. Fanu Tob. In maintaining the warmth and togetherness of people in the village of Bipolo, Kupang, East Nusa Tenggara, namely by eating betel nut and sharing. If someone has a problem, and given sirih-pinang, then the problem will be solved. In the case of a guest banquet, betel nut must be present, because it is a symbol to entertain guests and a form of appreciation for the guest. It turns out that according to the study the people in the village of Bipolo with their ethnic and religious differences are united with a small thing that is by eating sirih-pinang

Indonesian Rheumatologist Association (IRA) Recommendations for Diagnosis and Management of Peripheral Spondyloarthritis 2021

Objective. Spondyloarthritis recommendations are made to provide guidance in diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring of peripheral spondyloarthritis cases.Method. Literature searches were conducted online. The drafting team determines the levels of evidence (LOE) and grades of recommendation (GOR). After conducting a discussion, each recommendation that has been agreed upon by the drafting team is then classified based on the levels of evidence and grades of recommendation. The final step in the preparation of these recommendations is to determine the level of agreement (LOA) on each recommendation carried out by a team of panelists who have been appointed by IRA.Result. Thirty five recommendations regarding peripheral spondyloarthritis were compiled. There are 6 strong recommendation or GOR A for psoriatic arthritis and 8 recommendations for enteropathic arthritis.Conclusion. These recommendations provide directions for clinicians to diagnose and to manage peripheral spondyloarthritis

Indonesian Rheumatology Association (IRA) Recommendations for Diagnosis and Management of Axial Spondyloarthritis 2021

Objective. Recommendations for spondyloarthritis are made to provide guidelines in diagnosis establishment, therapy, and monitoring of axial spondyloarthritis cases.Method. Literature searches were conducted online. The drafting team determines the levels of evidence (LOE) and grades of recommendation (GOR). After conducting a discussion, each recommendation that has been agreed upon by the drafting team is then classified based on the levels of evidence and grades of recommendation. The final step in the preparation of these recommendations is to determine the level of agreement (LOA) on each recommendation carried out by a team of panelists who have been appointed by IRA.Results. Twenty recommendations regarding axial spondyloarthritis were established. Strong recommendations or GOR A include: Ax-SpA diagnosis can be made according to the 2010 ASAS criteria, or the 1984 modified New York criteria specifically for the US; conventional radiographic examinations and MRI of the sacroiliac joints and vertebrae may be used as evaluators of disease activity and predictors of therapeutic response, as well as patients who do not respond to NSAIDs (within 4 weeks) can be administered a combination of NSAIDs and anti-TNF, and if it is not possible, a combination of NSAIDs and anti-IL-17A (Secukinumab, Ixekizumab).Conclusion. These recommendations provide a direction for clinicians to diagnose and manage spondyloarthritis