A study on Carbon Nanotube-Gene Interaction in Induction of Glial Cells to Neuron Cell

Introduction: Reprogramming different cell to neuron have yet remained attractive field in regenerative medicine, so discovery new methodsor improve existing methods could be helpful. The aim of this study was to evaluate the Carbon Nanotube-Gene Interaction in Induction ofGlial Cells to Neuron Cell.Materials and Methods: Accordingly, we analyzed the transcriptome data of glial and neuron cells to determine thedifferent gene expression in both groups. Then, based on this transcriptome data, the gene chemical interaction was determined to find the mostimportant chemical structure which induces glial cell to neurons. Data extract from transcriptome database related rat cerebral cortex cellsgenerated by RNA sequencing transcriptomic (RNAseq) technique. By comparison neuron against glial cells (astrocyte, oligodenderocyte andmicroglia) determined different gene expression. In Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD) determined the most important chemicalto interact with this gene set. Then by using genetrail2 database determined mechanism of gene set associated to chemicals and miRNA enriched.Results: Result determined different chemical with the risk factor and protective factor properties related to 500 genes that enriched in a neuronin comparison with glial cells. The carbon nanotube is the first important chemicals that interact with 75 genes of 500. Gene ontology analysisdetermined the carbon nanotube effect on genes that induce neurogenesis, neurodevelopment, and differentiation. Genetrail2 release the 29significant miRNAs enriched in gene interacts with carbon nanotube in which miR-34a and miR-449a are the most significant molecules.Network analysis of these genes represents KIT (tyrosine-protein kinase, CD117), Gria1, Syt1, Rab3c, and Tubb3 have central roles inneurogenesis by the carbon nanotube.Conclusion: In sum up, the carbon nanotube is an electrical stimulator that has biocompatibility toinduce glial cell to the neuron which applies as devise lonely or combination with a cell in damage part of the neural tissue

Up-regulation of MiR-21 in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Introduction:Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most abundant dysplasia in the oral cavity that aberrant expression of microRNA plays an important role in cancer progression. It is well known that microRNA-21 expression is oncogenes or tumor suppressor factor in malignancy formation of several cancers. In this study used OSCC tissues to investigate the expression of mir-21 in malignancy causes.Material and Methods:OSCC tissues and normal samples were collected from Amir Alam and Taleghani Hospitals as fresh and frozen samples. The Expression level of miR-21 in OSCC and normal tissues were measured by qRT-PCR. To find the targets related mir-21 used databases including TargetScan, GenTrail2, GO and STITCH online websites.Results:MiR-21 found significantly up-regulated in OSCC tissues compared to normal tissues (Fold-change=5.54). Targets of miR-21 derived from the TargetScan and GeneTrail2 analysis determined the most significant biological processes be associated with the epithelialization, differentiation, and morphogenesis. So overexpression of miR-21 could reverse this process and promote the cells to stemness and metastatic state. EGFR and PDCD4, two targets of miR-21, previously have been demonstrated that are important in OSCC invasion, metastasis, and differentiation. In addition study on targets genes to find anticancer drugs enriched CI-1033 as a tyrosine-kinase inhibitor that previously reported for the treatment of cancer.Conclusion:Our findings indicate miR-21 act as oncomiR in OSCC and may be considered as a biomarker for the development of OSCC treatment