Concept of A Low-Cost Hybrid Car

Fuel economy and emissions reduction are the vital tasks, which are currently being solved by dismissing cars with only internal combustion engines to the benefit of electric and hybrid electric vehicles (HEV). HEVs have a significant advantage over electric vehicles, namely a bigger drive range and independence from the charging stations at hand. However, high cost and big weight of HEVs discourage their wider use. To minimize the cost and weight of HEV, the algorithm of its power plant operation is changed. This paper presents a method for calculating the electric drive mode of a hybrid vehicle in accordance with the proposed algorithm for the power plant operation. The results of calculation of the main characteristics are presented and analyzed. The experimental studies were carried out with the hybrid vehicle developed on the base on the Lanos pickup vehicle. The research results showed good agreement between the experimental and the calculated results. The proposed technical solution is presented as practical and effective. The results of this work can be used in the automotive industry. The development helps to reduce the cost and weight of hybrid vehicles, maintaining their operational characteristics and good economic and environmental indicators

Concept of A Low-Cost Hybrid Car

Fuel economy and emissions reduction are the vital tasks, which are currently being solved by dismissing cars with only internal combustion engines to the benefit of electric and hybrid electric vehicles (HEV). HEVs have a significant advantage over electric vehicles, namely a bigger drive range and independence from the charging stations at hand. However, high cost and big weight of HEVs discourage their wider use. To minimize the cost and weight of HEV, the algorithm of its power plant operation is changed. This paper presents a method for calculating the electric drive mode of a hybrid vehicle in accordance with the proposed algorithm for the power plant operation. The results of calculation of the main characteristics are presented and analyzed. The experimental studies were carried out with the hybrid vehicle developed on the base on the Lanos pickup vehicle. The research results showed good agreement between the experimental and the calculated results. The proposed technical solution is presented as practical and effective. The results of this work can be used in the automotive industry. The development helps to reduce the cost and weight of hybrid vehicles, maintaining their operational characteristics and good economic and environmental indicators

ESTET – NEW INNOVATIVE SPECIALTY FOR MASTER STUDENTS

Problem. Currently, new educational reforms are intensively being implemented in Ukraine. This is achieved, including, by the development and implementation of new innovative joint training programs. Goal. To improve higher education in accordance with the changing needs of economic and social spheres in the road transport sector due to the growth of innovative energy-efficient and energy-saving technologies. To increase the competitiveness of graduates in employment and the productive cooperation between the universities. To reduce energy consumption and to replace traditional sources by «green» forms of energy in the transport sector as well. Methodology. The analysis of existing joint educational programs for masters was conducted. There was accomplished the analysis and monitoring of the labor market with the determination of its urgent and future needs, taking into account the development of modern electric transport. Results. The project for implementation of the new innovative master’s program in the specialty «Energy-saving technologies in transport» (ESTeT) has been developed. We have proposed the structure of a new specialty. The work packages that address specific tasks in the overall system of the ESTeT project implementation have been briefly described. The division of the new master's specialty into its constituting structural elements has been carried out. Originality. We proposed the new innovative educational joint program for masters ESTeT. Practical value. The implementation of new innovative joint specialties in the field of higher education in Ukraine provides an opportunity to increase the level of Ukrainian higher education itself. This will allow students to acquire the appropriate competencies in the field of study and expand their applications. Also, obtaining two diplomas (Ukrainian and European) by students will significantly expand their employment opportunities

Estimating Dynamic and Flow Characteristics of Electromagnetic Dispenser for The Kraz Truck Converted to Gas

The problems of worldwide environmental degradation, global warming, scarcity of fossil fuels have caused the replacement of ICE vehicles with electric ones. For the countries with underdeveloped economy, it is important to find more affordable ways to solve this problem. One of them is to convert the cars with ICE into more environmentally friendly and economical ones, such as gas-powered cars. Yet, the conversion of diesel cars usually results in power loss. The work of the electromagnetic gas dispenser (EGD) of the engine power supply system significantly affects the efficiency of the gas engine. Therefore, the aim of the study was to determine the dynamic and flow characteristics of the EGD of the KrAZ truck (Ukraine) converted to gas, and to provide recommendations for improving the efficiency of its operation. The object of the research was the working processes of the EGD power supply system of 6ChGN13/14 engine, converted from diesel engine and equipped with a gas turbine supercharger. The paper presents the results of experimental studies on determining the effect of operating voltage on the dynamic characteristics of EGD. The dependences of dynamic and flow characteristics of the EGD on the change of the control signal frequency and the dependence of efficiency through the EGD flow nozzle on the control signal duration were obtained; the effect of the return spring stiffness on the dynamic and flow characteristics of the EGD were determined. The results of the work are designed to increase the efficiency of diesel trucks converted to gas

Estimating Dynamic and Flow Characteristics of Electromagnetic Dispenser for The Kraz Truck Converted to Gas

The problems of worldwide environmental degradation, global warming, scarcity of fossil fuels have caused the replacement of ICE vehicles with electric ones. For the countries with underdeveloped economy, it is important to find more affordable ways to solve this problem. One of them is to convert the cars with ICE into more environmentally friendly and economical ones, such as gas-powered cars. Yet, the conversion of diesel cars usually results in power loss. The work of the electromagnetic gas dispenser (EGD) of the engine power supply system significantly affects the efficiency of the gas engine. Therefore, the aim of the study was to determine the dynamic and flow characteristics of the EGD of the KrAZ truck (Ukraine) converted to gas, and to provide recommendations for improving the efficiency of its operation. The object of the research was the working processes of the EGD power supply system of 6ChGN13/14 engine, converted from diesel engine and equipped with a gas turbine supercharger. The paper presents the results of experimental studies on determining the effect of operating voltage on the dynamic characteristics of EGD. The dependences of dynamic and flow characteristics of the EGD on the change of the control signal frequency and the dependence of efficiency through the EGD flow nozzle on the control signal duration were obtained; the effect of the return spring stiffness on the dynamic and flow characteristics of the EGD were determined. The results of the work are designed to increase the efficiency of diesel trucks converted to gas

РОЗРАХУНОК ОСНОВНИХ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИК ТЯГОВОГО АСИНХРОННОГО ДВИГУНА ДЛЯ ЕЛЕКТРИЧНОЇ ТРАНСМІСІЇ МІСЬКОГО ЕЛЕКТРОБУСА

Problem. Motor vehicles built on the basis of an electric transmission have been gaining popularity recently. The most important factors here are environmental and economic ones. For large cities these two factors are closely connected and form the requirements for modern vehicles. Goal. The goal is conducting analysis of electric motors in the context of their application in a traction electric drive of vehicles with the determination of the most promising one for manufacturing electric transmissions in Ukraine; calculation of the main characteristics of the traction induction motor for electric transmission of urban electric bus. Methodology. The methods of theoretical foundations of electrical engineering were used in calculating electric circuits of alternating current. Also the classical methods of calculating electric cars and the theory of electric drive were used in calculating the basic parameters of a traction motor for an electric transmission. Results. Based on the expert assessment, the AIR 225M2 traction motor has been selected. The calculation of the main parameters of the selected induction motor for the electric transmission of the urban electric bus has been carried out. Its main electrical and mechanical parameters have been determined and its natural characteristic has been constructed. Mechanical characteristic was built when operating in an electric transmission with an induction motor AIR 225M2 in the mode of the engine and in the generator mode with the fan load torque. Originality. The complex expert estimation of traction electric motors for electric transmission has been carried out. During this assessment, not only the electromechanical indices of electric motors, but also economic factors were taken into account. Practical value. The results of the conducted studies allow conducting a comprehensive expert evaluation of electric motors for an electric transmission in practice. By setting the load parameters for the traction drive it is possible to determine its mechanical characteristics, both in the motor mode and in the generator modeПроведен анализ электродвигателей с позиции их применения в тяговом электроприводе автотранспортных средств с определением наиболее перспективного для производства электрической трансмиссии в Украине. Проведено комплексную экспертную оценку тяговых электродвигателей для электрической трансмиссии. Выполнен расчет основных характеристик тягового асинхронного двигателя для электропривода электробуса городского назначенияПроведено аналіз електродвигунів з позиції їх застосування в тяговому електроприводі автотранспортних засобів з визначенням найбільш перспективного для виробництва електричної трансмісії в Україні. Проведено комплексну експертну оцінку тягових електродвигунів для електричної трансмісії. Виконано розрахунок основних характеристик тягового асинхронного двигуна для електроприводу електробуса міського призначенн

ЕЛЕКТРОБУСИ – ПЕРСПЕКТИВНИЙ МІСЬКИЙ ТРАНСПОРТ ХАРКОВА

Problem. Currently, the search for the ways to develop transport in the context of improving environmental friendliness and energy efficiency is a pressing issue for many developed countries. This is especially true for large cities. One of the main ways to solve the problem is to reduce the use of personal transport in large cities and, instead of introducing urban environmental transport, to refuse from transport using internal combustion engines in favour of electric vehicles (the so-called electric buses). Goal. The aim of the work is to improve the energy efficiency of urban transport in Kharkiv via introduction of electric buses. Methodology. Analytical methods of research and development of a new route of an electric bus instead of a trolleybus in Kharkiv were used. Results. The analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of buses and trolley buses compared with electric buses was made. Different types of electric buses were considered. A pilot route of the electric bus was proposed, covering a part of Pivnichna Saltovka region in Kharkiv. Originality. The pilot route of the electric bus, which covers the part of the Pivnichna Saltovka region in Kharkiv, was developed. The use of an electric bus on supercondensers, which is charged at stops during boarding / disembarking the passengers was suggested. The economic justification for choosing an electric bus for a new route is presented. Practical value. Practical implementation of urban ground transportation will gradually replace trolley buses and buses with electric buses, which will improve the aesthetics of the city, the environment, increase energy efficiency and mobility of transport, save human and material resources, reduce the number of accidents, thereby making Kharkiv a model for the introduction of modern technologies in accordance with «National Transport Strategy of Ukraine until 2030».В работе предложено повысить энергоэффективность транспорта Харькова за счет внедрения электробусов. Проведен анализ достоинств и недостатков автобусов и троллейбусов по сравнению с электробусами. Рассмотрены различные виды электробусов. Предложен пилотный маршрут электробуса, охватывающий часть Северной Салтовки г. Харькова. Предложено использовать электробус на суперконденсаторах, заряжающийся на остановках во время посадки/высадки пассажиров. Представлен предварительный расчет внедрения нового електробусного маршрута, из которого видно, что общие затраты на прокладку троллейбусного маршрута больше на прокладку електробусного примерно в 2,65 раза.У роботі запропоновано підвищити енергоефективність міського транспорту Харкова за рахунок упровадження електробусів. Проведено аналіз переваг і недоліків автобусів і тролейбусів порівняно з електробусами. Розглянуто різні види електробусів. Запропоновано пілотний маршрут електробуса, який охоплює частину Північної Салтівки м. Харкова завдовжки 7 км в обидва кінці. Запропоновано використовувати електробус на суперконденсаторах, що заряджається на кінцевій зупинці під час посадки/висадки пасажирів. Представлено попередній розрахунок упровадження нового електробусного маршруту, з якого видно, що загальні витрати на прокладання тролейбусного маршруту є більшимиза електробусний приблизно у 2,65 раз