Dendrite formation in rechargeable lithium-metal batteries: Phase-field modeling using open-source finite element library

We describe a phase-field model for the electrodeposition process that forms dendrites within metal-anode batteries. We derive the free energy functional model, arriving at a system of partial differential equations that describe the evolution of a phase field, the lithium-ion concentration, and an electric potential. We formulate, discretize, and solve the set of partial differential equations describing the coupled electrochemical interactions during a battery charge cycle using an open-source finite element library. The open-source library allows us to use parallel solvers and time-marching adaptivity. We describe two- and three-dimensional simulations; these simulations agree with experimentally-observed dendrite growth rates and morphologies reported in the literature.Comment: Under Revie

:Estúdio, nº32 (Out./Dez. 2020)

Entre um vestígio e um traçado existe uma relação de indicialidade mais ou menos frágil, que resulta numa intencionalidade distintiva. Nos ambientes e meios que incorporam codificação e distância, como são os meios digitais, a indicialidade parece mais sofisticada ou então ausente. A “mediação” ou a “imediação” pode ser um dos debates reatualizados nas condições presentes: são condições mais distantes, seja pelo confinamento pandémico, seja pela digitalização das intermediações. Interroga-se a mediação em oposição à imediação, o local do referente numa interrogação sobre a indicialidade no contexto da digitalização pandémica. Neste contexto neo-urbano apresentam-se os catorze artigos que a edição da Revista Estúdio, de setembro 2020, apresenta. Aqui e agora os discursos são mais curtos e o meio voltou a ser a mensagem.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortiu (INICC) report, data summary of 43 countries for 2007-2012. Device-associated module

We report the results of an International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortium (INICC) surveillance study from January 2007-December 2012 in 503 intensive care units (ICUs) in Latin America, Asia, Africa, and Europe. During the 6-year study using the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC) U.S. National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN) definitions for device-associated health care–associated infection (DA-HAI), we collected prospective data from 605,310 patients hospitalized in the INICC's ICUs for an aggregate of 3,338,396 days. Although device utilization in the INICC's ICUs was similar to that reported from ICUs in the U.S. in the CDC's NHSN, rates of device-associated nosocomial infection were higher in the ICUs of the INICC hospitals: the pooled rate of central line–associated bloodstream infection in the INICC's ICUs, 4.9 per 1,000 central line days, is nearly 5-fold higher than the 0.9 per 1,000 central line days reported from comparable U.S. ICUs. The overall rate of ventilator-associated pneumonia was also higher (16.8 vs 1.1 per 1,000 ventilator days) as was the rate of catheter-associated urinary tract infection (5.5 vs 1.3 per 1,000 catheter days). Frequencies of resistance of Pseudomonas isolates to amikacin (42.8% vs 10%) and imipenem (42.4% vs 26.1%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates to ceftazidime (71.2% vs 28.8%) and imipenem (19.6% vs 12.8%) were also higher in the INICC's ICUs compared with the ICUs of the CDC's NHSN