Genetics diversity of Aphanius ginaonis and Aphanius dispar in Hormozgan and Bushehr coastal zones respectively using PCRRFLP molecular marker

In this study, two populations of Aphanius ginaonis (Holly, 1929) and Aphanius dispar (Ruppell, 1828) were examined to determine genetic diversity using PCR-RFLP technique. A total of 60 individual specimens were collected from Hormozgan and Bushehr internal waters, comprising two sampling sites; from Geno hot spring (30 individuals of A. ginaonis) and Mir Ahmad hot spring (30 individuals of A. dispar). The D-loop region of mitochondrial DNA (550 bp) was amplified using PCR followed by RFLP analysis based on 5 restriction endonuclease enzymes (AluI, DpnI, Eco47I, HindIII HinfI). In order to undertake data analysis, Arlequin 3.11 was applied. Results at population levels indicated that Geno individuals have more haplotype diversity than Mir Ahmad individuals (9 and 3 haplotypes respectively). However, further investigation using genetic techniques is required to clarify the molecular history and evolution of Aphanius species in this area. Results obtained from this research would be applicable to understand conservation genetics and management of this important fish species in Iran

Morphological and molecular identification of brown algae, Padina sp. in Lengeh Port, Persian Gulf

Brown algae, Padina sp., are found across tropical coastal areas as well as inter-tidal and sub-tidal regions. The aim of this research was to identify the morphological and molecular characteristics of the Padina species distributed across Port Lengeh in the Persian Gulf using morphological examinations and rbcL chloroplast gene sequencing. For this purpose, morphological features were undertaken using valid identification keys. For the molecular analysis, genomic DNA was extracted through slightly modified CTAB. The amplification of fragments was carried out using rbcL primers. The analysis of genome sequences was undertaken using Chromas, BioEdit and MEGA6 and the phylogenetic trees were constructed through Neighbor Joining (NJ) and Maximum Likelihood (ML). The results indicated that there was a 99% chance that the two identified Padina species (P. boergessenii and P. australis) belonged to the same cluster and that there were large genetic similarities among the compared Padina species registered in GenBank

Effects of bis-phenol A (BPA) on cellular and molecular levels of yellowfin seabream (Acanthopagrus latus)

Today, Bisphenol A is an industrial important chemical that is abundantly used as a primary raw material for the production of plastics and resin. BPA reaches the aquatic environment mainly through urban and industrial sewage effluents; thereby posing a potential threat to the organisms living in these ecosystems. In this study, effects of BPA onerythrocytic nuclear abnormalities (ENA) stimulus (MN Test) and liver DNA integrity (DNA Unwinding Assay), in male yellowfin seabream (Acanthopagrus latus) were investigated. For this reason, fish received intraperitoneal injections during a period of 2 weeks with 10, 50, 100 and 150 µg g^-1 week^-1 of BPA dissolved in coconut oil. Solventcontrols received the coconut oil whereas controls were not injected. The fish were sampled on day 0, 7 and 14. In order to evaluate cytotoxicity of BPA presented in blood, the erythrocytic nuclear abnormalities (ENA) frequency in yellowfinseabrem was determined. Our results demonstrated a significant increase in fish micronuclei frequency after the treatment with bisphenol A in comparison to the control groups and in dose dependent manner. In addition, the rate of liver DNA integrity was tested using the DNA alkaline unwinding assay. Results showed a decrease in the rate of liver DNAintegrityin treated fishes after 7 and 14 days of BPA exposure in comparison to the control group. In conclusion, results of the current project indicated that BPA has highgenotoxic and/orcytogenotoxic potential.It could be concluded that Micronucleus test and DNA strand breaks can be used as sensitive cellular and molecular indicators of exposure to genotoxic BPA

Genetic diversity of Crassostrea genus using 16S rRNA from coastal of Emam Khomayni Port

Nucleotide sequence polymorphism associated with 16S rRNA gene of mitochondrial genome of the Persian Gulf Oyster (Crassostrea sp.), examined in 30 samples collected from Bandar-e Emam Khomeini. Polymerase chain reaction was performed by a pair of primer for all samples and PCR products were sequenced using dideoxy chain termination method . Then the obtained data were analyzed usig MEGA Ver 5.0, BioEdit Ver 7.0 and DnaSP Ver 5.0 programs and software. The results showed 2 mutation and Nucleotide diversity (Pi) 0.00061 observed in studied genes. Among the 30 samples, 3 haplotypes were detected and average haplotype diversity (Hd) 0.195 were calculated. The haplotypes obtained in this study were submitted in the Gene Bank for the first time. Phylogeny trees derived from 16S rRNA gene sequencing showed no significant separation of the samples in the Imam Khomeini port. The results of this study also showed that there is low sequence differentiation in the study population in Imam Khomeini port

Molecular and phylogenetic investigation of Chiromantes boulengeri (Decapoda, Brachyura, Sesarmidae) species from Arvand river

In this study, the molecular characteristics of Chiromantes boulengeri were investigated from intertidal waters of Arvand River, Minoo Island in 2014. For this reason, samples from intertidal zones of two areas across Minoo Island were collected and preserved in 70% ethanol, followed by transferring to the laboratory for further examinations. Genomic DNA was extracted using phenol- chloroform method and mitochondrial gene 16SrRNA was sequenced and compared with other species from GenBank NCBI. The morphological examinations using identification keys and phylogeny sequence results showed that all specimens belonged to Chiromantes boulengeri in the study area. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that there are mutations within C. boulengeri from two areas of Arvand River. It seems that, this species most probably is adapted to the different ecological conditions in this area

Isolation, identification and cloning of growth hormone gene from Epinephlus coioides in E. coli

According to the role of the growth hormone gene in the aquaculture, in this research cloning growth hormone coioides (Epinephlus coioides) was evaluated in vector pTZ57R/T. After PCR product purification by kit QIA quick Gel Extraction, growth hormone gene was integrated into pTZ57R/T vector. Constructed vector was transferred in E. coli strain DH5α competent cells. The white colonies was recombinant bacteria, from that that plasmid extraction was performed. Cloning obtained conformed using with direct PCR and sequencing methods. Growth hormone cDNA from E. coioide has an open reading frame of 615 nucleotides and 204 amino acids respectively. The calculated molecular weight and predicted of isoelectric point of the growth hormone protein were 014/23 kDa and 9.6 respectively. The results of this study showed that growth hormone gene in pTZ57R/T vector successfully had been cloned and can be used to growth hormone gene expression and protein production. The operation of gene sequencing with growth hormone gene from E. coioides in the Gen Bank was showed similarity between them

Detection of cadmium acute toxicity in oyster, Crassostrea sp.

Heavy metals in high concentrations in the environment, is caused serious damage in metabolic, physiologic and structural organisms. Cadmium as the second most toxic metal in marine environments is considered. Bivalvia especially oysters are Suitable bioindicators due to its high filtration rates, immobility and lack of regulatory systems for removing of heavy metals. Crassostrea sp. is new species has wide distribution in Bandar Emam Khomeini. This species is the best for using toxicity testing to determine the effects of heavy metal pollutants in the environment. The aim this study is determination of Medium Lethal Concentration (LC5096h), Maximum Allowable Toxicant Concentration (MATC) and Lowest Observed Effect Concentration (LOEC) of Cadmium in Crassostrea sp. oyster. Fifty oysters (5.3±0.76 gr) were collected from Bandar Emam Khomaini and transported to laboratory. After Acclimatization (for 7 days), the 96-h LC_50 tests were conducted (static Method) according to standard instruction O.E.C.D. The 96 h LC_50, NOEC and LOEC were 15.8, 1.58 and 2.9 mg/l respectively. The LC_50 correlation whit in 24 h and 96 h were showed Linear equation y=-0.4225x+54.35