Suspicion of genital tuberculosis isolated within the unilateral ovary with the dermoid cyst: A diagnostic dilemma

© 2018, Pharmainfo Publications. All rights reserved. Genital tuberculosis isolated in the same ovary with dermoid cyst is a rare condition. We present a 25-year female with a removed dermoid cyst of the ovary who underwent urgent subsequent laparoscopy within 3 months from the first surgery in order to exclude an ectopic pregnancy. The challenging in the pathology report from the second surgery was raised suspicion of specific infection of the resected ovary. To our best knowledge, only one case of tuberculosis of the dermoid cyst reported in 1958. A multidisciplinary approach involving chest specialist, gynecologists and morphologist have opted

B(1) inhomogeneity correction of RARE MRI at low SNR: quantitative in vivo (19)F MRI of mouse neuroinflammation with a cryogenically-cooled transceive surface radiofrequency probe

PURPOSE: Low SNR in fluorine-19 (19F) MRI benefits from cryogenically-cooled transceive surface RF probes (CRPs), but strong B(1) inhomogeneities hinder quantification. Rapid acquisition with refocused echoes (RARE) is an SNR-efficient method for MRI of neuroinflammation with perfluorinated compounds but lacks an analytical signal intensity equation to retrospectively correct B(1) inhomogeneity. Here, a workflow was proposed and validated to correct and quantify (19)F-MR signals from the inflamed mouse brain using a (19)F-CRP. METHODS: In vivo (19)F-MR images were acquired in a neuroinflammation mouse model with a quadrature (19)F-CRP using an imaging setup including 3D-printed components to acquire co-localized anatomical and (19)F images. Model-based corrections were validated on a uniform (19)F phantom and in the neuroinflammatory model. Corrected (19)F-MR images were benchmarked against reference images and overlaid on in vivo (1)H-MR images. Computed concentration uncertainty maps using Monte Carlo simulations served as a measure of performance of the B(1) corrections. RESULTS: Our study reports on the first quantitative in vivo (19)F-MR images of an inflamed mouse brain using a (19)F-CRP, including in vivo T(1) calculations for (19)F-nanoparticles during pathology and B(1) corrections for (19)F-signal quantification. Model-based corrections markedly improved (19)F-signal quantification from errors > 50% to < 10% in a uniform phantom (p < 0.001). Concentration uncertainty maps ex vivo and in vivo yielded uncertainties that were generally < 25%. Monte Carlo simulations prescribed SNR ≥ 10.1 to reduce uncertainties < 10%, and SNR ≥ 4.25 to achieve uncertainties < 25%. CONCLUSION: Our model-based correction method facilitated (19)F signal quantification in the inflamed mouse brain when using the SNR-boosting (19)F-CRP technology, paving the way for future low-SNR (19)F-MRI applications in vivo

Pentafluorosulfanyl (SF(5)) as a superior (19)F magnetic resonance reporter group: signal detection and biological activity of teriflunomide derivatives

Fluorine ((19)F) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is severely limited by a low signal-to noise ratio (SNR), and tapping it for (19)F drug detection in vivo still poses a significant challenge. However, it bears the potential for label-free theranostic imaging. Recently, we detected the fluorinated dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) inhibitor teriflunomide (TF) noninvasively in an animal model of multiple sclerosis (MS) using (19)F MR spectroscopy (MRS). In the present study, we probed distinct modifications to the CF(3) group of TF to improve its SNR. This revealed SF(5) as a superior alternative to the CF(3) group. The value of the SF(5) bioisostere as a (19)F MRI reporter group within a biological or pharmacological context is by far underexplored. Here, we compared the biological and pharmacological activities of different TF derivatives and their (19)F MR properties (chemical shift and relaxation times). The (19)F MR SNR efficiency of three MRI methods revealed that SF(5)-substituted TF has the highest (19)F MR SNR efficiency in combination with an ultrashort echo-time (UTE) MRI method. Chemical modifications did not reduce pharmacological or biological activity as shown in the in vitro dihydroorotate dehydrogenase enzyme and T cell proliferation assays. Instead, SF(5)-substituted TF showed an improved capacity to inhibit T cell proliferation, indicating better anti-inflammatory activity and its suitability as a viable bioisostere in this context. This study proposes SF(5) as a novel superior (19)F MR reporter group for the MS drug teriflunomide

Suspicion of genital tuberculosis isolated within the unilateral ovary with the dermoid cyst: A diagnostic dilemma

© 2018, Pharmainfo Publications. All rights reserved. Genital tuberculosis isolated in the same ovary with dermoid cyst is a rare condition. We present a 25-year female with a removed dermoid cyst of the ovary who underwent urgent subsequent laparoscopy within 3 months from the first surgery in order to exclude an ectopic pregnancy. The challenging in the pathology report from the second surgery was raised suspicion of specific infection of the resected ovary. To our best knowledge, only one case of tuberculosis of the dermoid cyst reported in 1958. A multidisciplinary approach involving chest specialist, gynecologists and morphologist have opted