67 research outputs found
Estudi per a la implantació de World Class Manufacturing en una empresa de components d'automoció
Estudi per a la implantació de World Class Manufacturing en una empresa de components d'automoció
Degradation of polypropylene by fungi Coniochaeta hoffmannii and Pleurostoma richardsiae
This study was supported by funding from the Slovenian Research Agency to Infrastructural Centre Mycosmo (MRIC UL, I0-0022) , programmes P2-0084, P4-0432, and P1-0198, project J4-2549 and L2-1830, the Young Researcher Grant to A. Cernosa, the National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship to R. Porter (DGE-1656518) , and the Fulbright U.S. Student Program, sponsored by the U.S. Department of State. Contents are solely the responsibility of the author and do not necessarily represent official views of the Fulbright Program or US government. FTIR-ATR analyses were supported by funding by Xunta de Galicia (Grupos de Referencia Competitiva ED431C 2021/32) . We acknowledge the CENN Nanocenter for the use of the Confocal Raman spectrometer. EA acknowledges Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation MCIN/AEI/PID2021-123164OB-I00/FEDER Una Manera de hacer Europa).The urgent need for better disposal and recycling of plastics has motivated a search for microbes with the ability to degrade synthetic polymers. While microbes capable of metabolizing polyurethane and polyethylene terephthalate have been discovered and even leveraged in enzymatic recycling approaches, microbial degradation of additive-free polypropylene (PP) remains elusive. Here we report the isolation and characterization of two fungal strains with the potential to degrade pure PP. Twenty-seven fungal strains, many isolated from hydrocarbon contaminated sites, were screened for degradation of commercially used textile plastic. Of the candidate strains, two identified as Coniochaeta hoffmannii and Pleurostoma richardsiae were found to colonize the plastic fibers using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Further experiments probing degradation of pure PP films were performed using C. hoffmannii and P. richardsiae and analyzed using SEM, Raman spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy with attenuated total reflectance (FTIR-ATR). The results showed that the selected fungi were active against pure PP, with distinct differences in the bonds targeted and the degree to which each was altered. Whole genome and transcriptome sequencing was conducted for both strains and the abundance of carbohydrate active enzymes, GC content, and codon usage bias were analyzed in predicted proteomes for each. Enzymatic assays were conducted to assess each strain’s ability to degrade naturally occurring compounds as well as synthetic polymers. These investigations revealed potential adaptations to hydrocarbon-rich environments and provide a foundation for further investigation of PP degrading activity in C. hoffmannii and P. richardsiae.Slovenian Research Agency - Slovenia
I0-0022,
P2-0084,
P4-0432,
P1-0198,
J4-2549,
L2-1830National Science Foundation (NSF)
DGE-1656518Fulbright U.S. Student ProgramU.S. Department of StateXunta de Galicia
ED431C 2021/32Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation MCIN/AEI PID2021-123164OB-I00/FEDE
Simultaneous Heavy Metal-Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Removal by Native Tunisian Fungal Species
Multi-contamination by organic pollutants and toxicmetals is common in anthropogenic and
industrial environments. In this study, the five fungal strains Chaetomium jodhpurense (MH667651.1),
Chaetomium maderasense (MH665977.1), Paraconiothyrium variabile (MH667653.1), Emmia lacerata, and
Phoma betae (MH667655.1), previously isolated in Tunisia, were investigated for the simultaneous
removal and detoxification of phenanthrene (PHE) and benzo[a]anthracene (BAA), as well as heavy
metals (HMs) (Cu, Zn, Pb and Ag) in Kirk’s media. The removal was analysed using HPLC, ultra-high
performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) coupled to a QToF mass spectrometer, transmission
electron microscopy, and toxicology was assessed using phytotoxicity (Lepidium sativum seeds) and
Microtox® (Allivibrio fisherii) assays. The PHE and BAA degradation rates, in free HMs cultures,
reached 78.8% and 70.7%, respectively. However, the addition of HMs considerably affected the BAA
degradation rate. The highest degradation rates were associated with the significant production of
manganese-peroxidase, lignin peroxidase, and unspecific peroxygenase. The Zn and Cu removal
efficacy was considerably higher with live cells than dead cells. Transmission electron microscopy
confirmed the involvement of both bioaccumulation and biosorption processes in fungal HM removal.
The environmental toxicological assays proved that simultaneous PAH and HM removal was
accompanied by detoxification. The metabolites produced during co-treatment were not toxic for
plant tissues, and the acute toxicity was reduced. The obtained results indicate that the tested fungi
can be applied in the remediation of sites simultaneously contaminated with PAHs and HMs.Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research in
TunisiaFEDER/Junta de Andalucía-Consejería de TransformaciónEconómica, Industria, Conocimiento y Universidades (B-RNM-204-UGR20)Secretaria de Investigacion y posgrado SIP of IPN (Project number 20230427
Pharmaceutical Pollution in Aquatic Environments: A Concise Review of Environmental Impacts and Bioremediation Systems
MO received a Ph.D. grant from the Junta de Castilla y Leon (Spain). Open Access Funding was provided by the University of Helsinki.The presence of emerging contaminants in the environment, such as pharmaceuticals,
is a growing global concern. The excessive use of medication globally, together
with the recalcitrance of pharmaceuticals in traditional wastewater treatment systems,
has caused these compounds to present a severe environmental problem. In
recent years, the increase in their availability, access and use of drugs has
caused concentrations in water bodies to rise substantially. Considered as emerging
contaminants, pharmaceuticals represent a challenge in the field of environmental
remediation; therefore, alternative add-on systems for traditional wastewater treatment
plants are continuously being developed to mitigate their impact and reduce their effects
on the environment and human health. In this review, we describe the current status
and impact of pharmaceutical compounds as emerging contaminants, focusing on their
presence in water bodies, and analyzing the development of bioremediation systems,
especially mycoremediation, for the removal of these pharmaceutical compounds with
a special focus on fungal technologies.Junta de Castilla y LeonUniversity of Helsink
Enzymatic Potential of Bacteria and Fungi Isolates from the Sewage Sludge Composting Process
The aim of this study was the isolation and characterisation of the fungi and bacteria
during the composting process of sewage sludge under a semipermeable membrane system at
full scale, in order to find isolates with enzymatic activities of biotechnological interest. A total
of 40 fungi were isolated and enzymatically analysed. Fungal culture showed a predominance of
members of Ascomycota and Basidiomycota division and some representatives of Mucoromycotina
subdivision. Some noticeable fungi isolated during the mesophilic and thermophilic phase were
Aspergillus, Circinella, and Talaromyces. During the maturation phase, some lignin modifying enzyme
producers, like Purpureocillium, Thielavia, Bjerkandera, or Dichotomyces, were found. Within this group,
Thielavia and Bjerkandera showed high activity with production of laccases and peroxidases. In the
bacterial culturome, a total of 128 strains were selected and enzymatically analysed. Bacillales,
Actinomycetales, Pseudomonadales, and Lactobacillales were the orders most represented in
culture-bacteria. Bacillus pumilus, B. stratosphericus, B. safensis, and Pseudomonas formosensis were
the species most e cient in enzyme production, particularly peroxidases, polyphenol oxidases
ammonifying activity, and amylases. These results showed that sewage sludge composting piles
could represent a source of microorganisms which have adapted to adverse conditions.Junta de Andalucía
RNM-7370
CTM2017-84332-RJunta de Andalucía
RYC-2013-1248
First Report of in Vitro Biological Agent to Biocontrol of Date Palm Stipe Rot Affected by Fusarium brachygibbosum by Using Pergularia tomentosa L., Aqueous Extract
Palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) is a specie cultivated in Mauritania. The present study is focus on the potential of the aqueous extract of the Pergularia tomentosa L., as biological control agent against Fusarium brachygibbosum, the main agent of the date palm stipe rot disease in Mauritania. Fungal pathogen was isolated from symptomatic date palm stipe rot disease in Mauritania. The morphological characterization and the molecular identification by sequencing ITS1, ITS2 5.8 RNAr region showed homology of 98% with Fusarium brachygibbosum strain UOA/HCPF 16982 s during in vitro tests on leaves performed to verify its phytopathogenicity. the inhibitory effect of aqueous extract of Pergularia tomentosa L. on the phytopathogenic isolate (Fusarium brachygibbosum) of date palm, on mycelial growth and spore germination was observed. In fact, in vitro on PDA, mycelial growth ranged from 39.23 to 67.7 %, depending on the concentration of the aqueous extract of P. tomentosa. The aqueous extract showed a reduction of spore germination varying from 5.3 to 23.8 %. The minimum inhibitory concentrations varied from 1 to 100 mg/ml. the various extracts give high antioxidant activities exhibited by DPPH assay. Multivariant analysis by PCA plot and the heatmap were done, to evaluate the correlation between the tested parameters. These results suggest the use of Pergularia tomentosa L., extract as a biological agent to control and reduce damage caused by Fusarium brachygibbosum.National Agency for Scientific Research and Innovation in Mauritani
Overview on the Biochemical Potential of Filamentous Fungi to Degrade Pharmaceutical Compounds
Pharmaceuticals represent an immense business with increased demand due to intensive livestock raising and an aging human population, which guarantee the quality of human life and well-being. However, the development of removal technologies for these compounds is not keeping pace with the swift increase in their use. Pharmaceuticals constitute a potential risk group of multiclass chemicals of increasing concern since they are extremely frequent in all environments and have started to exhibit negative effects on micro- and macro-fauna as well as on human health. In this context, fungi are known to be extremely diverse and poorly studied microorganisms despite being well suited for bioremediation processes, taking into account their metabolic and physiological characteristics for the transformation of even highly toxic xenobiotic compounds. Increasing studies indicate that fungi can transform many structures of pharmaceutical compounds, including anti-inflammatories, β-blockers, and antibiotics. This is possible due to different mechanisms in combination with the extracellular and intracellular enzymes, which have broad of biotechnological applications. Thus, fungi and their enzymes could represent a promising tool to deal with this environmental problem. Here, we review the studies performed on pharmaceutical compounds biodegradation by the great diversity of these eukaryotes. We examine the state of the art of the current application of the Basidiomycota division, best known in this field, as well as the assembly of novel biodegradation pathways within the Ascomycota division and the Mucoromycotina subdivision from the standpoint of shared enzymatic systems, particularly for the cytochrome P450 superfamily of enzymes, which appear to be the key enzymes in these catabolic processes. Finally, we discuss the latest advances in the field of genetic engineering for their further application
Pharmaceutical Pollution in Aquatic Environments: A Concise Review of Environmental Impacts and Bioremediation Systems
The presence of emerging contaminants in the environment, such as pharmaceuticals, is a growing global concern. The excessive use of medication globally, together with the recalcitrance of pharmaceuticals in traditional wastewater treatment systems, has caused these compounds to present a severe environmental problem. In recent years, the increase in their availability, access and use of drugs has caused concentrations in water bodies to rise substantially. Considered as emerging contaminants, pharmaceuticals represent a challenge in the field of environmental remediation; therefore, alternative add-on systems for traditional wastewater treatment plants are continuously being developed to mitigate their impact and reduce their effects on the environment and human health. In this review, we describe the current status and impact of pharmaceutical compounds as emerging contaminants, focusing on their presence in water bodies, and analyzing the development of bioremediation systems, especially mycoremediation, for the removal of these pharmaceutical compounds with a special focus on fungal technologies.Peer reviewe
Evaluation of the Potential of Sewage Sludge Mycobiome to Degrade High Diclofenac and Bisphenol-A Concentrations
One of the most challenging environmental threats of the last two decades is the effects of
emerging pollutants (EPs) such as pharmaceutical compounds or industrial additives. Diclofenac
and bisphenol A have regularly been found in wastewater treatment plants, and in soils and water
bodies because of their extensive usage and their recalcitrant nature. Due to the fact of this adversity,
fungal communities play an important role in being able to safely degrade EPs. In this work, we
obtained a sewage sludge sample to study both the culturable and non-culturable microorganisms
through DNA extraction and massive sequencing using Illumina MiSeq techniques, with the goal
of finding degraders adapted to polluted environments. Afterward, degradation experiments on
diclofenac and bisphenol A were performed with the best fungal degraders. The analysis of bacterial
diversity showed that Dethiosulfovibrionaceae, Comamonadaceae, and Isosphaeraceae were the
most abundant families. A predominance of Ascomycota fungi in the culturable and non-culturable
population was also detected. Species such as Talaromyces gossypii, Syncephalastrum monosporum,
Aspergillus tabacinus, and Talaromyces verruculosus had remarkable degradation rates, up to 80% of
diclofenac and bisphenol A was fully degraded. These results highlight the importance of characterizing autochthonous microorganisms and the possibility of selecting native fungal microorganisms
to develop tailored biotransformation technologies for EPs.Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO)European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) funds, grant number[(CTM2017-84332-R (MINECO/
AEI/FEDER/UE))Consejo Nacional
de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACyT, México), grant number (CVU 230592- I1200/94/2020 and 377965,
respectively)GAP was funded by Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y
Tecnología (CONACyT, Mexico) grant number (CVU 772485-739637
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