5 research outputs found
Sustainability indicators in cooperative management of recyclable materials
Following the promulgation of the National Solid Waste Policy in 2010, legal
provisions, government programs and sectoral agreements have been implemented, but without
the expected efficiency in relation to recycling. It should be noted that Cooperatives of Recyclable
Material Pickers (CRMP) should play a leading role in this regard, but they do not have adequate
management to be economically, socially and environmentally sustainable, depending on
assistance to maintain the activity. Aiming to elucidate this issue, in this paper was made an
institutional diagnosis of the category of waste pickers using the Gramacho region in the city of
Duque de Caxias (Rio de Janeiro) as a case study. It was carried out an evaluation of the historical
context of the neighbourhood, and it was drawn up a semi-structured questionnaire in 12 of the
18 cooperatives in the region. The data were interpreted through a SWOT matrix and the Venn
diagram. A matrix was proposed and elaborated with 15 sustainability indicators specific to the
CRMC reality in order to evaluate and monitor the management of cooperatives. After collecting
the primary data, it was possible to validate the matrix of indicators with indexes of cultural,
economic, political and ecological sustainability of the cooperatives. It was found that the matrix
of indicators facilitated the understanding of the data and the comparison between the indicators.
This tool can help decision-making, creation of action plans and identification of demands by the
cooperative waste pickers themselves, without the presence of an analyst or technician
Microstructure and texture evolution during the manufacturing of in situ TiC-NiCr cermet through selective laser melting process
The effects of different selective laser melting (SLM) scan speeds (150 mm.sâ1, 95 mm.sâ1, 60 mm.sâ1, 55 mm.sâ1, and 50 mm.sâ1) on the microstructure and texture evolution of in situ TiC-NiCr cermet were investigated in the present study. The rotating scan strategy of 60° rotation (Rot-scan) was used to print the samples. Microstructural evolutions were investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) and X-ray diffraction analyses were used to identify the micro- and macro-crystallographic preferred orientation (texture). According to the results, the in situ formation of TiC via exothermic reaction resulted in different directions of temperature gradient in the melt pool. Consequently, nucleation and growth occurred in various directions. However, α-fiber texture could be observed in the orientation distribution function (ODF) of the manufactured specimens. © 2021 Elsevier Inc