تکنیک آموزشی جیگساو رویکردی مناسب در آموزش پرستاری

یکی از روش های نوین آموزشی که اساس آن بر مبنای یادگیری مشارکتی قرار دارد، روش پازل یا جیگسا است. در این روش فراگیران به چند گروه کوچک سه تا پنج نفره غیر همگن تقسیم می شوند. سپس مطلبی از موضوع درسی به یک نفر از هر گروه برای مطالعه واگذار می شود. به همین صورت مطالب بین افراد هر گروه توزیع می شود. معلم مدت زمانی را برای فراگیران جهت مطالعه مشخص می کند. پس از اتمام زمان، افراد هر گروه که موضوع مشترکی داشته اند دور هم جمع می شوند و یک گروه جدید تشکیل می دهند

Nurses' Experiences of Intimacy with the Patient in Pediatric Wards Affiliated to Mazandaran and Golestan Universities of Medical Sciences, Iran, 2016

Introduction: Intimacy is a kind of communication in which people need to have mutual trust and emotional closeness, and be able to detect each other's thoughts and feelings. Nurses need to establish a meaningful relationship with the child and his/her family. This study aimed to explain the quality of intimacy between nurses and patients in pediatric ward. Method: This phenomenological study was done in two university medical centers affiliated to Mazandaran and Golestan universities of medical sciences in Iran during the year 2016. 12 nurses were chosen in pediatric wards via purposive sampling method. To collect the data, semi-structured interviews were performed with at least one common question "When I say intimacy with the patient, what comes to your mind? Tell me about it"; probing questions such as why, how, and for example, frequently were used to deepen interviews. Interviews were recorded and transcribed immediately, and then were analyzed using a 7-step Collaizzi method. Results: A central theme of "intimacy as the key of successful relationship" with three subthemes "interaction for patient education", "interaction for qualified care", and "care for humanitarian interaction" were extracted. Conclusion: Nurses' perception of intimacy with the patient and his/her family was nothing but professional communication for qualified care. Using the art of intimacy, nurses interact with patients and make a bridge to educate, take care, follow up, and treat the patient and family based on humanitarian behaviors. Keywords: Nurses, Patient relationship, Family, Child, Phenomenolog

Rocky Road Ahead Of Nursing Presence in the Oncology Care Unit: A Qualitative Study

BACKGROUND: Cancer patients need not only well-planned treatment, but also comprehensive nursing care provided with compassion, competence, and conscience. Nursing presence is an essential part of the care process in all nursing interventions. AIM: This study aimed to identify the barriers to the nursing presence in oncology care units. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A qualitative content analysis study was carried out with the participation of 27 nurses who were chosen by purposive sampling. The data collection instruments were semi-structured interviews and observation. The interviews were recorded and transcribed, and then coded and analysed by the Graneheim and Lundman’s content analysis methodology. The criteria proposed by Guba and Lincoln were used to ensure the validity of the research. RESULTS: From the data analysis, the researchers were able to obtain a primary theme labelled “Rocky road ahead of nursing presence†and two subthemes labelled “Difficult and stressful work environment†and “Dysfunctional rules and regulations†with several subcategories including “exposure to violenceâ€, “shortage of nursing staffâ€, “inattention to the needs of nursesâ€, “organizational unfairnessâ€, “excessive paperworkâ€, and “need for detailed documentationâ€. CONCLUSION: There are numerous challenges ahead of achieving satisfactory nursing presence and quality care in the oncology care units. The findings highlight the key role of organisational conditions in the nursing presence and the dire need to pay further attention to the motivational factors

Managing large classes: the challenge of medical science university professors

Letter To Edito

Exploring the experiences of oncology nurses about the factors facilitating their presence at the bedside of patients with cancer: A qualitative study

Background: The presence of nurses at patients' bedside is regarded as an indication of the quality of care. There is not enough evidence on facilitators of nurses' presence at cancer patients' bedside. Aim: The present study aimed to investigate nurses' experiences of factors facilitating their presence at patients' bedside in oncology ward. Subjects and Methods: In this qualitative study, data were collected using purposeful sampling and semi-structured individual interviews with 25 oncology nurses from two teaching hospitals in Sari, Northern Iran, between 2016 and 2017. Interviews were digitally recorded, handwritten, coded, classified, and analyzed using conventional content analysis approach. Results: Data analysis led to the development of three main categories and seven subcategories. The first category, namely, “leverage spirituality” with two subcategories (motivational beliefs and religious motives). “Being with patient with compassion and commitment” is the second category with two subcategories (sense of altruism and compassionate care and adherence to the profession). The third category is “effective communication” with three subcategories (initial methods being patient, soothing communication, and intimate communication). Conclusion: The results of this study showed that nurses' spiritual beliefs, kindness, and professional commitment and establishing human-friendly relationships with the patient and family would help the nurses of the oncology unit to have a more effective presence in the patients' bed. It seems that further studies are needed to examine the facilitators of the presence of oncology nurses on patients' bedside based on severity of illness

Title: High Order Teaching: Necessity Approach In Nursing Education

Letter to Edito

Medical Errors Management Before and After Implementation of Accreditation in Hospital

Background and purpose: This study aimed to manage medical errors before and after the implementation of accreditation in public, private, and social security hospitals of Mazandaran, Iran. Materials and Methods: This descriptive study has been done in 38 hospitals. Data were collected through documents reviewed relating to 2013 and 2014. The paired t-test and Friedman test were used by statistical software SPSS. Results: Results showed that the most and the least percent of reported errors, before accreditation, in sequence, were related to public clinical unit (55.9%) and operating rooms (0.6%), and after accreditation in public clinical unit (46.6%) and operating rooms (2.3%) in teaching centers. The most errors (before accreditation) occurred in the morning (62%) and the least, in the evening (8.3%) in teaching centers. Furthermore, after accreditation, the most errors occurred in the morning (64.8%) and the least, in the night (17.3%) in therapeutic hospitals. Paired t-test showed that there is no significant difference between medical errors before and after accreditation. Friedman test showed that structural/systemic errors reported were the most important medical errors in teaching centers after accreditation and therapeutic hospitals before accreditation (P < 0.05). Conclusion: There is no significant difference between the rate of reported errors before and after the implementation of accreditation. This illustrates that the role of management in controlling of medical errors has been poor, and stronger management should be applied in providing health care services