Seroepidemiology Of Human Cytomegalovirus In Pregnant Women and their Neonates In Kerman City During 2005

Abstract: Introduction: Human Cytomegalovirus (HCMV) or Human Herpes Virus Type-5(HHV-5) is a member of herpesviridae placed in subtype beta herpesvirinae. CMV is a ubiquitous pathogenic virus and can infect humans all through their life. Prevalence of CMV infection in developed countries is about 45% and in developing countries it varies up to 100%. CMV infection during pregnancy is very important, because it can threat life of both mother and her fetus, and it can cause congenital defects. Maternal infection is a determining factor in neonatal infection. The present study was conducted to determine the prevalence rate of CMV infection as well as the relationship between underlying factors of this infection in women and their neonates in Kerman. Methods: ELISA technique and Diagnostic Kits (EIA WELL, Rome, Italy) were used to determine the seroprevalence of 794 samples (397 maternal, 397 neonatal) collected from 5 delivery centers in Kerman. Results: The frequency distributions of maternal primary infection, secondary infection, immune mothers and seronegative cases were respectively 0.76% (3 cases), 32.24% (128 cases), 59.7% (237 cases) and 7.3% (29 cases). Seroprevalence rate for CMV-IgG and CMV-IgM of mothers were respectively, 33.8% (134 cases) and 91.94% (365 cases). No significant relationship was found between CMV infection and factors of mother’s age and occupation, husband’s occupation, number of children, parity, family income, previous history of abortion, pervious history of blood transfusion and organ transplant, febrile disease during pregnancy and place of residency; however, mother’s educational level showed a significant relation (P=0.38). Conclusion: Due to high prevalence rate of CMV found in this study, further studies about the diagnosis, epidemiology and detection of CMV primary infections in mothers and their neonates, are highly recommended. . Keywords: HCMV, Seroepidemiology, Maternal Infection, Primary Infection, Secondary Infection, ELIS

Identification of the crucial parameters regarding the efficacy of ribavirin therapy in Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF) patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis

OBJECTIVES: Recently, ribavirin has been suggested as a therapeutic approach in Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF) patients; however, there are controversial findings about its efficacy. In the current study, a meta-analysis was systematically performed to assess the effectiveness of ribavirin administration regarding CCHF patient survival and to explore the most important influential parameters for its efficacy. METHODS: All of the outcomes of the clinically studied CCHF patients who were treated with ribavirin were included in the meta-analysis. RESULTS: Overall, 24 studies met our criteria. Although the studies did not have high quality there was no heterogeneity and publication bias across studies. The results indicated that the administration of ribavirin to CCHF patients significantly decreased the mortality rate (by 1.7-fold) compared with those who did not receive this medication. Furthermore, it was found that the prescription of ribavirin in the initial phase of disease was more effective, and a delay in the start of treatment resulted in a 1.6-fold increase in mortality rate. In addition, interventional therapy resulted in an â�¼2.3-fold reduction in the mortality rate of those who received ribavirin along with corticosteroids compared with those who were treated with ribavirin monotherapy. CONCLUSIONS: This meta-analysis reveals that ribavirin should be considered as a crucial antiviral drug in the therapeutic approach used for CCHF patients, especially in early phases of the disease. Additionally, it seems that the administration of corticosteroids alongside ribavirin can play an effective role in alleviation of the disease status, particularly in haemorrhagic phases. © The Author(s) 2019. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: [email protected]