Orbital Extension of a Giant Ethmoidal Sinus Osteoma in a 30-Year-old Female

Abstract Introduction: Osteoma is a benign tumor rarely found in the paranasal sinuses

The Demographic Characteristics of Head and Neck Tumors in Patients admitted to the ENT Department of Shafa Hospital, Kerman during, 2012-2014

Background: Head and neck tumors are one of the six common tumors in the world with about 900,000 new cases diagnosed annually. This study aimed to investigate the demographic characteristics of head and neck tumors according to electronic data on the web. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed. The information of all patients admitted to the ENT department of Shafa hospital, with a head and neck tumor was entered into electronically designed forms. Data were described analyzed using SPSS software version 18 and chi-square test. Results: The mean age of the samples was (51.1± 15.9) years, and 73.4% of them were male. 80% of the tumors were malignant. The most common type of cancer and site involvement was squamous cell carcinoma and the larynx respectively. The frequency of tumors was significantly higher in males (P <0.001), but there was no relationship between family history and tumor types (P = 0.98). Conclusion: It is suggested that more studies be conducted in other provinces to compare with the results of this study. Keywords: Head and neck tumors, cancer, Kerman, electronic for

Foreign Bodies: Aspirated or Ingested? A Report of Two Unusual Cases

Introduction: The diagnosis of foreign bodies in the upper aerodigestive tract is usually straightforward but sometimes it can be delayed or the location of esophageal and upper airway foreign bodies can be mistakenly interchanged. Case Report: We present two interesting cases that caused diagnostic challenges which could have led to serious complications if a greater delay in diagnosis had occurred. Conclusion: In order to diagnose upper aerodigestive tract foreign bodies without delay, a careful history and physical examination with proper X-rays are helpful

Effects of Tonsil size on Pulmonary Function test Results after Tonsillectomy in Children

Introduction: Adenotonsillar hypertrophy is a typical cause of surgery in children. Evaluation and identification of patients as potential candidates tonsillectomy is a primary concern for otolaryngologists. This study focuses on the results of pulmonary function tests (PFTs) after tonsillectomy in children. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study examined 50 patients suffering from tonsillar hypertrophy in 2013. Full details and results of otolaryngology examinations were recorded. Moreover, patients were examined with respect to forced inspiratory flow at 50% of vital capacity (FIF50%), forced expiratory flow at 50% of vital capacity (FEF50%), forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1)/peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR), and FEV1/forced expired volume in 0.5 seconds (FEV0.5) before and after surgery using spirometry. All data were analyzed using SPSS Software (version 19), and central descriptive measures, and data were compared by performing T-test and Chi-square tests. Results: According to tonsil size, patients were distributed as follows: 18 patients (36%) with +1 tonsil size, 18 patients (36%) with +2 tonsil size, and seven patients (14%) with +3 tonsil size, and seven patients (14%) with +4 tonsil size. Thirty-three (66%) and 17 patients (34%) were female and male, respectively, with a mean of age of 9.7 2.97 years (range, 7–18 years). Seventy-eight percent of patients were aged 10 years or less. Moreover, 25 patients (50%), 17 patients (34%), and eight patients (16%), respectively, reported obstructive symptoms, recurrent tonsillitis, and both symptoms. In patients with +3 and +4 tonsil size, spirometric parameters indicated relief of symptoms of obstruction. Only in patients with +4 tonsil size were the changes statistically significant. Conclusion: Tonsillectomy can relieve obstructive symptoms in patients with tonsils larger than +3 to a great extent. Additionally, spirometry can identify patients with +3 and +4 tonsils who do not have clinical signs of an obstructive upper airway

The Incidence rate of hypothyroidism following head and neck radiotherapy visiting the radiotherapy clinic at Shafa Medical Center, Kerman, Iran

Background: Hypothyroidism means the production of thyroid hormone is inadequate for normal human activity. Due to the high prevalence of hypothyroidism after radiotherapy with and without surgery and the large number of patients treated at the radiotherapy center of Shafa hospital, this study aimed to determine the incidence of hypothyroidism in patients referred to this center and to motivate identifying them. Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 100 patients visiting the Radiotherapy Center of Shafa Hospital during the years 2008-2014. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 20 using t-test in the subgroups. Results: The mean age of the participants was 56.65 ± 11.29 and 19% were diagnosed with hypothyroidism. There was a significant relation between the stage of tumor (P = 0.014) and type of treatment (P <0.001) with hypothyroidism. Conclusion: Overall, it seems that the incidence of hypothyroidism in patients receiving radiotherapy is high, especially in patients undergoing radiotherapy with surgery. Special attention should be paid to screening patients with laryngeal cancer or other cancers of the head and neck, after radiotherapy and surgery. Keywords: Hypothyroidism, Incidence, Radiation therapy, Head and neck tumors

The Fungi Flora of Healthy Nasal Mucosa in Kerman, Iran

Introduction: Environmental fungi, molds and yeasts, can infest the nasal cavity through inhaled air. There is some evidence that they could be the main cause of Chronic Rhinosinusitis (CRS) but little is known about the normal fungal flora in the human nose. The objective of this study was to assess the normal fungal flora of the nasal mucus in adults in Kerman. Materials and Methods: We conducted a cross sectional study. Nasal swabs were used to sample the nasal cavity of 100 adults, 46 men and 54 women between 17 and 60 years old, currently living in Kerman, Iran. Results: Among 100 healthy people, one or more types of fungi were detected in 31 (31%) persons; Candida in 12 persons, Aspergillus in 8 persons, Streptomyces in 8 persons, and Penicillium, Nocardia and Mucor in a few persons. In only 4 persons, more than one type of fungi was detected. There was no significant relation between age, sex, education or smoking with the presence of fungi. Conclusion: Fungi have been considered one of the causative agents of CRS and differences in climatic conditions can influence the fungi flora

The Epidemiology of Parotid Tumors at the Ear, Nose and Throat Department of Shafa Educational Hospital, Kerman, Iran

Background: Neoplasms of the parotid glands are rare and constitute 3-4% of all head and neck tumors. The aim of this study was to determine the epidemiology of parotid surgeries at the ear, nose, and throat (ENT) department of Shafa Hospital, Kerman, Iran. Methods: In a cross-sectional study from March 2006 until March 2011, all patients who had had parotidectomy at Shafa Hospital (n = 47) were included. Their tumor type, pathology, age, gender, type of surgery, and early surgery complications were evaluated. Results: The mean age of the patients was 40.1 years and 20 of them (42.6%) were male. Seven cases (14.9%) had malignant tumors and 37 (78.7%) had benign tumors. Total and subtotal parotidectomy were performed for 21.3% and 78.7% of the patients, respectively. Early complications of surgery were detected in eight cases (17.0%), i.e. four cases (8.5%) had facial paralysis, three patients (6.4%) had hematoma, and one individual (2.1%) had an infection. Malignancy was not significantly related with either age or gender. Conclusion: The prevalence of benign and malignant tumors and complications of surgery in this center was similar to other national and international studies. Systematic data collection and appropriate databases should be established to increase accuracy and reduce errors in similar research. Keywords: Parotid, Tumor, Benign, Malignant, Surgical complicatio

The Prevalence of Intranasal and Paranasal masses and their Pathological Type in Patients visiting Shafa Hospital, Kerman, between 2006 - 2011

Background: Intranasal and paranasal sinus masses are divided into neoplastic and non-neoplastic. This study was designed to evaluate the frequency and histopathology pattern of the nasal and paranasal masses in the otolaryngology department of Shafa Hospital during 2006-2011. Methods: This study was done based on 146 medical records at the ENT department of Shafa Hospital during 6 years from 2006 to 2011, and the tumors were evaluated based on their pathological diagnosis. In this study, in addition to demographic information, disease symptoms and duration, location of the mass, allergy history and profession of the patient, was also recorded. T-test and chi- square were used for analyzing the results. The statistical software used was Excel and SPSS 16. Results: The average age of the patients was 37.8 and 60.3% were male. The most prevalent location for the tumors was the nasal cavity. 88.4% of the masses were benign. Among the inflammatory masses allergic polyps were the most prevalent. Among the benign masses Hemangioma and Inverted papilloma and among the malignant masses, Nasopharyngeal carcinoma and Adenocarcinoma were the most prevalent. The most prevalent symptom in patients was nasal obstruction (91.1%). Conclusion: Most of the tumors of the nasal and sinus cavities occur in the nasal cavity and mainly present with nasal obstructions. Most of these tumors are inflammatory but a percent are malignant and should be paid attention. Keywords: Nasal mass, Paranasal sinus mass, Kerma

Orbital Extension of a Giant Ethmoidal Sinus Osteoma in a 30-Year-old Female

Introduction: Osteoma is a benign tumor rarely found in the paranasal sinuses.   Case Report: A 30-year-old female presented with an 8-month history of proptosis of the right eye that was progressing slowly. She was diagnosed with ethmoid osteoma and managed with collaborative surgery at the ophthalmology and otolaryngology departments. After surgery, the patient suffered visual loss that was managed medically. The surgical steps and protocol used for safe removal are discussed in the report.    Conclusion: Management of a giaint osteoma extending to orbital tissue needs meticulous dissection through open approach and collaborative surgery by otolaryngologist and ophtalmologis

Foreign Bodies: Aspirated or Ingested? A Report of Two Unusual Cases

Introduction: The diagnosis of foreign bodies in the upper aerodigestive tract is usually straightforward but sometimes it can be delayed or the location of esophageal and upper airway foreign bodies can be mistakenly interchanged.  Case Report: We present two interesting cases that caused diagnostic challenges which could have led to serious complications if a greater delay in diagnosis had occurred.  Conclusion: In order to diagnose upper aerodigestive tract foreign bodies without delay, a careful history and physical examination with proper X-rays are helpful