SDS PAGE OF WHOLE CELL PROTEIN, IMMUNOBLOTTING AND PROTEIN A ASSAY FOR TYPING OF STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS ISOLATED ON DOGS AND CATS

A total of 36 isolates of Staphylococcus aureus from hospitalised and out patient dogs and cats were typed using SDS PAGE of whole cell protein, immunoblotting and protein A assayment by ELISA test. 15/24 and 14/24 profiles were recognised using SDS PAGE and immunoblotting respectively. It is concluded that SDS PAGE of whole cell protein and immunoblotting could be used as a typing methods for the characterisation of S. aureus strains. Protein A assayment could be used for the detection of S. aureus strains in samples but could not be used to differentiate between different strains. &nbsp

The Effects of Seasons, Age of the Animal and Storage Time on Physical Properties of Camel’s Meat (Camelus Dromedarius

   The aim of this study was to determine the effect of age of the animal and storage time on the physical properties of camel’s meat in autumn, summer and winter seasons. A total number of 135 meat samples from camels ranged between 1-9 years age were chosen. The samples were analysed for pH, water holding capacity, oxidative rancidity and color determination. The ultimate pH and water holding capacity showed a significant difference (p >0.05) in different seasons and storage periods. The rancidity and color determination of meat showed significant difference (p >0.05) in different seasons, different storage period and different age of the animals. The study concluded: those different seasons had a significant effect on the quality of camel’s meat, due to its effect on pH and water holding capacity. Age of the animals had a significant effect on water holding capacity, rancidity and colour, but it had no significant effect on pH. The storage period had a significant effect on the oxidative rancidity and colour that affect the shelf life of meat.&nbsp

Molecular characterization (PCR-Based Methods) of Staphylococcus aureus isolated on dogs and cats

A total of 36 isolates of Staphylococcus aureus from hospitalised and out patient dogs and cats were typed by RAPD-PCR, and 36 isolates were selected for further typing by ERIC-PCR and Coagulase gene-PCR and Coagulase gene RFLP, indicating a low degree of polymorphism in the coagulase genes. In this study, it is noticeable that RAPD-PCR displayed desirable typing quality by its ability to group the apparently related isolates from outpatient and hospitalised cats and dogs, whereas ERIC-PCR has the tendency to group the isolates into a single major cluster

Effect of CYP2C19 genetic variants on bleeding and major adverse cardiovascular events in a cohort of Arab patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention and stent implantation

Introduction One-third of patients have clopidogrel resistance that may lead to major adverse cardiac events (MACEs). By contrast, it was found that some clopidogrel-treated patients have hyperresponsive platelets that are associated with higher bleeding risk. Several studies have shown that polymorphisms in the gene encoding the CYP2C19 contribute to the variability in response to clopidogrel. Data on genetic and nongenetic factors affecting clopidogrel response in the Arab population are scarce. In this prospective cohort study, we sought to assess the association between the increased function allele (CYP2C19?17) and bleeding events, and validate the effect of the CYP2C19 genetic variants and nongenetic factors on the incidence of MACEs. Methods Blood samples were collected from patients that were undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention and receiving clopidogrel at the Heart Hospital, a specialist tertiary hospital in Doha, Qatar. Patients were followed for 12 months. Genotyping was performed for CYP2C19?2, ?3, and ?17 using TaqMan assays. Results In 254 patients, the minor allele frequencies were 0.13, 0.004, and 0.21 for ?2, ?3, and ?17, respectively. Over a 12-month follow-up period, there were 21 bleeding events (8.5 events/100 patient-year). CYP2C19?17 carriers were found to be associated with increased risk of bleeding (OR, 21.6; 95% CI, 4.8-96.8; P < 0.0001). CYP2C19?2 or ?3 carriers were found to be associated with increased risk of baseline and incident MACE combined (OR, 8.4; 95% CI, 3.2-23.9; P < 0.0001). Conclusion This study showed a significant association between CYP2C19?17 allele and the increased risk of bleeding, and CYP2C19?2 or ?3 with MACE outcomes. 2022 Lippincott Williams and Wilkins. All rights reserved.The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: This research was funded by Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar (grant number: IRGC-02-NI-052). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.Scopu

Long-term (180-Day) outcomes in critically Ill patients with COVID-19 in the REMAP-CAP randomized clinical trial

Importance The longer-term effects of therapies for the treatment of critically ill patients with COVID-19 are unknown. Objective To determine the effect of multiple interventions for critically ill adults with COVID-19 on longer-term outcomes. Design, Setting, and Participants Prespecified secondary analysis of an ongoing adaptive platform trial (REMAP-CAP) testing interventions within multiple therapeutic domains in which 4869 critically ill adult patients with COVID-19 were enrolled between March 9, 2020, and June 22, 2021, from 197 sites in 14 countries. The final 180-day follow-up was completed on March 2, 2022. Interventions Patients were randomized to receive 1 or more interventions within 6 treatment domains: immune modulators (n = 2274), convalescent plasma (n = 2011), antiplatelet therapy (n = 1557), anticoagulation (n = 1033), antivirals (n = 726), and corticosteroids (n = 401). Main Outcomes and Measures The main outcome was survival through day 180, analyzed using a bayesian piecewise exponential model. A hazard ratio (HR) less than 1 represented improved survival (superiority), while an HR greater than 1 represented worsened survival (harm); futility was represented by a relative improvement less than 20% in outcome, shown by an HR greater than 0.83. Results Among 4869 randomized patients (mean age, 59.3 years; 1537 [32.1%] women), 4107 (84.3%) had known vital status and 2590 (63.1%) were alive at day 180. IL-6 receptor antagonists had a greater than 99.9% probability of improving 6-month survival (adjusted HR, 0.74 [95% credible interval {CrI}, 0.61-0.90]) and antiplatelet agents had a 95% probability of improving 6-month survival (adjusted HR, 0.85 [95% CrI, 0.71-1.03]) compared with the control, while the probability of trial-defined statistical futility (HR >0.83) was high for therapeutic anticoagulation (99.9%; HR, 1.13 [95% CrI, 0.93-1.42]), convalescent plasma (99.2%; HR, 0.99 [95% CrI, 0.86-1.14]), and lopinavir-ritonavir (96.6%; HR, 1.06 [95% CrI, 0.82-1.38]) and the probabilities of harm from hydroxychloroquine (96.9%; HR, 1.51 [95% CrI, 0.98-2.29]) and the combination of lopinavir-ritonavir and hydroxychloroquine (96.8%; HR, 1.61 [95% CrI, 0.97-2.67]) were high. The corticosteroid domain was stopped early prior to reaching a predefined statistical trigger; there was a 57.1% to 61.6% probability of improving 6-month survival across varying hydrocortisone dosing strategies. Conclusions and Relevance Among critically ill patients with COVID-19 randomized to receive 1 or more therapeutic interventions, treatment with an IL-6 receptor antagonist had a greater than 99.9% probability of improved 180-day mortality compared with patients randomized to the control, and treatment with an antiplatelet had a 95.0% probability of improved 180-day mortality compared with patients randomized to the control. Overall, when considered with previously reported short-term results, the findings indicate that initial in-hospital treatment effects were consistent for most therapies through 6 months