Wound healing acceleration in inflammationphase of post-tooth extraction after aerobicand anaerobic exercise

Background: Tooth extraction leads a wound healing that is expected to be physiologicallyhealed in a short time. Both aerobic and anaerobic physical exercises are scientifically provento enhance various biological functions as well as to accelerate the wound healing in oralmucosa. Aerobic exercise increases tissue oxygenation, accelerates the wound healing andthis is different to anaerobic exercise which is considered to produce more free radicals andinterferes the wound healing process. Purpose: To observe the differences of wound healing effectiveness in the inflammatory phaseafter tooth extraction based on the number of PMN and macrophage cells in Wistar rats (Rattusnorvegicus) that received aerobic and anaerobic exercise. Methods: Forty-two rats were divided into three groups: control group (K), aerobic exercisegroup (P1), and anaerobic exercise group (P2). In each group the number of PMN cells wascalculated one day after tooth extraction and the counting of the macrophage cells were per-formed on the other groups two days later. Data was analyzed statistically using Kruskal Wallis,Levene’s test, and proceed with Oneway Anova. Results: The highest number of PMN and macrophage cells was obtained in P1 group and thelowest results were in K group. The data between groups demonstrated significant differences

Increased Number of Fibroblasts and Neovascularization after Tooth Extraction in Wistar Rats with Moderate-Intensity Continuous Exercise

Rapid wound healing after tooth extraction is expected to occur. Continuous moderate intensity exercise can improve the tissue oxygenation, that is required by fibroblasts and neovascularization to form granulation tissue which is an important process in wound healing. This study aimed to examine the increased number of fibroblasts and neovascularization after tooth extraction in wistar rat after continuous exercise with moderate intensity. Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups, control group and the other 3 is the treatment group. The treatment group was given moderate intensity continuous exercise for 6 weeks (swim test). In control group (K1), the number of fibroblast and neovascularization was observed five day after tooth extraction. In the treatment group (K2, K3, and K4), observation was conducted on day 3, 5, and 7 after tooth extraction. The number of fibroblasts and neovascularization of the control group was less than the treatment group. The data show a significant difference in control group (K1) with treatment group (K4) seven days after tooth extraction. There was increase in the number of fibroblasts and neovascularization in the group was given moderate intensity continuous exercise, and rapid wound healing process correlate with increased the number of fibroblasts and neovascularization

The Effect of Aerobic and Anaerobic Interval Exercise on the Proliferation Phase of Wound Healing in Tooth Extraction of Rattus novergicus

Introduction. The healing process of tooth extraction is desired to take place faster to restore the normal tissue. Physical exercise is proven to accelerate wound healing through various physiological mechanisms. Aerobic exercise increases oxygen perfusion which leads to wound healing process. On the other hand, anaerobic exercise stimulates reactive oxygen species and may interfere with the wound healing process. Objective. To observe if there are differences in the effectiveness of wound healing after tooth extraction based on the number of fibroblast and neovascularization in Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) that performed interval aerobic or anaerobic exercise. Methods. Rats were divided into 3 groups, a control group and two treatment groups which performed the aerobic physical exercise or the anaerobic physical exercise. Fibroblast and neovascularization were calculated 7 days after the tooth extraction. Data were analyzed using Krusskal-Wallis statistical tests. Results. The aerobic exercise group showed the higher number of fibroblasts and neovascularization compared to anaerobic exercise group, while the control group showed the lowest number of fibroblast and neovascularization. Conclusion. This study demonstrated that aerobic physical exercise accelerates wound healing in the proliferation phase better than anaerobic exercise and no exercise

The Effectivity of Centella asiatica Extract on Salivary Neutrophils Proliferation in Severe Early Childhood Caries

Dental caries, defined as multifactorial chronic disease, begins with the biofilm microbial complex change that is affected by sugar intake, salivary flow, and behavior. Neutrophils are the first line of defense against microbes. Besides kill microbes by phagocytosis, releases reactive oxygen species (ROS) and contains antimicrobial peptide, neutrophils activation also sets up the immune response. Saponin triterpenoids contained in Centella asiatica demonstrated immune-modulator effects, while pectin isolated from Centella asiatica showed immune-stimulatory activity. To analyze the effectivity of Centella asiatica extract as an immune-modulator in salivary neutrophil proliferation as innate immunity effector cells in severe early childhood caries. Preparation of extract of Centella asiatica were done using and isolation of neutrophils from the saliva of severe early childhood caries (S-ECC) using the magnitude of beads and marker label CD177 were analyzed using flow cytometry. Immune-modulator activity of Centella asiatica extract on salivary neutrophils proliferation was analyzed using MTT assay. Results: Salivary neutrophil proliferation increased after centella extract administration started from 50 μg/ ml. The extract of Centella asiatica effectively increase salivary neutrophil proliferation on administration 50 μg/ ml