Additional file 1: of Mesenchymal stromal cell-derived exosome-rich fractionated secretome confers a hepatoprotective effect in liver injury

presents additional information on methods to isolate and characterize MSCs; how to characterize the exosome-rich fractionated secretome using microscopy, flow cytometry, ELISA and western blot techniques; quantifying ROS activity in cells; performing qualitative fluorescence microscopy analysis for the in-vitro experiments; and calculation of the liver regeneration rat

Enhancing patient outcomes: the role of clinical utility in guiding healthcare providers in curating radiology AI applications

With advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) dominating the headlines, diagnostic imaging radiology is no exception to the accelerating role that AI is playing in today's technology landscape. The number of AI-driven radiology diagnostic imaging applications (digital diagnostics) that are both commercially available and in-development is rapidly expanding as are the potential benefits these tools can deliver for patients and providers alike. Healthcare providers seeking to harness the potential benefits of digital diagnostics may consider evaluating these tools and their corresponding use cases in a systematic and structured manner to ensure optimal capital deployment, resource utilization, and, ultimately, patient outcomes—or clinical utility. We propose several guiding themes when using clinical utility to curate digital diagnostics

Additional file 2: Figure S1. of Mesenchymal stromal cell-derived exosome-rich fractionated secretome confers a hepatoprotective effect in liver injury

showing characterization of rat bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Phase-contrast microscopic image of cultured MSCs showing fibroblast-like spindle-shaped morphology (A), fluorescence microscopic image of MSCs stained with fluorescein diacetate (FDA) (B), digital image of crystal violet staining of colonies of MSCs formed (C), microscopic image of MSCs stained with crystal violet (D), Alizarin Red staining of undifferentiated MSCs (E) and osteogenically differentiated MSCs (F) and Oil Red O staining of undifferentiated MSCs (G) and adipogenically differentiated MSCs (H). Scale bar for all microscopic images: 100 Οm (TIF 2112 kb

Decellularized Liver Matrix-Modified Cryogel Scaffolds as Potential Hepatocyte Carriers in Bioartificial Liver Support Systems and Implantable Liver Constructs

Recent progress in the use of decellularized organ scaffolds as regenerative matrices for tissue engineering holds great promise in addressing the issue of donor organ shortage. Decellularization preserves the mechanical integrity, composition, and microvasculature critical for zonation of hepatocytes in the liver. Earlier studies have reported the possibility of repopulating decellularized matrices with hepatic cell lines or stem cells to improve liver regeneration. In this work, we study the versatility of the decellularized liver matrix as a substrate coating of three-dimensional cryogel scaffolds. The coated cryogels were analyzed for their ability to maintain hepatic cell growth and functionality in vitro, which was found to be significantly better than the uncoated cryogel scaffolds. The decellularized liver matrix-coated cryogel scaffolds were evaluated for their potential application as a cell-loaded bioreactor for bioartificial liver support and as an implantable liver construct. Extracorporeal connection of the coated cryogel bioreactor to a liver failure model showed improvement in liver function parameters. Additionally, offline clinical evaluation of the bioreactor using patient-derived liver failure plasma showed its efficacy in improving liver failure conditions by approximately 30–60%. Furthermore, implantation of the decellularized matrix-coated cryogel showed complete integration with the native tissue as confirmed by hematoxylin and eosin staining of tissue sections. HepG2 cells and primary human hepatocytes seeded in the coated cryogel scaffolds implanted in the liver failure model maintained functionality in terms of albumin synthesis and cytochrome P450 activity post 2 weeks of implantation. In addition, a 20–60% improvement in liver function parameters was observed post implantation. These results, put together, suggest a possibility of using the decellularized matrix-coated cryogel scaffolds for liver tissue engineering applications