119 research outputs found
Deploy-As-You-Go Wireless Relay Placement: An Optimal Sequential Decision Approach using the Multi-Relay Channel Model
We use information theoretic achievable rate formulas for the multi-relay
channel to study the problem of as-you-go deployment of relay nodes. The
achievable rate formulas are for full-duplex radios at the relays and for
decode-and-forward relaying. Deployment is done along the straight line joining
a source node and a sink node at an unknown distance from the source. The
problem is for a deployment agent to walk from the source to the sink,
deploying relays as he walks, given that the distance to the sink is
exponentially distributed with known mean. As a precursor, we apply the
multi-relay channel achievable rate formula to obtain the optimal power
allocation to relays placed along a line, at fixed locations. This permits us
to obtain the optimal placement of a given number of nodes when the distance
between the source and sink is given. Numerical work suggests that, at low
attenuation, the relays are mostly clustered near the source in order to be
able to cooperate, whereas at high attenuation they are uniformly placed and
work as repeaters. We also prove that the effect of path-loss can be entirely
mitigated if a large enough number of relays are placed uniformly between the
source and the sink. The structure of the optimal power allocation for a given
placement of the nodes, then motivates us to formulate the problem of as-you-go
placement of relays along a line of exponentially distributed length, and with
the exponential path-loss model, so as to minimize a cost function that is
additive over hops. The hop cost trades off a capacity limiting term, motivated
from the optimal power allocation solution, against the cost of adding a relay
node. We formulate the problem as a total cost Markov decision process,
establish results for the value function, and provide insights into the
placement policy and the performance of the deployed network via numerical
exploration.Comment: 21 pages. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with
arXiv:1204.432
Optimal Capacity Relay Node Placement in a Multi-hop Wireless Network on a Line
We use information theoretic achievable rate formulas for the multi-relay
channel to study the problem of optimal placement of relay nodes along the
straight line joining a source node and a sink node. The achievable rate
formulas that we use are for full-duplex radios at the relays and decode-
and-forward relaying. For the single relay case, and individual power
constraints at the source node and the relay node, we provide explicit formulas
for the optimal relay location and the optimal power allocation to the
source-relay channel, for the exponential and the power-law path-loss channel
models. For the multiple relay case, we consider exponential path-loss and a
total power constraint over the source and the relays, and derive an
optimization problem, the solution of which provides the optimal relay
locations. Numerical results suggest that at low attenuation the relays are
mostly clustered close to the source in order to be able to cooperate among
themselves, whereas at high attenuation they are uniformly placed and work as
repeaters.
The structure of the optimal power allocation for a given placement of the
nodes, then motivates us to formulate the problem of impromptu ("as-you-go")
placement of relays along a line of exponentially distributed length, with
exponential path- loss, so as to minimize a cost function that is additive over
hops. The hop cost trades off a capacity limiting term, motivated from the
optimal power allocation solution, against the cost of adding a relay node. We
formulate the problem as a total cost Markov decision process, for which we
prove results for the value function, and provide insights into the placement
policy via numerical exploration.Comment: 22 pages, 12 figures; the initial version of this work was accepted
in RAWNET 2012 (an workshop of WiOpt 2012); this is a substantial extension
of the workshop pape
The roles of bacterial DNA double-strand break repair proteins in chromosomal DNA replication
It is well established that DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair is required to underpin chromosomal DNA replication. Because DNA replication forks are prone to breakage, faithful DSB repair and correct replication fork restart are critically important. Cells, where the proteins required for DSB repair are absent or altered, display characteristic disturbances to genome replication. In this review, we analyze how bacterial DNA replication is perturbed in DSB repair mutant strains and explore the consequences of these perturbations for bacterial chromosome segregation and cell viability. Importantly, we look at how DNA replication and DSB repair processes are implicated in the striking recent observations of DNA amplification and DNA loss in the chromosome terminus of various mutant Escherichia coli strains. We also address the mutant conditions required for the remarkable ability to copy the entire E. coli genome, and to maintain cell viability, even in the absence of replication initiation from oriC, the unique origin of DNA replication in wild type cells. Furthermore, we discuss the models that have been proposed to explain these phenomena and assess how these models fit with the observed data, provide new insights, and enhance our understanding of chromosomal replication and termination in bacteria
E-commerce website usability analysis using the association rule mining and machine learning algorithm
The overall effectiveness of a website as an e-commerce platform is influenced by how usable it is. This study aimed to find out if advanced web metrics, derived from Google Analytics software, could be used to evaluate the overall usability of e-commerce sites and identify potential usability issues. It is simple to gather web indicators, but processing and interpretation take time. This data is produced through several digital channels, including mobile. Big data has proven to be very helpful in a variety of online platforms, including social networking and e-commerce websites, etc. The sheer amount of data that needs to be processed and assessed to be useful is one of the main issues with e-commerce today as a result of the digital revolution. Additionally, on social media a crucial growth strategy for e-commerce is the usage of BDA capabilities as a guideline to boost sales and draw clients for suppliers. In this paper, we have used the KMP algorithm-based multivariate pruning method for web-based web index searching and different web analytics algorithm with machine learning classifiers to achieve patterns from transactional data gathered from e-commerce websites. Moreover, through the use of log-based transactional data, the research presented in this paper suggests a new machine learning-based evaluation method for evaluating the usability of e-commerce websites. To identify the underlying relationship between the overall usability of the eLearning system and its predictor factors, three machine learning techniques and multiple linear regressions are used to create prediction models. This strategy will lead the e-commerce industry to an economically profitable stage. This capability can assist a vendor in keeping track of customers and items they have viewed, as well as categorizing how customers use their e-commerce emporium so the vendor can cater to their specific needs. It has been proposed that machine learning models, by offering trustworthy prognoses, can aid in excellent usability. Such models might be incorporated into an online prognostic calculator or tool to help with treatment selection and possibly increase visibility. However, none of these models have been recommended for use in reusability because of concerns about the deployment of machine learning in e-commerce and technical issues. One problem with machine learning science that needs to be solved is explainability. For instance, let us say B is 10 and all the people in our population are even. The hash function’s behavior is not random since only buckets 0, 2, 4, 6, and 8 can be the value of h(x). However, if B = 11, we would find that 1/11th of the even integers is transmitted to each of the 11 buckets. The hash function would work well in this situation
Generation and characterization of human monoclonal single chain variable fragments (scFvs) against envelope third variable region (V3) of HIV-1 clade C
Production and expression of recombinant anti-V3 scFvs from HIV-1 clade C infected Indian patient
Management of Treatment and Prevention of Acute OP Pesticide Poisoning by Medical Informatics, Telemedicine and Nanomedicine
Acute organophosphorous pesticide (OP) poisoning kills a lot of people each year. Treatment of acute OP poisoning is of very difficult task and is a time taking event. Present day informatics methods (telemedicine), bioinformatics methods (data mining, molecular modeling, docking, cheminformatics), and nanotechnology (nanomedicine) should be applied in combination or separately to combat the rise of death rate due to OP poisoning. Use of informatics method such as Java enabled camera mobiles will enable us early detection of insecticidal poisoning. Even the patients who are severely intoxicated (suicidal attempts) can be diagnosed early. Telemedicine can take care for early diagnosis and early treatment. Simultaneously efforts must be taken with regard to nanotechnology to find lesser toxic compounds (use less dose of nanoparticle mediated compounds: nano-malathion) as insecticides and find better efficacy of lesser dose of compounds for treatment (nano-atropine) of OP poisoning. Nano-apitropine (atropine oxide) may be a better choice for OP poisoning treatment as the anticholinergic agent; apitropine and hyoscyamine have exhibited higher binding affinity than atropine sulfate. Synthesis of insecticides (malathion) with an antidote (atropine, apitropine) in nanoscale range will prevent the lethal effect of insecticides
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