Electrodos carbonosos obtenidos a partir de residuo de cáñamo y mediante activación química para su aplicación en baterías de iones de sodio

En la presente comunicación, se evalua la idoneidad de los ánodos de carbón duro (hard carbon), preparados a partir de residuo de cáñamo para su uso en baterías de iones de sodio (SIB). Para ello, el carbón producido mediante pirólisis a 500 °C ha sido activado químicamente a 700 y 800 °C empleando K2CO3 como agente de activación. El mejor resultado se ha obtenido con la muestra activada 800 °C y una ratio másica carbón/K2CO3 de 1/4 a con capacidades de 267 mA h g-1 a 30 mA g-1 y 79 mA h g-1 a 1 A g-1

Hard carbons from waste hemp via hydrothermal carbonization with mil chemical activation for sodium–ion batteries

Owing to its wide availability and low cost, sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) appear as a very promising option for post-lithium energy storage systems. However, commercial graphite anodes used in lithium-ion batteries are not suitable for SIBs, due to a difficult insertion of sodium ions into the graphitic layers. Possible anode candidates focus on hard carbons (HCs). Here, HCs were synthesized from waste hemp hurd (WHH) via hydrothermal pretreatment (with either heteroatom doping or K2CO3 activation) and subsequent carbonization under Ar at 800 or 1000 °C. Regarding mild chemically activated HCs, the best material (exhibiting a 76% ICE and impressive reversible charge capacities of 354 and 77 mA h g–1 at 0.1 and 2 A g–1, respectively) was the carbon produced via hydrothermal preatretment in HCl aqueous solution and subsequently heated up to 1000 °C. However, poor cycling stability was observed for the last material, suggesting that some irreversible sodiation processes can take place