Effect of cross exercise on quadriceps acceleration reaction time and subjective scores (Lysholm questionnaire) following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction

Abstract Background Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury or reconstruction can cause knee impairments and disability. Knee impairments are related to quadriceps performance – accelerated reaction time (ART) – and disability to performance of daily living activities which is assessed by questionnaires such as the Lysholm knee score. The purposes of this study were to investigate the effect of cross exercise, as supplementary rehabilitation to the early phase of ACL reconstruction: a) on quadriceps ART at the angles 45°, 60° and 90° of knee flexion and, b) on the subjective scores of disability in ACL reconstructed patients. Methods 42 patients who underwent ACL reconstruction were randomly divided into 3 groups, two experimental and one control. All groups followed the same rehabilitation program. The experimental groups followed 8 weeks of cross eccentric exercise (CEE) on the uninjured knee; 3 d/w, and 5 d/w respectively. Quadriceps ART was measured at 45°, 60° and 90° of knee flexion pre and nine weeks post-operatively using an isokinetic dynamometer. Patients also completed pre and post operatively the Lysholm questionnaire whereby subjective scores were recorded. Results Two factor ANOVA showed significant differences in ART at 90° among the groups (F = 4.29, p = 0.02, p Significant differences were also found in the Lysholm score among the groups (F = 4.75, p = 0.01, p Conclusion CEE showed improvements on quadriceps ART at 90° at a sequence of 3 d/w and in the Lysholm score at a sequence of 3 d/w and 5 d/w respectively on ACL reconstructed patients.</p

Βιοπληροφορική ανάλυση της οικογένειας των πρωτεινών HU

Η πρωτείνη HU είναι μια απο τις κύριες πρωτείνες του βακτηριακού νουκλεουειδούς. Εδώ εκτελούμε μια βιοπληροφοριακή προσέγγιση στην ανάλυση της ανωτέρω οικογένειας. Κατασκευάσαμε ομό και ετεροδιμέρη πρωτεινικά μοντέλα μέσω του Homology Modelling και στην συνέχεια τα αξιολογήσαμε δομικά. Στην συνέχεια εντοπίσαμε το σήμα διμερισμού τους και αφού το αναλύσαμε, το συσχετίσαμε με την σταθερότητα. Ακολούθως εκτελέσαμε συγκριτική ανάλυση των ενδομοριακών αλληλεπιδράσεων των HU πρωτεινων τις οποίες και συσχετίσαμε με την θερμοκρασία βέλτιστης ανάπτυξης των οργανισμών στον οποίο εκφράστηκαν.The histone-like (HU) protein is one of the major protein of the bacterial nucleoid. Here we bioinformatically approach the analysis of the HU family. First, we build homo/ hetero dimer models through the Homology Modelling and then we evaluated their structure. Then we locate the Dimerisation Signal (DS) and it correlated with the structural stability. Finally, we execute comparative analysis of interatomic interactions between of the HU models and we correlated them with the Growth Optimal Temperature (GOT) of the organisms in which these proteins expressed

Effect of cross exercise on quadriceps acceleration reaction time and subjective scores (Lysholm questionnaire) following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction

Background. Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury or reconstruction can cause knee impairments and disability. Knee impairments are related to quadriceps performance - accelerated reaction time (ART) - anddisability to performance of daily living activities which is assessed by questionnaires such as the Lysholm knee score. The purposes of this study were to investigate the effect of cross exercise, as supplementary rehabilitation to the early phase of ACL reconstruction: a) on quadriceps ART at the angles 45°, 60° and 90° of knee flexion and, b) on the subjective scores of disability in ACL reconstructed patients. Methods: 42 patients who underwent ACL reconstruction were randomly divided into 3 groups, two experimental and one control. All groups followed the same rehabilitation program. The experimental groups followed 8 weeks of cross eccentric exercise (CEE) on the uninjured knee; 3 d/w, and 5 d/w respectively. Quadriceps ART was measured at 45°, 60° and 90° of knee flexion pre and nine weeks post-operatively using an isokinetic dynamometer. Patients also completed pre and post operatively the Lysholm questionnaire whereby subjective scores were recorded. Results: Two factor ANOVA showed significant differences in ART at 90° among the groups (F = 4.29, p = 0.02, p 0.05). Post hoc Tukey HSD analysis determined that the significant results arose from the first experimental group in comparison to the control (D = -0.83, p = 0.01). No significant differences were revealed at 45° and 60°. Significant differences were also found in the Lysholm score among the groups (F = 4.75, p = 0.01, p 0.05). Post hoc analysis determined that the above significant results arose from the first experimental group in comparison with the control (D = 7.5, p 0.01) and from the second experimental in comparison with the control (D = 3.78, p = 0.03). Conclusion: CEE showed improvements on quadriceps ART at 90° at a sequence of 3 d/w and in the Lysholm score at a sequence of 3 d/w and 5 d/w respectively on ACL reconstructed patients

Distal Intramedullary Nail Interlocking: The Flag and Grid Technique

Distal interlocking in intramedullary nailing of long bone fractures accounts for a significant proportion of the total fluoroscopy and operative time. We describe a modification of the “perfect circles” freehand technique employing a metallic grid temporarily attached to the skin of the lateral surface of the femur or to the medial surface of the tibia that acts as a fixed “navigational” aid. The position of the distal nail holes in relation to the grid is fluoroscopically ascertained. Subsequently, under fluoroscopic control, a modified Steinmann pin with a metallic handle attached to its blunt end (“flag”) is used to accomplish targeting and to create the screw holes, affording improved visualization. This technique was compared with the traditional freehand technique in 2 groups of patients. Use of the modified technique led to reduction of radiation exposure and total distal interlocking time, and there were no significant complications related to the technique. © 2005 Lippincott Williams &amp; Wilkins, Inc

F100-PW-229 Engine Fault Detection Based on Real Time Data

Gas turbine engines exhibit very high maintenance costs. Moreover, in the case of aero applications an in-flight engine incidence, shall, by all means, be avoided, a condition that drives total maintenance costs even higher. A measure in favor of balancing these costs is to monitor continuously the variation of engine performance data recorded during flight, establish methods to deduce useful information regarding the engine “health” status and, as a result, take appropriate actions to maintain a good engine operating condition. The current work presents such a method tailored on the “F100-PW-229” engine that is operated by the ellenic Air Force as the propulsion system of the “F-16 block 52M” aircraft [3]. CEDATS and MS Excel were the computational tools used for the current engine performance study. CEDATS is a software developed for the engine users. It provides basic data trend monitoring functions and engine fault warnings. It is well known that there is always space for improvement for such health monitoring tools since there are cases where engine operating faults are not captured. Within the frame of the current work, a data post – processing method on the engine performance data time series was applied using MS Excel, in order to raise early warnings of an uncaptured compressor operating fault

Arthroscopic partial repair for massive rotator cuff tears: does it work? A systematic review

Abstract Background While arthroscopic complete repair of massive rotator cuff tears (MRCT) back to their anatomic footprint is preferential, there are cases where this type of repair is not applicable due to the contraction of the torn tendons. In such cases, a non-anatomic incomplete or partial repair can be performed. A number of clinical studies have investigated the clinical and functional outcomes of arthroscopic partial repair for irreparable MRCT. To our knowledge, no systematic review has been published yet to synthetically evaluate these results. Methods Two reviewers independently conducted the search in a PRISMA-compliant systematic way using the MEDLINE/PubMed database and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. These databases were queried with the terms “arthroscopy”[MeSH Terms] OR arthroscopic surgical procedure [Text Word (tw)] AND massive rotator cuff tears [tw] AND arthroscopic partial repair [tw]. Results From the 55 initial studies, we finally chose 11 clinical studies which were eligible to our inclusion-exclusion criteria. The mean modified methodology Coleman score was 58/100, whereas it ranged from 41/100 to 78/100. In total, 643 patients were included in this review. All postoperative mean clinical and functional subjective scores, as well as muscle strength of patients treated with arthroscopic partial repair, were found significantly improved, when compared with the respective mean preoperative values. The rate of structural failure of the partial repair, as it was estimated by postoperative imaging modalities, was 48.9%. The overall reoperations’ rate was 2.9% regarding the patients who were treated with partial repair. Conclusions Arthroscopic partial repair might be a safe and effective alternative treatment for irreparable contracted MRCT, where a complete repair cannot be performed. The methodological quality of the relevant, available literature is low to moderate; therefore, further studies of higher quality are required to confirm these results

Modern trabecular metal-backed glenoid components in total shoulder arthroplasty: What is the evidence? A systematic review

Background: A number of papers have been published reporting on the clinical performance of modern trabecular metal-backed glenoid components in total shoulder arthroplasty. However, no systematic review of the literature has been published to date. Methods: The US National Library of Medicine (PubMed/MEDLINE), and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews and EMBASE were queried for publications from January 1980 to October 2019 utilizing keywords pertinent to total shoulder arthroplasty, trabecular metal, and clinical outcomes. Results: Overall, seven articles were included for analysis (322 operated shoulders, mean follow-up range: 2–4 years). The survival rate of modern trabecular metal-backed glenoid components was 96% (309 out of 322 cases) at 43 months mean follow-up, while the rate of aseptic loosening was 0.3% (1 out of 322 cases). There were 35 cases (10.9%) with glenoid component radiolucency (one of them required revision), and 37 cases (11.5%) of metal debris formation, with four of them undergoing revision. Conclusions: There was low quality evidence to show that the use of modern trabecular metal-backed glenoid components in total shoulder arthroplasty may be safe and effective at short-term follow-up. However, this analysis showed alarmingly high rates of both radiolucency of the glenoid component and metal debris formation which raise concern for potential failure of this glenoid component in the long term. Therefore, we feel that modern trabecular metal-backed glenoid components should be still used with caution as part of a structured surveillance or research program until we know if there is a detriment to the prosthesis in the medium to long term. Level: Systematic review, IV. © 2020 The British Elbow &amp; Shoulder Society

Clinical and radiographic outcomes of total shoulder arthroplasty with a partially cemented all-polyethylene pegged bone-ingrowth glenoid component: a systematic review

Background: Several articles have been published reporting on the clinical performance of a novel pegged, all-polyethylene glenoid component design which features a central peg, circumferentially fluted, interference-fit peg for tissue integration and three small peripheral pegs for cementing. However, no systematic review exists to this date. Methods: The US National Library of Medicine (PubMed/MEDLINE), EMBASE, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews were queried for publications up to May 2020. Results: Overall, 13 articles were included for analysis (560 operated shoulders, range of mean follow-up: 2–6 years). The survival rate was 98.2% (550 out of 560 cases), while the rate of aseptic loosening was 0.2% (1 out of 560 cases). There were 139 cases (out of 399 reported; 34.1%) with peri-glenoid radiolucency, and 35 cases (out of 223 reported; 15.7%) of asymptomatic central peg osteolysis, with 1 of them undergoing revision. Conclusions: There was fair quality of evidence to show that partially cemented all-polyethylene pegged bone-ingrowth glenoid components produce promising results, with a low revision rate in the short- to medium-term follow-up. Nevertheless, this analysis showed high rates of both radiolucency of the glenoid component and osteolysis around the central peg which raise concern for potential failure of this glenoid component in the long-term follow-up. Level of evidence: Systematic review, IV. © 2020 The British Elbow &amp; Shoulder Society

Total shoulder arthroplasty with hybrid fixation of glenoid components consisting of cementless porous metal pegs or cage along with cemented backside polyethylene surface: a systematic review

Recently, hybrid glenoid components have been developed, consisting of cementless highly porous metal central peg, monoblock keel or cage along with cemented backside polyethylene surface. The aims of this study were twofold: (1) to determine the revision and complication rates of hybrid glenoid components, consisting of porous metal pegs or coatings attached to the polyethylene, for aseptic loosening in TSA and (2) to evaluate the rate of radiolucent lines in patients who underwent TSA with hybrid glenoid components consisting of porous metal pegs or coatings attached to the polyethylene. The US National Library of Medicine (PubMed/MEDLINE), EMBASE and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews were queried for publications utilizing the following keywords: “hybrid” OR “bone-ingrowth” OR “bone ingrowth” AND “TSA” OR “total” AND “shoulder” AND “arthroplasty” OR “replacement”. Five articles were included for analysis (470 operated shoulders, mean follow-up: 47.5 months). The overall weighted mean modified methodology Coleman score was 51.2/100, indicating a moderate level of overall methodological quality. The survival rate of hybrid glenoid components was 97.4% (458 out of 470 cases), while the rate of glenoid-related complications was 2.8% (13 cases). Finally, there were 54 cases (out of 313 reported; 17.3%) with glenoid radiolucency (none of them required revision). TSA with hybrid fixation glenoid components was associated with high survivorship and low rate of glenoid component-related complications at 4 years mean follow-up. In addition, there was limited evidence to show that the short- to mid-term outcome of TSA using hybrid glenoid components is not inferior to the outcome of cemented all-polyethylene glenoid components. © 2020, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli

Iliac Crest Bone Grafting for the Management of Anterior Shoulder Instability in Patients with Glenoid Bone Loss: a Systematic Review of Contemporary Literature

Background: A number of clinical trials have been published assessing the role of iliac crest bone grafting for the management of recurrent anterior instability with glenoid bone loss in contemporary practice. We therefore performed a systematic review of contemporary literature to examine the effect of iliac crest bone grafting on postoperative outcomes of these patients. Our hypothesis is that contemporary iliac crest bone block techniques are associated with low reoperation and complication rates combined with satisfactory functional results. Methods: The US National Library of Medicine (PubMed/MEDLINE), the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and EMBASE were searched between January 2008 and December 2019 for relevant publications. Results: Following the application of the inclusion-exclusion criteria, nine articles were found eligible for our analysis. In total, 261 patients (mean age range, 25.5–37.5 years; mean follow-up range, 20.6–42 months) were included in the studies of the current review. The mean modified Coleman score was 48.6 (range 37–65), indicating an overall low-to-moderate methodological quality. In the short term, the overall all-cause reoperation rate was 6.1%, while the rate of recurrent instability was 4.8%. The graft non-union rate was 2.2%, while the rate of osteolysis, graft fracture, and infection was 0.4%, 0.9%, and 1.7%, respectively. Finally, hardware-related complications, such as screw breakage or symptomatic mechanical irritation around the screw insertion, occurred in 3.9% of the patients. Conclusions: Iliac crest bone block techniques in contemporary practice are safe and effective in the short-term (< 4 years) follow-up for the management of anterior shoulder instability with substantial glenoid bone deficiency. However, further studies of higher quality and longer follow-up are required to establish the therapeutic value of these techniques as well as to clarify whether there are differences in the outcomes of arthroscopic and open iliac crest bone block procedures. © 2020, The Author(s)