IBIS-TRE-01: Conceptual design of the IBIS 2.0 polarimetric unit

This document describes the polarimetric and optical design of the IBIS 2.0 polarimetric unit. Designed for the German Vacuum Tower Telescope, it will allow to acquire high resolution spectro-polarimetric data of the solar photosphere and chromosphere

A multi-component flood risk assessment in the Maresme coast (NW Mediterranean)

Coastal regions are the areas most threatened by natural hazards, with floods being the most frequent and significant threat in terms of their induced impacts, and therefore, any management scheme requires their evaluation. In coastal areas, flooding is a hazard associated with various processes acting at different scales: coastal storms, flash floods, and sea level rise (SLR). In order to address the problem as a whole, this study presents a methodology to undertake a preliminary integrated risk assessment that determines the magnitude of the different flood processes (flash flood, marine storm, SLR) and their associated consequences, taking into account their temporal and spatial scales. The risk is quantified using specific indicators to assess the magnitude of the hazard (for each component) and the consequences in a common scale. This allows for a robust comparison of the spatial risk distribution along the coast in order to identify both the areas at greatest risk and the risk components that have the greatest impact. This methodology is applied on the Maresme coast (NW Mediterranean, Spain), which can be considered representative of developed areas of the Spanish Mediterranean coast. The results obtained characterise this coastline as an area of relatively low overall risk, although some hot spots have been identified with high-risk values, with flash flooding being the principal risk process.Peer Reviewe

Selecting coastal hotspots to storm impacts at the regional scale: a Coastal Risk Assessment Framework

Managing coastal risk at the regional scale requires a prioritization of resources along the shoreline. A transparent and rigorous risk assessment should inform managers and stakeholders in their choices. This requires advances in modelling assessment (e.g., consideration of source and pathway conditions to define the probability of occurrence, nonlinear dynamics of the physical processes, better recognition of systemic impacts and non-economic losses) and open-source tools facilitating stakeholders' engagement in the process.This paper discusses how the Coastal Risk Assessment Framework (CRAF) has been developed as part of the Resilience Increasing Strategies for Coasts Toolkit (RISC-KIT). The framework provides two levels of analysis. A coastal index approach is first recommended to narrow down the risk analysis to a reduced number of sectors which are subsequently geographically grouped into potential hotspots. For the second level of analysis an integrated modelling approach improves the regional risk assessment of the identified hotspots by increasing the spatial resolution of the hazard modelling by using innovative process-based multi-hazard models, by including generic vulnerability indicators in the impact assessment, and by calculating regional systemic impact indicators. A multi-criteria analysis of these indicators is performed to rank the hotspots and support the stakeholders in their selection.The CRAF has been applied and validated on ten European case studies with only small deviation to areas already recognised as high risk. The flexibility of the framework is essential to adapt the assessment to the specific region characteristics. The involvement of stakeholders is crucial not only to select the hotpots and validate the results, but also to support the collection of information and the valuation of assets at risk. As such, the CRAF permits a comprehensive and systemic risk analysis of the regional coast in order to identify and to select higher risk areas. Yet efforts still need to be amplified in the data collection process, in particular for socio-economic and environmental impacts.Peer Reviewe

PIANO DI GESTIONE DEL SITO UNESCO LE CITTÀ TARDO BAROCCHE DEL VAL DI NOTO

An effective asset management system must consider three essential elements, namely a reference legal framework that defines the reasons for its very existence, an institution that shapes organizational and decision-making needs and resources, human, financial and intellectual, used to make it operational. Having clarified the areas and the meaning of these three decisive elements, it becomes easier to plan, implement and monitor the actions identified to ensure the conservation and management of the assets and values associated with them in a sustainable way. The management systems are aimed at achieving results that benefit the site and its stakeholders and include planning, implementation and monitoring cycles, aimed at carrying out activities aimed at conservation, interpretation and access to the site, also taking care of the sustainable use and sharing of benefits. Obviously each management system must be regularly reviewed and updated in order to respond to changes in the site and in the context, making the necessary adjustments. With the powerful work undertaken by Civita to update the three Management Plans of the UNESCO sites of "val di Noto", "Siracusa and the Necropolis of Pantalica" and "villa romana del Casale" of Piazza Armerina, the goal was to develop an integrated system of the three different floors, related to three different contiguous sites, which has no precedent. From this unprecedented and extraordinary coordination it will be possible to reap mutual benefits, economies of scale and common strategies, for example, linked to the unpredictability of the risk of natural disasters or fluctuations in financial resources. Particular emphasis must be given to the participatory approach used in the drafting of the three Management Plans, through the shared understanding of the site, and its identity, by all interested parties with their involvement in the construction of technical contributions that is premised on involvement in management processes and also foundations- efficiency in terms of reactivity that only the continuous exchange of results and outputs can ensure, feeding the monitoring and reprogramming phases

PIANO DI GESTIONE DEL SITO UNESCO SIRACUSA E LE NECROPOLI RUPESTRI DI PANTALICA

An effective asset management system must consider three essential elements, namely a reference legal framework that defines the reasons for its very existence, an institution that shapes organizational and decision-making needs and resources, human, financial and intellectual, used to make it operational. Having clarified the areas and the meaning of these three decisive elements, it becomes easier to plan, implement and monitor the actions identified to ensure the conservation and management of the assets and values associated with them in a sustainable way. The management systems are aimed at achieving results that benefit the site and its stakeholders and include planning, implementation and monitoring cycles, aimed at carrying out activities aimed at conservation, interpretation and access to the site, also taking care of the sustainable use and sharing of benefits. Obviously each management system must be regularly reviewed and updated in order to respond to changes in the site and in the context, making the necessary adjustments. With the powerful work undertaken by Civita to update the three Management Plans of the UNESCO sites of "Val di Noto", "Siracusa and the Necropolis of Pantalica" and "Villa Romana del Casale" of Piazza Armerina, the goal was to develop an integrated system of the three different floors, related to three different contiguous sites, which has no precedent. From this unprecedented and extraordinary coordination it will be possible to reap mutual benefits, economies of scale and common strategies, for example, linked to the unpredictability of the risk of natural disasters or fluctuations in financial resources. Particular emphasis must be given to the participatory approach used in the drafting of the three Management Plans, through the shared understanding of the site, and its identity, by all interested parties with their involvement in the construction of technical contributions that is premised on involvement in management processes and also foundations- efficiency in terms of reactivity that only the continuous exchange of results and outputs can ensure, feeding the monitoring and reprogramming phases