Facile Ecofriendly Synthesis of Monastrol and Its Structural Isomers via Biginelli Reaction

In this paper, a Q-tube equipment is proposed as a valid alternative to monomode MW technology to synthesize in a simple and economic way a library of dihydropyrimidine derivatives performing the Biginelli reaction in solvent-free conditions under pressure and with the catalysis of a very mild and environmentally benign Lewis acid consisting of erbium trichloride hexahydrate

Erbium(III) Chloride in Ethyl Lactate as a Smart Ecofriendly System for Efficient and Rapid Stereoselective Synthesis of <i>trans</i>-4,5-Diaminocyclopent-2-enones

Erbium­(III) chloride in ethyl lactate is used as an environmentally very friendly system for the reaction of furfural and amines to yield diastereoselectively differently <i>N</i>,<i>N</i>-substituted <i>trans</i>-4,5-diaminocyclopent-2-enones as versatile synthetic intermediates to the formation of densely functionalized derivatives

Proteome Speciation by Mass Spectrometry: Characterization of Composite Protein Mixtures in Milk Replacers

The ability of tandem mass spectrometry to determine the primary structure of proteolytic peptides can be exploited to trace back the organisms from which the corresponding proteins were extracted. This information can be important when food products, such as protein powders, can be supplemented with lower-quality starting materials. In order to dissect the origin of proteinaceous material composing a given unknown mixture, a two-step database search strategy for bottom-up nanoscale liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (nanoLC–MS/MS) data was implemented. A single nanoLC–MS/MS analysis was sufficient not only to determine the qualitative composition of the mixtures under examination, but also to assess the relative percent composition of the various proteomes, if dedicated calibration curves were previously generated. The approach of two-step database search for qualitative analysis and proteome total ion current (pTIC) calculation for quantitative analysis was applied to several binary and ternary mixtures which mimic the composition of milk replacers typically used in calf feeding

Geomorphic effects caused by heavy rainfall in southern Calabria (Italy) on 30 October–1 November 2015

<p>A severe rainfall event occurred in southern Calabria between 29 October and 2 November 2015, causing two deaths and serious damage to transport infrastructure. Widespread slope erosion and thousands of shallow landslides were triggered on the slopes, combined with flooding and transport of debris along the streams. Rains recorded by the regional gauge network and the national radar monitoring system were analysed by means of Kriging techniques. Ground effects were surveyed in the field, and mapped using post-event air photos taken along the coastal sector. Shallow landslides, soil erosion (including sheet, rill, and gully erosion), flooding, lateral erosion, and debris deposition along streambeds, overflow on lateral slopes, and fan deposition at the mouths of the streams were mapped at 1:60,000 scale. Isohyets of the rainfall event – in terms of cumulative maxima over 24 h – are also shown on the <a href="https://doi.org/10.1080/17445647.2017.1390499" target="_blank">Main Map</a>. In Annex A, a list of notices of processes and/or damage, arranged by municipalities, with coordinates, types of ground effect, and synthetic descriptions, is also provided.</p