Utilização de fosfatos comerciais para frangos de corte na fase inicial

The objective of this work was to evaluate the performance and the bone mineralization of broilers, at 1 to 21 days of age, and the bioavailability of phosphorus in commercial phosphates utilized inthe broilers feeding. One thousand and eight male chickens of one day old were distributed in a completely randomized design, in fourteen treatments, with six replications of twelve birds each. Phosphates evaluated were: defl uorinated phosphate, monocalcium B, dicalcium A, dicalcium B and dicalcium C, with two levels of available phosphorus (0.30 and 0.40%). For the evaluation of the relative bioavailability, the abscissa technique was used, and the monocalcium A phosphate was taken as standard (value of 100%), with four levels of available phosphorus: 0.25, 0.35, 0.45 and 0.55%. All the phosphates with 0.40% of available phosphorus levels propitiated similar weight gain to broilers. The monocalcium B resulted in higher bone mineralizationof broilers than the defl uorinated phosphate. The different phosphorus sources presented few differences in the values of relative bioavailability of phosphorus, with better results for the monocalcium B and with highersensibility response for bone ashes than for body weight gain.O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o desempenho e a mineralização óssea de frangos de corte, na fase de 1–21 dias de idade, e a biodisponibilidade de fósforo de fosfatos comerciais utilizados na alimentação de frangos de corte. Mil e oito pintos machos de um dia de idade foram distribuídos em 14 tratamentos, com 6 repetições de 12 aves cada, em delineamento inteiramente ao acaso. Os fosfatos avaliados foram o defl uorizado, monocálcico B, bicálcico A, bicálcico B e bicálcico C, com dois níveis de fósforo disponível (0,30 e 0,40%). Foi adotada a técnica da abscissa e o fosfato monocálcico A como padrão (valor 100%), com quatro níveis de fósforo disponível: 0,25, 0,35, 0,45 e 0,55% para o cálculo da biodisponibilidade relativa. Todos osfosfatos com 0,40% do fósforo disponível proporcionaram às aves ganho de peso semelhante. Houve maior mineralização óssea das aves com o fosfato monocálcico B, comparado ao fosfato defl uorizado. As fontes defósforo apresentaram pequenas diferenças nos valores de biodisponibilidade relativa, com melhores resultados quanto ao monocálcico B e com maior sensibilidade de resposta da variável cinzas ósseas, em relação ao ganho de peso

Growth curves of broilers fed different nutritional relationships using the Gompertz model

The study aimed to evaluate performance and growth curves of broilers fed different nutritional relations. A total of 1,440 Cobb-500 male day-old chicks were assigned to eight treatments in a 2 x 2 x 2 factorial arrangement with six replicates of 30 birds each. The main factors were nutritional density (control and high), lysine source (HCl and sulfate), and calcium pidolate (presence and absence). Analyses were made for body weight gain (BWG), and feed conversion rate (FCR) at 21, and 42 days of age. The growth curves were adjusted by weighing a bird per plot every three days. Data for BWG were tested by ANOVA to evaluate the effects of treatments and their interactions at 5% significance, and the Gompertz model was adjusted by NLS. Birds fed a high nutritional density had higher BWG and lower FCR. Calcium pidolate and different sources of lysine did not influence the FCR of broilers, however a triple interaction was evidenced for BWG at 1 to 42 days of age. The day with maximum gain adjusted by Gompertz of all treatments was at the 32nd day of age and the maximum weight (A) was around 5.85 kg

Critical points on egg production: causes, importance and incidence of eggshell breakage and defects

The occurrence of broken eggs directly depends on the quality of the shell. It is important to consider that the problem of broken eggs is not due to a single factor but a combination of factors. Shell defects, irregularities in shell shape, texture and surface are commonly observed during a regular egg laying cycle and the causes are varied. The incidence of downgraded eggs still represents an important source of economic loss for the egg industry due to products damage and need for further processing. It is possible to obtain significant reduction in the number of eggs lost due to the inferior quality of the shell attempting to an adequate nutrition, disease control, good management practices, and use of genetic lines with higher quality eggshell traits

The table egg: a review Ovo de consumo: uma revisão

This present review intends to provide information and update the reader about diverse aspects of quality and consumption of eggs, the variation among consumer preference worldwide emphasizing the upper status this food represents as source of essential nutrients for human health. This review mainly focus on topics regarding production and quality of table eggs, emphasizing some aspects of the egg market, trend in egg intake and consumers perceptions regarding egg content and nutritious values. Additionally, results from specific studies that provide new findings about the role of enrichment egg components on health, prevention and treatment of diseases are discussed. A novel viewpoint is proposed in this review, highlighting the perspective for an increase of consumption of egg and egg products, mainly in markets where the consumption pattern is known to be low. How the information about shell eggs and its nutrients reach the consumer strongly affect the way this food of higher biological functions takes part in the human diet.Nesta revisão, os autores buscam informar sobre os vários aspectos relacionados à qualidade e ao consumo de ovos ao nível mundial, reportando as diferenças que existem entre os países e a importância que esse alimento representa para o fornecimento de nutrientes essenciais para nutrir e manter a saúde humana. Ao mesmo tempo, a revisão enfoca os estudos específicos, que indicam as novas descobertas sobre o enriquecimento dos ovos e sua ação auxiliar, no controle de problemas de saúde humana. Existe a perspectiva de incrementos no nível de consumo, principalmente nos países onde a ingestão é baixa e, assim, melhorar a nutrição humana com esse alimento de baixo custo e, no entanto, de alta qualidade nutricional

Utilização de fosfatos comerciais para frangos de corte na fase inicial Utilization of commercial phosphates for broilers in the starter phase

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o desempenho e a mineralização óssea de frangos de corte, na fase de 1-21 dias de idade, e a biodisponibilidade de fósforo de fosfatos comerciais utilizados na alimentação de frangos de corte. Mil e oito pintos machos de um dia de idade foram distribuídos em 14 tratamentos, com 6 repetições de 12 aves cada, em delineamento inteiramente ao acaso. Os fosfatos avaliados foram o defluorizado, monocálcico B, bicálcico A, bicálcico B e bicálcico C, com dois níveis de fósforo disponível (0,30 e 0,40%). Foi adotada a técnica da abscissa e o fosfato monocálcico A como padrão (valor 100%), com quatro níveis de fósforo disponível: 0,25, 0,35, 0,45 e 0,55% para o cálculo da biodisponibilidade relativa. Todos os fosfatos com 0,40% do fósforo disponível proporcionaram às aves ganho de peso semelhante. Houve maior mineralização óssea das aves com o fosfato monocálcico B, comparado ao fosfato defluorizado. As fontes de fósforo apresentaram pequenas diferenças nos valores de biodisponibilidade relativa, com melhores resultados quanto ao monocálcico B e com maior sensibilidade de resposta da variável cinzas ósseas, em relação ao ganho de peso.The objective of this work was to evaluate the performance and the bone mineralization of broilers, at 1 to 21 days of age, and the bioavailability of phosphorus in commercial phosphates utilized in the broilers feeding. One thousand and eight male chickens of one day old were distributed in a completely randomized design, in fourteen treatments, with six replications of twelve birds each. Phosphates evaluated were: defluorinated phosphate, monocalcium B, dicalcium A, dicalcium B and dicalcium C, with two levels of available phosphorus (0.30 and 0.40%). For the evaluation of the relative bioavailability, the abscissa technique was used, and the monocalcium A phosphate was taken as standard (value of 100%), with four levels of available phosphorus: 0.25, 0.35, 0.45 and 0.55%. All the phosphates with 0.40% of available phosphorus levels propitiated similar weight gain to broilers. The monocalcium B resulted in higher bone mineralization of broilers than the defluorinated phosphate. The different phosphorus sources presented few differences in the values of relative bioavailability of phosphorus, with better results for the monocalcium B and with higher sensibility response for bone ashes than for body weight gain