Sambandet mellan psykisk ohälsa och hälsorelaterade levnadsvanor bland kvinnor och män i en skånsk befolkning

Bakgrund: Daglig rökning och låg fysisk aktivitet på fritiden är betydligt högre bland individer med psykisk ohälsa. Syfte: Att undersöka dessa samband i ett köns- och socioekonomiskt perspektiv, samt eventuellt finna bakomliggande orsaker. Metod: Använder data från en tvärsnittsstudie (Folkhälsoenkät, Skåne 2000) med en representativ population (n = 11 304) i åldern 18-65. Huvudvariabler är självrapporterad daglig rökning och låg fysisk aktivitet, samt psykisk ohälsa som bedöms via General Health Questionnaire-12. Analyser gjordes med logistisk regression för att få oddskvoter och kontrollera för möjliga confounders. Resultat: Samband finns mellan psykisk ohälsa och daglig rökning, respektive låg fysisk aktivitet bland båda könen, och bland socioekonomiska grupper. Kvinnor har signifikant lägre oddskvoter gällande båda sambanden. Individer med psykisk ohälsa har fler ofördelaktiga levnadsvanor än de med ej psykisk ohälsa, oavsett socioekonomisk status. Ingen signifikant skillnad upptäcktes mellan socioekonomiska grupper vid jämförelse av oddskvoter gällande låg fysisk aktivitet, bland kvinnor med ej psykisk ohälsa. Slutsatser: Studien har bekräftat sambandet psykisk ohälsa och daglig rökning, respektive låg fysisk aktivitet, bland båda könen och inom olika socioekonomiska grupper.Title: The relationship between mental ill-health and health related lifestyle habits among women and men in a scanian population Background: Daily smoking and low leisure time physical activity prevalence are higher among individuals with mental ill-health. Aim: To investigate these relationships in a gender- and socioeconomic perspective, together with possible underlying mechanisms. Methods: Using data from a cross-sectional survey (Scania public health survey, 2000) with a representative sample (n = 11 304), aged 18-65. Included were selfreported daily smoking, low leisure time physical activity, and mental health measured by the General Health Questionnaire-12. Logistic regression analyses were performed to get odds ratios (OR), and to adjust for potential confounding factors. Results: Daily smoking and low leisure time physical activity were found to be associated with mental ill-health, among both sexes. Women had significantly lower OR than men with regard to both relationships. Individuals with mental illhealth had more unfavourable lifestyle habits than individuals without, independently of socioeconomic status. There were no significant differences between socioeconomic groups when comparing OR for low leisure time physical activity among women without mental ill-health. Conclusions: This study confirms the relationships of mental ill-health and daily smoking, and low leisure time physical activity, among both sexes and within different socioeconomic groups. Key words: mental health; daily smoking; low leisure time physical activity; General Health Questionnaire-12; gender; socioeconomic status; etnicity; crosssectional study

8‑Functionalization of Alkyl-Substituted-3,8-Dimethyl BODIPYs by Knoevenagel Condensation

New 8-alkenylBODIPYs have been synthesized by Knoevenagel condensation between a series of alkyl-substituted-3,8-dimethylBODIPYs and aromatic or aliphatic aldehydes. This is in clear contrast with literature precedents, which indicate that this reaction occurs exclusively on the methyl group at C-3. The change in hybridization of the carbon at the 8-position (from sp³ to sp²) determines the fluorescence emission of the BODIPY, while the presence of electron-donating or -withdrawing groups leads to intramolecular charge transfer processes

8‑Functionalization of Alkyl-Substituted-3,8-Dimethyl BODIPYs by Knoevenagel Condensation

New 8-alkenylBODIPYs have been synthesized by Knoevenagel condensation between a series of alkyl-substituted-3,8-dimethylBODIPYs and aromatic or aliphatic aldehydes. This is in clear contrast with literature precedents, which indicate that this reaction occurs exclusively on the methyl group at C-3. The change in hybridization of the carbon at the 8-position (from sp³ to sp²) determines the fluorescence emission of the BODIPY, while the presence of electron-donating or -withdrawing groups leads to intramolecular charge transfer processes

Selective Lateral Lithiation of Methyl BODIPYs: Synthesis, Photophysics, and Electrochemistry of New <i>Meso</i> Derivatives

Selected <i>meso</i> BODIPYs (chemically reactive, difficult to obtain by established procedures, or photophysically or electrochemically attractive) have been obtained by unprecedented selective lateral lithiation of 8-methylBODIPYs. The physical study of the obtained new <i>meso</i> BODIPYs reveals interesting tunable properties related to the activation of intramolecular charge-transfer processes, endorsing the new synthetic methodology as useful for the development of smarter BODIPY dyes for technological applications

8‑Functionalization of Alkyl-Substituted-3,8-Dimethyl BODIPYs by Knoevenagel Condensation

New 8-alkenylBODIPYs have been synthesized by Knoevenagel condensation between a series of alkyl-substituted-3,8-dimethylBODIPYs and aromatic or aliphatic aldehydes. This is in clear contrast with literature precedents, which indicate that this reaction occurs exclusively on the methyl group at C-3. The change in hybridization of the carbon at the 8-position (from sp³ to sp²) determines the fluorescence emission of the BODIPY, while the presence of electron-donating or -withdrawing groups leads to intramolecular charge transfer processes

8‑Functionalization of Alkyl-Substituted-3,8-Dimethyl BODIPYs by Knoevenagel Condensation

New 8-alkenylBODIPYs have been synthesized by Knoevenagel condensation between a series of alkyl-substituted-3,8-dimethylBODIPYs and aromatic or aliphatic aldehydes. This is in clear contrast with literature precedents, which indicate that this reaction occurs exclusively on the methyl group at C-3. The change in hybridization of the carbon at the 8-position (from sp³ to sp²) determines the fluorescence emission of the BODIPY, while the presence of electron-donating or -withdrawing groups leads to intramolecular charge transfer processes

8‑Functionalization of Alkyl-Substituted-3,8-Dimethyl BODIPYs by Knoevenagel Condensation

New 8-alkenylBODIPYs have been synthesized by Knoevenagel condensation between a series of alkyl-substituted-3,8-dimethylBODIPYs and aromatic or aliphatic aldehydes. This is in clear contrast with literature precedents, which indicate that this reaction occurs exclusively on the methyl group at C-3. The change in hybridization of the carbon at the 8-position (from sp³ to sp²) determines the fluorescence emission of the BODIPY, while the presence of electron-donating or -withdrawing groups leads to intramolecular charge transfer processes

Circularly Polarized Luminescence by Visible-Light Absorption in a Chiral <i>O-</i>BODIPY Dye: Unprecedented Design of CPL Organic Molecules from Achiral Chromophores

Circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) in simple (small, nonaggregated, nonpolymeric) <i>O-</i>BODIPYs <b>(<i>R</i>)-1</b> and <b>(<i>S</i>)-1</b> by irradiation with visible light is first detected as proof of the ability of a new structural design to achieve CPL from inherently achiral monochromophore systems in simple organic molecules. The measured level of CPL (|<i>g</i>_lum|) in solution falls into the usual range of that obtained from other simple organic molecules (10^–5–10^–2 range), but the latter having more complex architectures since axially chiral chromophores or multichromophore systems are usually required. The new design is based on chirally perturbing the acting achiral chromophore by orthogonally tethering a single axially chiral 1,1′-binaphtyl moiety to it. The latter does not participate as a chromophore in the light-absorption/emission phenomenon. This simple design opens up new perspectives for the future development of new small-sized CPL organic dyes (e.g., those based on other highly luminescent achiral chromophores and/or chirally perturbing moieties), as well as for the improvement of the CPL properties of the organic molecules spanning their use in photonic applications