Irrigation efficiency simulation for common bean during dry season, in the municipality of Goiânia, Goiás.

Goiás State is considered the major common beans producer in the autumn/winter season. In this season, the common beans production is fully irrigated by Center Pivot. However, due to the water scarcity water, the water dispute among human consumption, power generation, industries and agriculture is increasing. Then, it is important to optimize their consumption in the agriculture. Crop models are excellent tools for that and were used in this study to simulate the irrigation efficiency during the winter season for two cultivars, Pérola and BRS Radiante. Five planting dates from April to August and five irrigation amounts (10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 mm) applied when the soil water content reaches 50% of field capacity (CC) were considered. For cultivar Pérola, longer cycle, the best irrigation efficiency was obtained at the end of planting season, in the month of August, for the fixed irrigation amounts of 20 and 25 mm respectively. In the other hand, for the short cycle cultivar, BRS Radiante, the best irrigation efficiency was obtained only at the begin of planting date season, April

Mapping the potential yield of upland rice in Rondonia State.

The rice farming has a high socioeconomical importance for Brazilian population, and represents since the 1970?s, it is the main crop for agricultural borders opening. Aiming characterize the potential yield and to define the regions most favorable for growth upland rice, it was simulated the potential grain yield (PGY), potential evapotranspiration (ETP) and maximum transpiration (TRC) by anoriented process crop model. The simulations were based on cultivar BRSPrimavera, considering eight planting dates (Nov 1st, 10th, 20th, Dec 1st, 10th, 20th, 30th and Jan 9th), for 33 years of data weather (1980-2013), in seven locations at Rondônia state: Ariquemes, Cacoal, Guajara-Mirim, Ji-Paraná, Machadinho do Oeste, Porto Velho and Vilhena. The upland rice crop cycle ranged from 95 days from emergence (DAE) in Ariquemes to 99 DAE in Machadinho do Oeste. The PGY, ETP and TRC data set were spatialized for the region. Rondônia showed an average and standard deviation potential yield of 4393 and 477 kg ha-1. The average ETP was 584,8 mm/cycle, with variance of 1259.9 mm/cycle. Maximum and minimum values of ETP was found for Guajara-Mirim and Vilhena, planting dates of Nov 1st and Jan 9th, respectively. The spatialization of results demonstrated a trend of PGY reduction as the sowing date is delayed. The highest potential yield were found at Vilhena (4952.7 kg/ha) and Ariquemes (4461.4 kg/ha)

The Kaon-Photoproduction Of Nucleons In The Quark Model

In this paper, we develop a general framework to study the meson-photoproductions of nucleons in the chiral quark model. The S and U channel resonance contributions are expressed in terms of the Chew-Goldberger-Low-Nambu (CGLN) amplitudes. The kaon-photoproduction processes, $\gamma p\to K^+ \Lambda$, $\gamma p\to K^+ \Sigma^0$, and $\gamma p\to K^0\Sigma^+$, are calculated. The initial results show that the quark model provides a much improved description of the reaction mechanism for the kaon-photoproductions of the nucleon with less parameters than the traditional phenomenological approaches.Comment: 25 pages, 9 postscript figures can be obtained from the author

Potential of the three-Terminal heterojunction bipolar transistor solar cell for space applications

Multi-Terminal multi-junction solar cells (MJSC) offer higher efficiency potential than series connected (two-Terminal) ones. In addition, for terrestrial applications, the efficiency of multi-Terminal solar cells is less sensitive to solar spectral variations than the two-Terminal series-connected one. In space, generally, cells are always illuminated with AM0 spectrum and no impact is expected from spectral variations. Still, in space, the multi-Terminal approach offers some advantages in comparison with the series-connected architecture approach derived from a higher end of life (EOL) efficiency. In this work we review the potential of multi-Terminal solar cells for achieving extended EOL efficiencies with emphasis in the potential of the three-Terminal heterojunction bipolar transistor solar cell, a novel multi-Terminal MJSC architecture with a simplified structure not requiring, for example, tunnel junctions

Gauge-invariant tree-level photoproduction amplitudes with form factors

We show how the gauge-invariance formulation given by Haberzettl is implemented in practice for photoproduction amplitudes at the tree level with form factors describing composite nucleons. We demonstrate that, in contrast to Ohta's gauge-invariance prescription, this formalism allows electric current contributions to be multiplied by a form factor, i.e., it does not require that they be treated like bare currents. While different in detail, this nevertheless lends support to previous ad hoc approaches which multiply the Born amplitudes by an overall form factor. Numerical results for kaon photoproduction off the nucleon are given. They show that the gauge procedure by Haberzettl leads to much improved $\chi^2$ values as compared to Ohta's prescription.Comment: 5 pages, RevTeX, two eps figure

Iberian cured-ham consumption improves endothelial function in healthy subjects

Objectives: Previous studies have shown that dietary components such as oleic acid or polyphenols exert beneficial effects on endothelium. We aimed to assess the impact of regular consumption of Iberian cured-ham (ICH) on endothelial function. Design: An open-label, randomized controlled parallel study. Setting: Volunteers recruited through advertisements at a hospital in Madrid, Spain. Participants: 102 Caucasian adults (76.8% females) aged 25-55 years, and free from cardiometabolic disease. Intervention: Participants were randomized to an ICH-enriched ad libitum diet or an ad libitum diet without ICH for 6 weeks. Subjects in ICH group were randomly provided with either acorn- or mixed-fed ICH, and followed up for an additional 6-week period under their usual diet. Measurements: Clinical parameters, biomarkers of endothelial function and oxidative stress, microvascular vasodilatory response to hyperemia and arterial stiffness were measured before and after the intervention. Results: After 6 weeks, a larger decrease in PAI-1 was observed in subjects consuming ICH compared to the Control group (-6.2±17.7 vs. 0.3±1.4 ng/ml; p=0.020). Similarly, microvascular vasodilatory response to hyperemia showed a significant increase (112.4±391.7 vs. -56.0±327.9%; p=0.007). However, neither oxidative stress, hemodynamic nor clinical parameters differed significantly over the study. Additionally, after stopping ICH consumption, improvements in PAI-1 remained for 6 additional weeks with respect to baseline (p=0.006). Conclusion: The present study demonstrates, for the first time, that regular consumption of ICH improves endothelial function in healthy adults. Strategies aimed to preserve or improve the endothelial function may have implications in vascular aging beyond the prevention of the atherothrombotic disease

Estimation of solar prominence magnetic fields based on the reconstructed 3D trajectories of prominence knots

We present an estimation of the lower limits of local magnetic fields in quiescent, activated, and active (surges) promineces, based on reconstructed 3-dimensional (3D) trajectories of individual prominence knots. The 3D trajectories, velocities, tangential and centripetal accelerations of the knots were reconstructed using observational data collected with a single ground-based telescope equipped with a Multi-channel Subtractive Double Pass imaging spectrograph. Lower limits of magnetic fields channeling observed plasma flows were estimated under assumption of the equipartition principle. Assuming approximate electron densities of the plasma n_e = 5*10^{11} cm^{-3} in surges and n_e = 5*10^{10} cm^{-3} in quiescent/activated prominences, we found that the magnetic fields channeling two observed surges range from 16 to 40 Gauss, while in quiescent and activated prominences they were less than 10 Gauss. Our results are consistent with previous detections of weak local magnetic fields in the solar prominences.Comment: 14 pages, 12 figures, 1 tabl