Evaluation of a community radio station in Tulikup, Bali: Indonesia

Community-oriented radio can be a valuable tool to mobilise communities and contribute to making positive social changes throughout the world (Dagron, 2001). Heartline Bali FM is a community-oriented radio station, which since development, has sought to positively impact the people within the community it serves. Located in the rural Balinese village of Tulikup, Indonesia, the station has responded practically to the health and social needs of the community through radio and other social development strategies since its establishment in 2003. In 2004, a base-line needs assessment was conducted within the village to help inform the radio station of the health and social needs of the community that it needed to address (Pepall, Jaya, & James, 2006). In 2007 an evaluation of the three-year community development project was conducted using community appropriate research methods to measure the social changes. The methodology used for evaluation was a multi-faceted approach aimed at continuing the community empowerment process that the project had sought to develop. It incorporated an evaluation tool called the Most Significant Change (MSC) technique and series of community radio indicators that are used for evaluating community-oriented radio stations. The MSC technique is a dialogical, story based evaluation tool which has been proven effective when evaluating social development programmes throughout the world, particularly in developing countries(Davies & Dart, 2005). MSC aims to explore community-wide beliefs of significant changes that projects have made within communities, and as such sought to determine significant changes within Tulikup brought about by Heartline Bali FM through their on and off-air social development programs. To maintain research rigour the MSC was complimented with a series of community-oriented radio indicators that were developed to guide evaluation of radio stations which aim to empower communities through health and social development community strategies. Indicators explored all areas of the community radio station with a focus on determining the level of involvement from the community with the operation of the station. Using the indicators acted as a form of triangulation with the MSC technique. In 2004, the majority of the community were negative towards the radio station. There was wide-spread distrust existing towards the station as the majority Hindu community were unaware of the intentions of the station, which consisted of mainly Christian staff. Through a range of community-relevant social development programs the station has shown that their intentions are only to have a positive impact on the well-being of the community. Within three years, Heartline now has community-wide acceptance with people believing the station provides a valuable contribution to the community and hope that it would continue to do so. The station is committed to positively impacting the community in community-relevant ways. In the past this focus has been through many health promotion programs, providing information regarding local health issues such as HIV/AIDS, dengue fever and diarrhoea prevention. A recent survey by the Department of Nutrition Polytechnic of Health Denpasar found that over 50% of the community were living below the poverty line so raising the economic status of the community has also been a focus (Kusumajaya, 2006). A number of off-air community development programs have been implemented which aim to increase the economic level of the community. By using radio as a conduit, Heartline has aimed to influence the social situation/networks of the community and strengthen social capital. The radio station has been able to positively and significantly impact many individuals throughout the community through a range of community development activities. Since the radio station is now a trusted source within the community, this provides a valuable opportunity to now impact the community on a community-wide basis

Propulsion System Modeling and Takeoff Distance Calculations for a Powered-Lift Aircraft with Circulation-Control Wing Aerodynamics

The computation of takeoff distance for powered-lift aircraft is complicated because of the coupling of aerodynamic performance (lift, drag and moment coefficients) with forward speed. Cal Poly has developed an analysis procedure to capture this coupling, and the development of this procedure is continuing. In the past year, Cal Poly has completed a Phase I NRA contract from the NASA for the configuration development and modeling of CESTOL aircraft. The primary objective of this contract was to identify an aircraft configuration in enough detail to proceed into a Phase II contract to design and construct a large scale wind tunnel model followed by a wind tunnel test to measure both aerodynamic performance and noise. Four aircraft configurations have been developed, and all but one of the configurations use circulation control wing aerodynamics (CCW) to produce powered-lift aerodynamic effect for the wing. The aircraft configuration selected for the Phase II contract makes extensive use of CCW to develop high lift aerodynamics for takeoff and initial climb and again for final descent and landing. An additional goal for the Phase I project was the CFD modeling of the aerodynamics of a CESTOL aircraft, and to use the CFD results to develop a new aerodynamic meta-model. In addition, a meta-model for propulsion performance was to be developed and the two meta-models were to be integrated into an upgraded takeoff code written in MATLAB. These models all combined were to demonstrate an up-graded version of the Cal Poly takeoff performance procedure. However, at present, the aerodynamics meta-model is not yet complete and work will continue on into Phase II. Thus, no specific takeoff performance is demonstrated in this paper. However, in this paper details of the aircraft configurations are presented, the options available to proceed high pressure air to the wing slots to produce CCW aerodynamics are discussed, the propulsion metamodel is defined, the analysis procedure for the aerodynamics meta-model is discussed and the up-graded takeoff program is discussed

An Analysis of Repeated High Intensity Efforts (RHIE) across Different Competition Levels in Elite Rugby Union

The current investigation aimed to understand the differing positional demands across two elite rugby union competitions, with special reference to high-intensity effort (HIE) and repeated high-intensity effort (RHIE) activity. Four hundred and forty-one (n = 441) individual game files from thirty-five competitive games from the European Rugby Champions Cup (tier 1; n = 8) and PRO12 League (tier 2; n = 24) were analysed. Players’ locomotor profiles were recorded using wearable global positioning system microtechnology (10 Hz Catapult S5, Catapult Innovations, Australia). Locomotor activities were classified as running (4.4 ms1), high-speed running (5.5 ms1), accelerations (2 ms2) and decelerations (2 ms2). Data was gathered on collisions (4 g1), high-intensity efforts (HIE), repeated high-intensity efforts (RHIE), average number of efforts within a RHIE bout (n) and maximal number of efforts within a RHIE bout (n). Overall locomotor differences between competitions were trivial to small in nature, with tier 1 competition associated with a larger number of RHIE bouts (6.5 1.4 vs. 5.7 1.5, effect size, ES = 0.55) and efforts per bout (3.0 1.1 vs. 2.4 1.2, ES = 0.52). Collisions comprised a greater proportion of total HIE for forwards within tier 1 competition compared to tier 2 competition. The hooker (mean difference: 4 [10 to 14]; ES = 0.30, small), lock (mean difference: 5 [12 to 23]; ES = 0.36, small) and backrow (mean difference: 8 [10 to 15]; ES = 0.54, small) positions engaged in more collisions during tier 1 competition compared to tier 2 competition. These findings can be used by athletic performance staff to design game-specific drills and recovery strategies during different competition weeks to ensure players are appropriately prepared for the differing demands of elite rugby competitio

Fair relationships and policies to support family day care educators’ mental health: a qualitative study

High quality child care is a population health investment that relies on the capacity of providers. The mental health and wellbeing of child care educators is fundamental to care quality and turnover, yet sector views on the relationship between working conditions and mental health and wellbeing are scarce. This paper examines child care educators\u27 and sector key informants\u27 perspectives on how working in family day care influences educator\u27s mental health and wellbeing

Foothill High School Wind Symphony and UNLV Symphonic Winds

Program listing performers and works performe