Aerobic training with a self-selected or predetermined intensity on sleep parameters in adolescents with obesity: a randomized clinical trial

Objectives: To compare the effects of self-selected and predetermined intensity on sleep quality and duration, daytime sleepiness, and sleep efficiency of adolescents with obesity after 12 weeks of aerobic training. Material and Methods: Thirty-seven adolescents (12 girls), 13-18 years old, with obesity (BMI = 95th) were randomized into a predetermined intensity group (PIG), exercise intensity around 60-70% of heart rate reserve; or self-selected intensity group (SIG), the adolescents chose the speed/intensity at the beginning of each session and were able to change it every 5 minutes. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) were used to assess sleep outcomes. Results: No differences were observed for PSQI [0.00 ± 2.00 vs 1.38 ± 2.7; p=0.195; d=0.60 (moderate effect)], sleep duration [-0.95 ± 1.2 vs -0.35 ± 1.6; p=0.358; d=0.41 (small effect)], ESS [(2.10 ± 3.9 vs 1.15 ± 4.5; p=0.195; d=0.23 (small effect)], and sleep efficiency [(81.5 ± 24.0 vs 79.4 ± 17.0; p=0.8.14; d=0.10 (trivial effect)] for the PIG and SIG groups, respectively. Conclusion: Aerobic training at a self- selected or predetermined intensity does not modulate sleep quality, sleep duration and efficiency, and daytime sleepiness, independent of intensity

AORTIC POST-RESISTANCE EXERCISE HYPOTENSION IN PATIENTS WITH PERIPHERAL ARTERY DISEASE

<div><p>ABSTRACT Introduction: A single session of resistance training decreases brachial blood pressure (BP) in patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD). However, it is not known whether similar responses occur in aortic BP, which is a better predictor of cardiovascular risk. Objective: This study aimed to analyze the effects of a single session of resistance training on aortic BP in PAD patients. Methods: This randomized, crossover, controlled trial involved 16 patients. All of them performed a session of resistance training (R - 3 x 10 reps in eight exercises, 5-7 on the OMNI Scale) and a control session (C - resting for 50 min). Before and after each session, aortic BP was assessed by applanation tonometry technique. Results: There was an increase in systolic (P<0.002) and mean (P<0.001) aortic BP in both sessions; however, higher increases were observed in C session (P<0.001). Additionally, diastolic aortic BP only increased after C session (P=0.004). The hypotensive effect of the exercise on systolic, diastolic, and mean aortic BP were -12±2, -6±2, and -7±2 mmHg, respectively. Conclusion: A single session of resistance training promoted a hypotensive effect on aortic BP of patients with PAD, indicating an acute reduction in cardiovascular risk in this population. Level of Evidence I; Therapeutic studies - Investigating the results of treatment.</p></div

ASSOCIAÇÃO ENTRE A ATIVIDADE FÍSICA DE LAZER E DE DESLOCAMENTO COM A VARIABILIDADE DA FREQUÊNCIA CARDÍACA EM ADOLESCENTES DO SEXO MASCULINO

RESUMO Objetivo: Investigar a associação entre parâmetros de variabilidade da frequência cardíaca (VFC) e atividades físicas de lazer e deslocamento em adolescentes do sexo masculino. Métodos: A amostra incluiu 1.152 adolescentes do sexo masculino com idades entre 14 e 19 anos. A variação dos batimentos cardíacos consecutivos (intervalos entre duas ondas R sucessivas - RR) foi avaliada, e calcularam-se os parâmetros da VFC no tempo (desvio padrão de todos os intervalos RR - SDNN, raiz quadrada da média do quadrado das diferenças entre intervalos RR normais adjacentes - RMSSD, porcentagem dos intervalos RR adjacentes com diferença de duração maior que 50 ms - pNN50) e domínios de frequência (low frequency - LF/high frequency - HF). Informações sobre atividades físicas de lazer e deslocamento foram obtidas por meio de um questionário. Realizou-se regressão logística binária entre parâmetros de VFC e atividade física. Resultados: Foi descoberta associação entre atividades físicas de lazer e as variáveis SDNN, RMSSD e pNN50, mas não houve associação entre tais atividades e a razão LF/HF. Essas associações foram mais fortes entre adolescentes que se mantinham fisicamente ativos havia mais de seis meses. Atividades físicas de deslocamento não foram associadas a nenhum parâmetro de VFC. Jovens que praticavam atividades físicas de deslocamento e também se mantinham fisicamente ativos havia mais de seis meses apresentaram menor chance de ter baixa SDNN e RMSSD. Conclusões: Atividades físicas de lazer e de deslocamento foram associadas a melhor VFC, e tais associações foram reforçadas quando os adolescentes mantinham atividade física havia mais de seis meses. Atividade física de deslocamento não foi associada com os parâmetros da VFC, no entanto tal associação surgiu nos casos de adolescentes fisicamente ativos em atividades de deslocamento havia mais de seis meses

Relationship between propulsive force of the arm, body composition and isokinetic muscle strength indicators in surfers

<div><p>Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the potential relationship between body composition (percentage of fat mass (FM %), fat mass and lean mass), muscle function (i.e., muscles; deltoid side and front, pectoralis major and teres major) and the propulsive force of the arm (PFA). Sixteen competitive surfers (29.1 ± 7.3 years; 1.72 ± 0.06 m; 74.2 ± 1.4 kg) were assessed for height, body mass, body composition (dual-energy-DXA), muscle function and PFA. Pearson correlation analyses were used to verify the relationship between all variables. An inverse correlations were found between PFA and isokinetic parameters to 60o/s: external rotation (peak torque: r = -0.71; p = 0.014; total work: r = -0.75; p = 0.007; power: r = -0.72; p = 0.011) and internal rotation (peak torque: r = -0.61; p = 0.045; total work: r = -0.73; p = 0.010; power: r = -0.61; p = 0.045) and 300o/s: external rotation (peak torque: r = -0.79; p = 0.003; total work: r = -0.84; p<0,001; power: r = -0.81; p = 0.002) and internal rotation (peak torque: r = -0.69; p = 0.017; total work: r = -0.72; p = 0.011; power: r = -0.69; p = 0.017). There was no significant correlation between body composition components and PFA (p>0.05). Although correlations do not imply cause and effect, PFA is not correlated with body composition in surfers and these relationships are inversely related to the parameters of muscle function.</p></div