Nonextensive Quantum H-Theorem

A proof of the quantum $H$-theorem taking into account nonextensive effects on the quantum entropy $S^Q_q$ is shown. The positiveness of the time variation of $S^Q_q$ combined with a duality transformation implies that the nonextensive parameter $q$ lies in the interval [0,2]. It is also shown that the equilibrium states are described by quantum $q$-power law extensions of the Fermi-Dirac and Bose-Einstein distributions. Such results reduce to the standard ones in the extensive limit, thereby showing that the nonextensive entropic framework can be harmonized with the quantum distributions contained in the quantum statistics theory.Comment: 5 pages, LaTe

A Layman's guide to SUSY GUTs

The determination of the most straightforward evidence for the existence of the Superworld requires a guide for non-experts (especially experimental physicists) for them to make their own judgement on the value of such predictions. For this purpose we review the most basic results of Super-Grand unification in a simple and clear way. We focus the attention on two specific models and their predictions. These two models represent an example of a direct comparison between a traditional unified-theory and a string-inspired approach to the solution of the many open problems of the Standard Model. We emphasize that viable models must satisfy {\em all} available experimental constraints and be as simple as theoretically possible. The two well defined supergravity models, $SU(5)$ and $SU(5)\times U(1)$, can be described in terms of only a few parameters (five and three respectively) instead of the more than twenty needed in the MSSM model, \ie, the Minimal Supersymmetric extension of the Standard Model. A case of special interest is the strict no-scale $SU(5)\times U(1)$ supergravity where all predictions depend on only one parameter (plus the top-quark mass). A general consequence of these analyses is that supersymmetric particles can be at the verge of discovery, lurking around the corner at present and near future facilities. This review should help anyone distinguish between well motivated predictions and predictions based on arbitrary choices of parameters in undefined models.Comment: 25 pages, Latex, 11 figures (not included), CERN-TH.7077/93, CTP-TAMU-65/93. A complete ps file (1.31MB) with embedded figures is available by request from [email protected]

Planck Scale Physics and the Testability of SU(5) Supergravity GUT

GUT scale threshold corrections in minimal SU(5) supergravity grand unification are discussed. It is shown that predictions may be made despite uncertainties associated with the high energy scale. A bound relating the strong coupling constant to the mass scales associated with proton decay and supersymmetry is derived, and a sensitive probe of the underlying theory is outlined. In particular, low energy measurements can in principle determine the presence of Planck scale ($1 / {{\rm M}_{\rm Pl}}$) terms.Comment: 12 pages, REVTeX, 2 figures included in an uuencoded Z-compressed PostScript file. Ready to print PostScript version (with figures) may be picked up at ftp://phys.tamu.edu/urano/planck/paper_prep.p

Predictions for Constrained Minimal Supersymmetry with Bottom-Tau Mass Unification

We examine the Constrained Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (CMSSM) with an additional requirement of strict b - tau unification in the region of small tan(beta). We find that the parameter space becomes completely limited below about 1 TeV by physical constraints alone, without a fine-tuning constraint. We study the resulting phenomenological consequences, and point out several ways of falsifying the adopted b - tau unification assumption. We also comment on the effect of a constraint from the non-observation of proton decay.Comment: Michigan preprint UM-TH-94-03, LaTeX, 18 pages with inline figures (figures included in uuencoded file). Complete PS file also available by anonymous FTP to williams.physics.lsa.umich.edu in /pub/preprints/UM-TH-94-03.ps.Z or by e-mailing reques

Variabilidade genética entre acessos de pinhão-manso na fase juvenil.

O pinhão-manso está entre as oleaginosas que podem ser cultivadas para aumentar a produção de biodiesel. Este trabalho teve como objetivo estudar a variabilidade genética entre acessos de pinhão-manso do Banco Ativo de Germoplasma da Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, com base em características tomadas na fase juvenil das plantas. Foram avaliados dez acessos de pinhão-manso, oriundos de diferentes locais, tomando-se para avaliação as características: altura de plantas, altura de inserção da primeira folha, diâmetro do caule e número de folhas. A análise estatística foi baseada em modelos mistos do tipo REML/BLUP. Os valores genotípicos preditos dos acessos foram utilizados na realização da análise multivariada para cômputo de distâncias genéticas entre procedências e agrupamento pelo método de Tocher. Os resultados indicaram a presença de considerável variabilidade entre os dez acessos. A herdabilidade de plantas individuais no sentido amplo foi baixa, porém para a herdabilidade da média de acesso foram obtidos altos coeficientes: 56% para altura de plantas, 82% para altura da primeira folha, 76% para diâmetro de caule e 89% para número de folhas. Tais valores indicam a possibilidade de grande precisão na seleção entre populações. No estudo da divergência, os acessos avaliados foram separados em dois grupos distintos: o primeiro grupo com sete acessos similares geneticamente, e o segundo com três acessos