Phase-coexisting patterns, horizontal segregation and controlled convection in vertically vibrated binary granular mixtures

We report new patterns, consisting of coexistence of sub-harmonic/harmonic and asynchronous states [for example, a granular gas co-existing with (i) bouncing bed, (ii) undulatory subharmonic waves and (iii) Leidenfrost-like state], in experiments on vertically vibrated binary granular mixtures in a Heleshaw-type cell. Most experiments have been carried out with equimolar binary mixtures of glass and steel balls of same diameter by varying the total layer-height ($F$) for a range of shaking acceleration ($\Gamma$). All patterns as well as the related phase-diagram in the ($\Gamma, F$)-plane have been reproduced via molecular dynamics simulations of the same system. The segregation of heavier and lighter particles along the horizontal direction is shown to be the progenitor of such phase-coexisting patterns as confirmed in both experiment and simulation. At strong shaking we uncover a {\it partial} convection state in which a pair of convection rolls is found to coexist with a Leidenfrost-like state. The crucial role of the relative number density of two species on controlling the buoyancy-driven granular convection is demonstrated. A possible model for spontaneous horizontal segregation is suggested based on anisotropic diffusion

Study of the effect of PAPA NONOate on the rate of diabetic wound healing

To investigate the effect of exogenous nitric oxide donor (PAPA NONOate) a drug which spontaneously release nitric oxide on the rate of wound healing and collagen synthesis on impaired wound healing in experimental diabetes. 12 male Sprague – Dawley rats were transferred to separate metabolic cages. Nine days before wounding, the rats were injected intraperitoneally (IP) with streptozotocin (STZ) (55 mg/kg body weight in citrate buffer 0.1 mol/L, pH 4.5) to induce diabetes. The dorsal surface of each rat was properly shaved and given full thickness dermal wound. The test group (n = 6) was treated with 100 μmole PAPA NONOate in phosphate buffer while control wounds (n = 6) received sterile phosphate buffer on the same day and every three days. Daily urine samples were collected at every 24 h intervals. To inhibit bacterial growth, 5 ml of 3 M HCl was added to each urine collection (pH = 1) and urine samples were kept frozen until analyzed (-70°C). Urinary nitrate (NO-3) was quantitated daily prior to wounding, and during wound healing (21 days) following external wound closure. The rate of wound healing was determined by video image analysis. PAPA NONOate treatment increased the rate wound healing in test group as compared to the control group. The nitric oxide donor PAPA NONOate may represent a potential treatment for impaired wound healing in diabetes by increasing the rate of collagen synthesis at the wound site.Key words: Wound healing, PAPA NONOate, diabetic wound

Second Backbend in the Mass A ~ 180 Region

Within the framework of selfconsistent cranked Hartree-Fock- Bogoliubov theory(one-dimensional) we predict second backbend in the yrast line of Os-182 at $I \approx 40$, which is even sharper than the first one observed experimentally at $I \approx 14$. Around such a high spin the structure becomes multi-quasiparticle type, but the main source of this strong discontinuity is a sudden large alignment of i_13/2 proton orbitals along the rotation axis followed soon by the alignment of j_15/2 neutron orbitals. This leads to drastic structural changes at such high spins. When experimentally confirmed, this will be observed for the first time in this mass region, and will be at the highest spin so far.Comment: 13 pages, 4 ps figure

Smart Automation System for Office Environment

A smart automation system for office environment is being designed in this system. Various controlling systems based on lighting, ventilating, luminance are discussed respectively. Various sensors are used to extract the real time information i.e. temperature, light intensity, humidity, smoke, motion sensor are used. This data is send to ARM 11 Controller. It is then send to PC where data is saved. Through Network switch this data is send to other PC’s. The data collected is stored as database and can be accessed anytime. The data is send to the android or any internet enabled device. This system also provides need based emergency services like Ambulance call, fire alarm. Biometric fingerprint is used for security purpose. Manual mode and automatic mode are two alternative modes designed to promote the usability of smart office system. Control of electric lighting fixtures of different office spaces is done

EFFECT OF NON-ENZYMATIC ANTIOXIDANTS IN EXTENDER ON POST-THAW QUALITY OF BUFFALO (BUBALUS BUBALIS) BULL SPERMATOZOA

The objective of the present study was to determine the effect of non-enzymatic antioxidants (vitamin C or E) in tris-citric acid buffer (TCA) on post-thaw quality of buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) bull spermatozoa. Split pooled buffalo bull ejaculates were diluted in TCA egg yolk glycerol extender containing either vitamin C (TCAC), vitamin E (TCAE) or without antioxidant (TCAN) at 37°C. Extended semen was cooled to 4C in 2 h and equilibrated for 4 h at 4C. Cooled semen was then filled in 0.5 ml straws at 4C and frozen in programmable cell freezer. Thawing of semen was performed at 37°C for 30 seconds. Sperm motility, plasma membrane integrity and sperm morphology (acrosome integrity, head, mid-piece and tail abnormalities) of each semen sample were evaluated. Percentage of post-thaw spermatozoal motility assessed visually at 0 and 6 h and the post-thaw percentage of spermatozoa with intact plasma membranes at 0 h were higher (P<0.05) with TCAC and TCAE compared to control. However, the differences in both these parameters between the former two groups was non significant. The post-thaw percentage of spermatozoa with normal acrosomes was higher (P<0.05) in TCAE extender than control. Mean sperm abnormalities in samples cryopreserved with extender having TCAC, TCAE or TCAN were similar (P>0.05). In conclusion, non-enzymatic antioxidants, particularly vitamin E, in the tris citric acid extender may improve the quality of frozen-thawed buffalo bull spermatozoa