Défis au développement de l’insémination artificielle chez le dromadaire

Artificial insemination (AI) in dromedaries remains challenging. A few AI trials with liquid stored semen have been published but they remain too small in term of number of inseminated females. AI trials with frozen-thawed semen have met with very little success. This papers reviews research performed in the area of dromedary semen collection and preservation with a special emphasize on biological differences compared to other species. These include, the viscous nature of camel ejaculate and the need for it liquefaction, the importance of induction of ovulation and possible effect on fertility and the difficult in reliably obtaining good quality ejaculates. We also present the most recent data regarding behavior of camel semen in various extenders and technique for preservation. Areas where further research is needed are pointed out throughout the manuscript. Keywords: Arti?cial insemination, fertility, semen, extenders, dromedary camel.L’insémination artificielle (IA) chez le dromadaire est un vrai défi. Quelques essais d’IA avec du sperme liquide stocké ont été publiés mais le nombre de femelles inséminées et les taux de conception restent relativement faibles. Les essais d’IA avec du sperme congelé et décongelé ont rencontré très peu de succès. Cet article passe en revue les recherches effectuées dans le domaine de la récolte et de la conservation du sperme du dromadaire en insistant particulièrement sur les différences biologiques par rapport aux autres espèces. La nature visqueuse de l’éjaculat du dromadaire et la nécessité de sa liquéfaction, l’importance de l’induction de l’ovulation et son éventuel effet sur la fertilité et la difficulté d’obtenir de façon fiable des éjaculats de bonne qualité. Nous présentons également les données les plus récentes concernant le comportement du sperme du dromadaire vis-à-vis de divers dilueurs et techniques de conservation. Les domaines où d’autres recherches sont nécessaires sont signalés tout au long du manuscrit. Mots-clés: Insémination artificielle, fertilité, sperme, dilueurs, dromadaire

Challenges in the development of artificial insemination in the dromedary camel

Artificial insemination (AI) in dromedaries remains challenging. A few AI trials with liquid stored semen have been published but they remain too small in term of number of inseminated females. AI trials with frozen-thawed semen have met with very little success. This papers reviews research performed in the area of dromedary semen collection and preservation with a special emphasize on biological differences compared to other species. These include, the viscous nature of camel ejaculate and the need for it liquefaction, the importance of induction of ovulation and possible effect on fertility and the difficult in reliably obtaining good quality ejaculates. We also present the most recent data regarding behavior of camel semen in various extenders and technique for preservation. Areas where further research is needed are pointed out throughout the manuscript

Pengelolaan Sampah Organik Rumah Pemotongan Hewan, Industri Tahu, Peternakan, dan Pasar di Kecamatan Krian, Kabupaten Sidoarjo.

<p><strong>Hampir lebih dari 60% sampah yang dihasilkan di seluruh Indonesia merupakan sampah organik atau biasa disebut sampah sejenis rumah tangga. Sampah organik ini mempunyai potensi besar untuk dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan – bahan yang berguna dan bernilai ekonomis, seperti kompos, biogas, dan sebagainya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh data terkait timbulan dan komposisi sampah organik dari 4 (empat) proses kegiatan di Kecamatan Krian Kabupaten Sidoarjo, yaitu Rumah Pemotongan Hewan (RPH), Industri Tahu, Peternakan, dan Pasar. Setelah data diketahui, kemudian bisa dijadikan pertimbangan untuk pengolahan sampah yang tepat guna terutama ditinjau dari aspek finansial.</strong><strong> </strong><strong>Hasil penelitian sebagai berikut: Jumlah timbulan limbah padat sentra industri tahu; 5018,33 kg/hari untuk kapasitas produksi tinggi; 2412,92 kg/hari untuk kapasitas produksi sedang; dan 524 kg/hari untuk kapasitas produksi rendah. Untuk timbulan limbah padat sentra peternakan sapi perah yang berupa kotoran sapi adalah sebesar 3272,889 kg/hari; dan sisa pakan ternak adalah sebesar 261,133 kg/hari. Timbulan limbah padat Rumah Pemotongan Hewan (RPH) yang berupa isi rumen adalah sebesar 3539,98 kg/hari; dan darah sapi sebesar 754,65 kg/hari.Jumlah timbulan limbah padat pasar krian adalah sebesar 4947,89 kg/hari dengan komposisi: sampah <em>biodegradable</em> (92,554%); dan lainnya (7,446) <em>non-biodegradable.</em></strong> <strong>Keuntungan yang didapat untuk pengolahan kompos dan RDF sebesar </strong><strong>Rp. 253.938.445,00 per tahun. Untuk keuntungan biogas sebesar </strong><strong>Rp. 131.613.525,00 dan Rp. 34.437.203,00 per tahun.</strong></p

Development of a large commercial camel embryo transfer program: 20 years of scientific research

a b s t r a c t Embryo transfer in camels was initiated to respond to demand from the camel industry particularly in the United Arab Emirates since 1990. This paper reviews the research performed in critical areas of reproductive physiology and reproductive function evaluation that constitute a pre-requisite for a successful embryo transfer program. A description of donor and recipient management as well as a retrospective evaluation of calf production in the embryo transfer program at Sweihan, UAE is provided. The program utilized two management systems for donors, with and without ovarian superstimulation. Non-stimulated donors are flushed every 14-15 days with a mean embryo production per year per female of 8.5 ± 3.1 (mean ± SEM). Response to gonadotropin stimulation is extremely variable. FSH doses and frequency of administration is often adjusted to a specific female. In the period of 1990-2010, 11,477 embryos were transferred to recipients. Transfers from 1990 to 2009 (n = 10,600) resulted in 2858 weaned calves, representing an overall efficiency (% weaned calves/transfer) of 27%. Pregnancy rates at 60 days post transfer varied from 19 to 44%. Pregnancy length following transfer is extremely variable. A major challenge in a large embryo transfer program is finding good quality recipients. Causes of pregnancy and neonatal losses are under study

Radioimmunoassay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay techniques as aids to studying pituitary hormones and improving reproductive management of the one-humped camel

International audienc

Molecular endocrinology of reproduction in the dromedary

National audienc

Molecular endocrinology of reproduction in the dromedary

National audienc

Purification, characterization and setting up of immunoassays of camel pituitary hormones

International audienc