<i>IL1RL1</i> SNP rs1921622 associated with severe RSV bronchiolitis.

<p>Subgroup analysis showed an association between severe RSV disease characterized by need for mechanical ventilation and <i>IL1RL1</i> SNP rs1921622 at both the allele level, and at the genotype level (p = 0.040).</p><p>RefSNP ID is the Reference SNP (rs) Number; SNP, single-nucleotide polymorphism.</p>1<p>Number of alleles and genotypes.</p>2<p>According to χ² distribution of a 2×2 table on allele or genotype frequencies.³</p

Subject characteristics of infants hospitalized for RSV bronchiolitis with IL1RL1-a measured in nasopharyngeal aspirate.

#<p>Fisher’s exact test.</p>*<p>Mann-Whitney U test.</p><p>n.a. = not applicable.</p><p>Analyses were performed in nasopharyngeal aspirates of hospitalized, non-ventilated infants with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection and ventilated infants at the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit with RSV.</p><p><b>°</b>Excluded samples of poor quality had too little material to perform genotyping or an IL1RL1-a measurement.</p

<i>IL1RL1</i> SNPs not associated with RSV bronchiolitis.

<p><i>IL1RL1</i> selected genotypes rs1921622, rs11685480 and rs1420101 are not associated with RSV bronchiolitis in hospitalized infants when compared to healthy controls in the population.</p><p>RefSNP ID is the Reference SNP (rs) Number; SNP, single-nucleotide polymorphism.</p>1<p>Number of alleles and genotypes.</p>2<p>According to χ² distribution of a 2×2 table on allele or genotype frequencies.</p>3<p>Reference allele is the major allele.</p

Median concentrations of IL1RL1-a in nasopharyngeal aspirates of hospitalized infants with RSV were >20-fold higher in mechanically ventilated infants at the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (n = 19) when compared to non-ventilated infants admitted to the general pediatric ward (n = 135) (median [and quartiles] 9,357 [936–15,528] pg/ml vs 405 [112–1,193] pg/ml respectively; Mann-Whitney U test p<0.0001).

<p>Median concentrations of IL1RL1-a in nasopharyngeal aspirates of hospitalized infants with RSV were >20-fold higher in mechanically ventilated infants at the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (n = 19) when compared to non-ventilated infants admitted to the general pediatric ward (n = 135) (median [and quartiles] 9,357 [936–15,528] pg/ml vs 405 [112–1,193] pg/ml respectively; Mann-Whitney U test p<0.0001).</p

Gene expression changes upon RSV infection in mice for the shared set of 53 genes in lung, lymph node, and blood on days 1, 2, and 5.

<p>Blood data are indicated as follows: primary, primary RSV infection response; protective, secondary RSV infection response; adverse, FI-RSV vaccine-enhanced response. Data for lung and lymph node are all responses to primary RSV infection. Values are given as ratios between infected and control.</p

Functional enrichment for lung, lymph node, and blood responses.

<p>Nodes represent tissue responses (pink), shared primary response (red), GO/UniProt functional terms (yellow) and immune cell type (light blue). Edges represent significant (p<0.01) enrichment (dark blue) or a subset relation (gray).</p

Comparison between lung, lymph node, and blood responses.

<p>The Venn diagram indicates the number of genes regulated in common or specific for each of the three tissues across any of the days examined. The heatmap indicates gene expression changes relative to the median of the unchallenged group on days 1, 2, and 5.</p

Module comparison of expression responses.

<p>Figures indicate the median response per module. Background color indicates the extent of up- (red) or down-regulation.</p

Gene expression changes upon RSV infection in mice for primary infection, secondary infection, and vaccine-enhanced signatures in blood on day 5.

<p>Values are given as ratios between infected and control.</p