Quadrupolar interactions in Pr compounds: PrFe4P12 and PrBa2Cu3O6

We examine trivalent Pr crystal field models with near-degeneracy of the two lowest crystal field levels, where interaction-induced quadrupolar and dipolar moments are as important as the permanent moments of the crystal field ground state. We find that the Gamma1-Gamma4 level scheme yields a successful description of the antiferroquadrupolar ordering of PrFe4P12. For PrBa2Cu3O6, we argue that quadrupolar interaction is important for understanding the Pr ordering transition at 11K.Comment: One of the figures, and a few sentences replaced. 8 pages, 5 figures, iopart submitted to the Proceedings of the conference on "Advances in the Physics of f-electron Systems (JAERI Tokai, Japan), accepted for publication in J. Phys.: Condensed Matte

MOESM1 of Segmentation of 3D images of plant tissues at multiple scales using the level set method

Additional file 1. Supplementary Methods. Section 1. Mathematical details of the level set method; Section 2. Parameters and initialization; Figure S1. Parameter effects and sensitivity to initialization