Change in cognitive measures at week 48.

<p>Change in cognitive measures at week 48.</p

Changes in NPZ-7 and in information processing speed and executive functioning domains.

<p>(a) Mean change in NPZ-7. (b) Mean change in information processing speed. (c) Mean change in executive functioning. Values are expressed as z-score means, bars as standard errors. P values and d sizes are provided for rivastigmine vs control group comparisons. Abbreviations: CG, control group; EF, executive functioning; IPS, information processing speed; LG, lithium group; RG, rivastigmine group.</p

Change in daily living, quality of life, and emotional variables.

<p>Change in daily living, quality of life, and emotional variables.</p

Baseline characteristics of study participants.

<p>Baseline characteristics of study participants.</p

Flow diagram of trial participation.

<p>Flow diagram of trial participation.</p

Characteristics of the study sample.

<p>Data expressed as median (interquartile range), except when indicated otherwise.</p><p>Standardized scores are adjusted for age, gender and education, according to available normative data.</p><p>Abbreviations: ANI, asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment; ART, antiretroviral therapy; HAD, HIV-associated dementia; HAND, HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder; HCV, hepatitis C virus; MND, mild neurocognitive disorder.</p><p><i>^a</i>ART interruption defined as discontinuing therapy>15 days at any time for any reason in the past.</p><p><i>^b</i>Undetectable at ≤40 copies/mL level.</p><p><i>^c</i>Depression scores based on the Beck Depression Inventory test.</p><p><i>^d</i>Anxiety scores based on the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory.</p><p><i>^e</i>Premorbid intelligence scores based on the Vocabulary test from the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-III.</p><p><i>^f</i>From patients with neurocognitive impairment.</p><p><i>^g</i>Potential confounding comorbidities defined as lifetime or current diagnosis of a psychiatric disorder, receiving psychopharmacologic therapy, drug or alcohol abuse, and prior or current CNS-related disease.</p><p>Characteristics of the study sample.</p

Classification model for treatment-experienced patients with undetectable viral load (n = 240). Correct classification: 73.4%, 3 final nodes.

<p>Classification model for treatment-experienced patients with undetectable viral load (n = 240). Correct classification: 73.4%, 3 final nodes.</p

Classification model for treatment-experienced patients with undetectable viral load and no confounding comorbidities (n = 148).

<p>Correct classification: 88%, 6 final nodes.</p

Classification model for treatment-naïve patients (n = 52). Correct classification: 79.6%, 3 final nodes.

<p>Classification model for treatment-naïve patients (n = 52). Correct classification: 79.6%, 3 final nodes.</p

Demographic and clinical characteristics^a.

a<p>Values are expressed as No. (%) or median (interquartile range).</p>b<p>Standardized T scores based on normative data.</p>c<p>Previous or current disease involving the CNS, psychiatric disorder, psychopharmacologic treatment, and drug use.</p><p>Abbreviations: MSM, men who have sex with men; CDC, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; ARV, antiretroviral; PIs, protease inhibitors; NRTIs, nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors; NNRTIs, nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors; LPV/r, lopinavir/ritonavir; LPV/r-MT, lopinavir/ritonavir monotherapy; LPV/r-ART, lopinavir/ritonavir triple-therapy; TDF, tenofovir; FTC, emtricitabine; ABC, abacavir, 3TC, lamivudine; AZT, zidovudine; ddI, didanosine; VL, viral load; WAIS-III, Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-III; Beck Depression Inventory; STAI, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory.</p