Using 3D-modeling to improve the quality of bachelors’ training in the field of socio-cultural activities

Problem statement. The implementation of 3D modeling elements in the in-demand specialists’ training of the socio-cultural sphere is in line with the recommendations of UNESCO and the priorities of Russia’s state cultural policy. The study aimed at substantiating the effectiveness of the three-dimensional computer graphics usage for specialists’ training to improve the quality of their education. Methodology . Theoretical and methodological analysis and generalization of fundamental scientific works on the research problem, processing of test results, and three-dimensional models of cultural objects are applied. The pedagogical experiment involved 49 students of the direction of training 51.03.03 Socio-cultural Activities (level - bachelor’s degree) of Orel State Institute of Culture. Pearson’s χ2 test was used as a statistical processing method. Results . The features of the use of three-dimensional computer graphics in the training of specialists in the socio-cultural sphere to improve the quality of their training are determined: activation of information communication; support for solving economic and engineering problems as components of socio-cultural activities; automation of a large number of calculations, etc. Statistically significant differences in qualitative changes in the pedagogical system were revealed. Conclusion . The use of three-dimensional computer graphics in the training of specialists in the socio-cultural sphere will help to increase the level of their professional training while providing a set of conditions: a combination of design, educational and research activities; orientation to the performance of labor functions; application of fundamental theoretical information on technologies for organizing leisure activities in real socio-cultural activities, etc

Nitric Oxide Has a Concentration-Dependent Effect on the Cell Cycle Acting via EIN2 in Arabidopsis thaliana Cultured Cells

Ethylene is known to influence the cell cycle (CC) via poorly characterized roles whilst nitric oxide (NO) has well-established roles in the animal CC but analogous role(s) have not been reported for plants. As NO and ethylene signaling events often interact we examined their role in CC in cultured cells derived from Arabidopsis thaliana wild-type (Col-0) plants and from ethylene-insensitive mutant ein2-1 plants. Both NO and ethylene were produced mainly during the first 5 days of the sub-cultivation period corresponding to the period of active cell division. However, in ein2-1 cells, ethylene generation was significantly reduced while NO levels were increased. With application of a range of concentrations of the NO donor, sodium nitroprusside (SNP) (between 20 and 500 μM) ethylene production was significantly diminished in Col-0 but unchanged in ein2-1 cells. Flow cytometry assays showed that in Col-0 cells treatments with 5 and 10 μM SNP concentrations led to an increase in S-phase cell number indicating the stimulation of G1/S transition. However, at ≥20 μM SNP CC progression was restrained at G1/S transition. In the mutant ein2-1 strain, the index of S-phase cells was not altered at 5–10 μM SNP but decreased dramatically at higher SNP concentrations. Concomitantly, 5 μM SNP induced transcription of genes encoding CDKA;1 and CYCD3;1 in Col-0 cells whereas transcription of CDKs and CYCs were not significantly altered in ein2-1 cells at any SNP concentrations examined. Hence, it is appears that EIN2 is required for full responses at each SNP concentration. In ein2-1 cells, greater amounts of NO, reactive oxygen species, and the tyrosine-nitrating peroxynitrite radical were detected, possibly indicating NO-dependent post-translational protein modifications which could stop CC. Thus, we suggest that in Arabidopsis cultured cells NO affects CC progression as a concentration-dependent modulator with a dependency on EIN2 for both ethylene production and a NO/ethylene regulatory function

Quantitative proteomic dataset of the spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) at drought stress

<p>We presented the proteomic datasets of spring wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum </i>L.) leaves and roots under drought stress conditions. Using isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ), we identified differentially expressed proteins involved in photosynthesis, primary metabolism, antioxidant defense, and translation. </p&gt

Cholesterol Significantly Affects the Interactions between Pirfenidone and DPPC Liposomes: Spectroscopic Studies

In this work, we studied the effect of as on the interaction of membrane DPPC with the key antifibrotic drug pirfenidone. Liposomal forms of pirfenidone were obtained using passive loading. The addition of cholesterol reduces the loading efficiency of pirfenidone by 10%. The main binding site of pirfenidone in DPPC liposomes is the carbonyl group: the interaction with PF significantly increases the proportion of low-hydrated carbonyl groups as revealed by ATR-FTIR spectroscopy. The phosphate group acts as an additional binding site; however, due to shielding by the choline group, this interaction is weak. The hydrophobic part of the bilayer is not involved in PF binding at room temperature. Cholesterol changes the way of interaction between carbonyl groups and pirfenidone probably because of the formation of two subpopulations of DPPC and causes a dramatic redistribution of carbonyl groups onto the degrees of hydration. The proportion of moderately hydrated carbonyl groups increases, apparently due to the deepening of pirfenidone into the circumpolar region of the bilayer. For the first time, a change in the microenvironment of pirfenidone upon binding to liposomes was shown: aromatic moiety interacts with the bilayer

Conjugates of Chitosan with β-Cyclodextrins as Promising Carriers for the Delivery of Levofloxacin: Spectral and Microbiological Studies

In this work, we synthesized chitosan 5 kDa conjugates with β-cyclodextrins with various substituents as promising mucoadhesive carriers for the delivery of fluoroquinolones using the example of levofloxacin. The obtained conjugates were comprehensively characterized by spectral methods (UV-Vis, ATR-FTIR, 1H NMR, SEM). The physico-chemical properties of the complex formations were studied by IR, UV, and fluorescence spectroscopy. The dissociation constants of complexes with levofloxacin were determined. Complexation with conjugates provided four times slower drug release in comparison with plain CD and more than 20 times in comparison with the free drug. The antibacterial activity of the complexes was tested on model microorganisms Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 and Gram-positive Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633. The complex with the conjugate demonstrated the same initial levofloxacin antibacterial activity but provided significant benefits, e.g., prolonged release

Conjugates of Chitosan with β-Cyclodextrins as Promising Carriers for the Delivery of Levofloxacin: Spectral and Microbiological Studies

In this work, we synthesized chitosan 5 kDa conjugates with β-cyclodextrins with various substituents as promising mucoadhesive carriers for the delivery of fluoroquinolones using the example of levofloxacin. The obtained conjugates were comprehensively characterized by spectral methods (UV-Vis, ATR-FTIR, 1H NMR, SEM). The physico-chemical properties of the complex formations were studied by IR, UV, and fluorescence spectroscopy. The dissociation constants of complexes with levofloxacin were determined. Complexation with conjugates provided four times slower drug release in comparison with plain CD and more than 20 times in comparison with the free drug. The antibacterial activity of the complexes was tested on model microorganisms Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 and Gram-positive Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633. The complex with the conjugate demonstrated the same initial levofloxacin antibacterial activity but provided significant benefits, e.g., prolonged release

Investigation of the adhesion properties of calcium-phosphate coating to titanium substrate with regards to the parameters of high-frequency magnetron sputtering

The main goal of the work was to find the interconnection between the high-frequency magnetron sputtering parameters and the adhesion properties of CaP coatings formed on the surface of titanium substrate. Methods: Calcium-phosphate coatings, similar in composition to hydroxyapatite, were generated by high-frequency magnetron sputtering on titanium substrate at different values of high-frequency specific power over times of one and two hours. Afterwards, the generated coatings were studied using the method of X-ray phase analysis, and sclerometric tests (scratch test) were carried out. The adhesion strength of the deposited coatings was tested for different coating thicknesses from 0.45 to 1.1 x 10–3 mm. Results: According to the results of sclerometry, it was found that with an increase in the high-frequency specific power of plasma to 3.15 W/cm2 , the adhesion strength of the calcium-phosphate coating also increases. For all the coatings, the critical loads at which the coating completely exfoliated from the substrate were determined. Conclusions: According to the research results, the most optimal conditions for obtaining high-adhesive calcium-phosphate coatings were determined

Cholesterol Significantly Affects the Interactions between Pirfenidone and DPPC Liposomes: Spectroscopic Studies

In this work, we studied the effect of as on the interaction of membrane DPPC with the key antifibrotic drug pirfenidone. Liposomal forms of pirfenidone were obtained using passive loading. The addition of cholesterol reduces the loading efficiency of pirfenidone by 10%. The main binding site of pirfenidone in DPPC liposomes is the carbonyl group: the interaction with PF significantly increases the proportion of low-hydrated carbonyl groups as revealed by ATR-FTIR spectroscopy. The phosphate group acts as an additional binding site; however, due to shielding by the choline group, this interaction is weak. The hydrophobic part of the bilayer is not involved in PF binding at room temperature. Cholesterol changes the way of interaction between carbonyl groups and pirfenidone probably because of the formation of two subpopulations of DPPC and causes a dramatic redistribution of carbonyl groups onto the degrees of hydration. The proportion of moderately hydrated carbonyl groups increases, apparently due to the deepening of pirfenidone into the circumpolar region of the bilayer. For the first time, a change in the microenvironment of pirfenidone upon binding to liposomes was shown: aromatic moiety interacts with the bilayer