Frequency of secondary drug resistance mutations in patients failing antiretroviral therapy.

<p>Frequency of secondary drug resistance mutations in patients failing antiretroviral therapy.</p

Relationships between the subtype D sequences inferred using maximum likelihood phylogeny (GenBank deposited <i>pol</i> sequences).

<p>Country-specific sequences are marked with the same color: red – Poland, blue – Uganda, green – Tanzania, yellow – Europe (except Poland), brown – Cameroon, magenta - Senegal, cyan- Sudan, dark green – other African countries, violet – South America, grey – Asia, orange – North America.</p

Phylogenetic trees of the subtype D sequences from Northwestern Poland.

<p>Figure a - maximum likelihood tree with bootstrap values for 1000 replicates drawn at the branches. Figure b – time scaled Bayesian MCMC tree. On the tree branches estimated time to the most recent common ancestor (tMRCA) and posterior probabilities expressed as percentage are shown. For both figures clustered sequences are marked in red and four identified clusters indicated as blue boxes and numbered are drawn on the right. Drug resistance mutations are marked at the tip nodes after the sequence identifier. *source patient for the transmission of the drug resistance within the cluster.</p

Frequency of baseline drug resistance mutations among treatment-naive patients.

<p>Frequency of baseline drug resistance mutations among treatment-naive patients.</p

Drug resistance and treatment efficacy in the group infected with subtype D.

<p>*Percentage expressed adherence based on the number of months of medications dispensed by the number of months of follow-up; clinician assigned adherence based on the patient's statement regarding missed doses and treatment interruptions.</p

Bayesian skyline plot for estimation of the number of subtype D HIV-1 cases in the local population.

<p>95% CI are marked in blue. Y-axis: predicted number of cases (log scale), X-axis: timescale (years).</p