Anti-HER-2 engineering antibody ChA21 inhibits growth and induces apoptosis of SK-OV-3 cells

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background and Aims</p> <p>Anti-HER-2 antibodies targeting distinct epitopes have different biological functions on cancer cells. In a previous study, we demonstrated that anti-HER-2 engineering antibody ChA21 was able to bind to subdomain I of HER-2 extracellular domain. In this study, The effects of ChA21 on growth and apoptosis against ovarian carcinoma cell SK-OV-3 over-expressing HER-2 <it>in vitro </it>and <it>in vivo </it>were investigated.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Cell growth inhibition was evaluated by MTT assay. Apoptosis was detected by TUNEL stain, transmission electron microscopy and flow cytometry on cultured cells and tissue sections from nude mice xenografts. The apoptosis-related proteins Bax and Bcl-2 were assessed by immunohistochemistry.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>We found that treatment of ChA21 caused a dose-dependent decrease of cell proliferation <it>in vitro </it>and a significant inhibition of tumor growth <it>in vivo</it>. ChA21 therapy led to a significant increase in the induction of apoptosis, and up-regulated the expression of Bax, while the expression of Bcl-2 was down-regulated.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>These data suggest that ChA21 inhibits the growth and induces apoptosis of SK-OV-3 via regulating the balance between Bax and Bcl-2.</p

Defogging lens design for infrared laser active imaging by orbital angular momentum meta-surface

Imaging in scattering media has been a big problem, as the ballistic light carrying object information is swamped by background noise, thus degrading the imaging quality. In addressing this issue, active illumination imaging technology has various advantages over passive imaging since it can introduce several controllable parameters, such as polarization, coded aperture, and so on. Here, we actively introduce orbital angular momentum into the scattering imaging, which can effectively enhance the mid/high frequency components of the object. Then, it is fused with the low-quality image obtained by traditional imaging, which can effectively enhance the visualization. Compared with the results of direct imaging, the signal-to-noise ratio is improved by up to 250%–300%, and the image contrast is improved by up to 300%–400%. This method may find applications in foggy environments for autonomous driving, lidar, and machine vision

Fine Physical Bin Mapping of the Powdery Mildew Resistance Gene Pm21 Based on Chromosomal Structural Variations in Wheat

Pm21, derived from wheat wild relative Dasypyrum villosum, is one of the most effective powdery mildew resistance genes and has been widely applied in wheat breeding in China. Mapping and cloning Pm21 are of importance for understanding its resistance mechanism. In the present study, physical mapping was performed using different genetic stocks involving in structural variations of chromosome 6VS carrying Pm21. The data showed that 6VS could be divided into eight distinguishable chromosomal bins, and Pm21 was mapped to the bin FLb4–b5/b6 closely flanked by the markers 6VS-08.6 and 6VS-10.2. Comparative genomic mapping indicated that the orthologous regions of FLb4–b5/b6 carrying Pm21 were narrowed to a 117.7 kb genomic region harboring 19 genes in Brachypodium and a 37.7 kb region harboring 5 genes in rice, respectively. The result was consistent with that given by recent genetic mapping in diploid D. villosum. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that physical mapping based on chromosomal structural variations is an efficient method for locating alien genes in wheat background

Real-time optical flow-based video stabilization for unmanned aerial vehicles

This paper describes the development of a novel algorithm to tackle the problem of real-time video stabilization for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). There are two main components in the algorithm: (1) By designing a suitable model for the global motion of UAV, the proposed algorithm avoids the necessity of estimating the most general motion model, projective transformation, and considers simpler motion models, such as rigid transformation and similarity transformation; (2) to achieve a high processing speed, optical flow-based tracking is employed in lieu of conventional tracking and matching methods used by state-of-the-art algorithms. These two new ideas resulted in a real-time stabilization algorithm, developed over two phases. Stage I considers processing the whole sequence of frames in the video while achieving an average processing speed of 50 fps on several publicly available benchmark videos. Next, Stage II undertakes the task of real-time video stabilization using a multi-threading implementation of the algorithm designed in Stage I

Design of dense, accurate stereo maps for fast maneuvering of unmanned aerial vehicles

In recent times, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are popular for several applications like rescue, surveillance, mapping, and so on. However, slow flight motion of Quadrotor UAVs is still a challenging issue to overcome. Although there exist several algorithms for the motion estimation and path planning of UAVs, most of them cannot be applied for fast flight in cluttered urban and forest environments. Many navigation systems based on laser scan matching have been demonstrated for the use on Quadrotor UAVs. Nevertheless, keeping in mind that the UAV is to fly at high speeds (5-10 m/s), an alternative for a heavy laser scanner would be a light-weight stereo camera. On the other hand, the main disadvantage for using stereo camera is that the depth map generated is often sparse and noisy, which is the bottleneck for obstacle detection and path planning. Therefore, a segmentation-based filter has been designed to overcome this problem without being dependent on different scenes and lighting conditions. The proposed filter has been tested on publicly available stereo images as well as data generated from our UAV cameras